I-MP3, i-AAC, i-WMA, i-FLAC, i-ALAC, i-WAV, i-AIFF ne-PCM echazwe
Amadivaysi amaningi angakwazi ukudlala amafomethi ahlukahlukene wezedijithali ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle kwebhokisi, kaningi ngaphandle kwesofthiwe edingekayo noma izibuyekezo ze-firmware. Uma ufaka ngokusebenzisa ibhuku lomkhiqizo ungase umangale ukuthi zingaki izinhlobo ezahlukene ezikhona.
Yini eyenza ihluke komunye nomunye, futhi lokhu kufanele kubaluleke kuwe?
Amafomethi wefayela lomculo achaziwe
Uma kuziwa kumculo wedijithali , ingabe isakhiwo sithatha ngempela? Impendulo yilezi: kuxhomeke.
Kukhona amafayela womsindo agxilile futhi angagxiliwe, okungenzeka abe nekhwalithi elahlekile noma engenakulahlekelwa kuwo. Amafayela angenalutho angaba ngosayizi omkhulu, kodwa uma unesitoreji esiphezulu (isib. I-PC noma i-laptop, i-network storage drive, iseva yemidiya, njll), futhi unomshini wokulalelwayo ophezulu, kunezinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-audio engaxhunyiwe noma engenasici .
Kodwa uma isikhala sisezingeni eliyinhloko, njengama- Smartphones , amaphilisi, nabadlali abaphathekayo, noma uhlela ukusebenzisa ama-headphone ayisisekelo noma izikhulumi, amafayela acindezelwe amancane kakhulu akudingayo.
Ngakho ukhetha kanjani? Nakhu ukuhlukunyezwa kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zefomethi, ezinye zezici zabo ezibalulekile, nezizathu zokuthi ungayisebenzisa.
- I-MP3: Yakhelwe yiqembu le-Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG), inhlangano eyenza amazinga wezinhlelo zokulalelwayo namavidiyo aqoshiwe, i-MPEG-1 / MPEG-2 Layer 3 (MP3) ngokungangabazeki uhlobo olujwayelekile kakhulu nolwesekwayo lwefayela lomsindo.
- I-MP3 iyimfomathi yomsindo ocindezelekile futhi elahlekile , ngamanani amancane avela ku-8 kbit / s kuze kufike ku-320 kbit / s, futhi ama-sampling frequencies kusuka ku-16 kHz kuya ku-48 kHz. Amakhulu amafayela amafayela we-MP3s asho ukudluliselwa kwamafayili okusheshayo nesikhala esincane esetshenzisiwe, kepha ngezindleko zokunciphisa izinga elizwakalayo uma kuqhathaniswa namafomethi wefayela okulahlekile.
- I-AAC: Yathandwa kakhulu yi-Apple iTunes, ifomethi ye- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) ifana ne-MP3, kodwa ngenzuzo eyodwa eyengeziwe yokusebenza kahle.
- I-AAC ifomathi yomsindo ocindezelweyo futhi olahlekile, ngamanani amancane avela ku-8 kbit / s kuze kufike kuma-320 kbit / s, futhi ama-frequencies esampula avela ku-8 kHz kuya phezulu-inqubo efanele yokufaka ikhodi-ka-96 kHz.
- Amafayela we-AAC angakwazi ukuletha ikhwalithi efanayo yomsindo njenge- MP3 ngenkathi ethatha isikhala esincane. I-ACC nayo isekela iziteshi ezingu-48, kanti amafayela amaningi we-MP3 angakwazi ukuphatha amabili kuphela. I-AAC iyahambisana kakhulu kodwa ayikhawulelwe ku-iOS, Android, namadivayisi wokudlala aphethwe ngesandla.
- I-WMA: Ethuthukisiwe yiMicrosoft njengomncintiswano kuma-MP3, amafayela we- Windows Media Audio anikeze okuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo, noma okunye. I-WMA evamile yomibili ifomethi yomsindo ocindezelekile futhi elahlekile, nakuba izinguqulo ezingezansi ezintsha, ezihlukile ezikhethiwe nge-codecs ezithuthukisiwe zinganikeza inketho engalahlekelwa.
- Nakuba izinhlobo eziningi zemidiya ephathekayo nabadlali bezokuzijabulisa ekhaya basekela amafayela we-WMA ngokuzenzakalelayo, ambalwa amadivayisi eselula afana nama-smartphone namaphilisi. Abaningi badinga ukulandwa uhlelo lokusebenza oluhambisanayo ukuze badlale i-WMA audio, okungenza kube lula kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-MP3 noma i-AAC.
- I-FLAC: Ethuthukiswe yiSisekelo se-Xiph.Org, i- Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) inesikhalazo esikhulu ngenxa yelayisensi yayo yamahhala kanye nefomethi evulekile.
- I-FLAC yomibili ifomethi yomsindo ocindezelekile futhi engenakulahlekelwa, nekhwalithi yefayela ekwazi ukufinyelela kufike ku-32-bit / 96 kHz (ngokuqhathanisa, i-CD yinama-16-bit / 44.1 kHz). I-FLAC ijabulela usayizi wefayela elinciphile (cishe amaphesenti angama-30 kuya kwangu-40 amancane kunedatha yangempela) ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi yomsindo, okwenza kube yindawo ekahle yokugcinwa kokugcinwa kwe-digital (okuwukuthi, ukuyisebenzisa njengekhophi eyinhloko ukuze udale amafayela acindezelekile / alahlekelwe ukulalela okujwayelekile).
- I-ALAC: Inguqulo ka-Apple ye-FLAC, i-Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC) yabelana kakhulu ngokuphathelene nekhwalithi yomsindo kanye nosayizi wefayela nge-FLAC.
- I-ALAC yomibili ifomethi yomsindo ocindezelweyo futhi engenakulahlekelwa. Ixhaswe ngokugcwele namadivaysi e-iOS ne-iTunes, kanti i-FLAC kungenzeka ingasekelwa. Ngenxa yalokho, i-ALAC izovame ukusetshenziselwa labo abasebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-Apple.
- I-WAV: Yabuye yasungulwa yi-Microsoft, i-Waveform File File Format iyinhlangano yama-Windows based systems futhi iyahambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ze-software.
- I-WAV isuke ingenakunyakaziswa (kodwa ingabuye ikhodiwe njengokucindezelwa) kanye nefomethi yokulalelwayo engenalutho, ngokuyinhloko ikhophi eqondile yedatha yomthombo. Amafayela ngabanye angathatha isikhala esiphezulu sendawo, okwenza ifomethi ibe yindawo ekahle yokugcina ingosi nokuhlela umsindo. Amafayela womsindo we-WAV afana namafayela we- PCM ne-AIFF alalelwayo.
- I-AIFF: Yabuye yasungulwa yi-Apple, i-Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) iyinhlangano yokugcina umsindo kuma-Mac.
- I-AIFF yomibili engaxhunyiwe (kukhona nokuhluka okucindezelweyo) kanye nefomethi yokulalelwayo engenalutho. Njengefomethi yefayili ye-Microsoft ye-WAV, amafayela we-AIFF angathatha indawo enkulu yokugcina isitoreji, okwenza kube ngcono ukugcina nokuhlela.
- I-PCM: Isetshenziselwa ukumela imiyalezo ye-analog ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) ifomethi yokulalela evamile yama-CD, kodwa nakwamakhompyutha nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zomsindo we-digital.
- I-PCM yindlela yokulalelwayo engaphelele futhi engalahleki, ngokuvamile esebenza njengedatha yomthombo wokudala ezinye izinhlobo zamafayela wezwi.