Uma usuzoqala ukuthenga i-TV entsha noma iphrofayli yevidiyo futhi awusakazanga iminyaka eminengi, izinto zingase zidideke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubheka izikhangiso ze-intanethi noma zephephandaba, noma uya kumthengisi wakho wendawo obandayo, kukhona amanani amaningi we-tech aphonswa ngaphandle, ukuthi abathengi abaningi baqede ukukhipha imali yabo futhi benethemba lokuthi bangcono kakhulu.
I-HDR Factor
Enye yezimiso zakamuva "ze-techie" zokufaka ukuxhuma kwe-TV yi- HDR . I-HDR (i-High Dynamic Range) yiyo yonke intukuthelo phakathi kwabenzi be-TV, futhi kunesizathu esihle sokuba abathengi baqaphele.
Nakuba i- 4K ithuthukise isinqumo esingaboniswa, i-HDR ihlangabezana nenye into ebalulekile kokubili kweprojekthi ye-TV nevidiyo, okukhipha ukukhanya (ukukhanya). Umgomo we-HDR ukusekela amandla okukhishwa okukhanya okwenyuka ukuze kuboniswe izithombe ezinezici ezifana nezimo zokukhanya zemvelo esizibona "ezweni langempela."
Ngenxa yalokho, imigomo emibili yobuchwepheshe isuselwe ekuvelele okusha kumadivayisi wephromoshini we-TV nevidiyo iphromoshini kanye nabathengisi: Ama-Nits namaLumens. Nakuba igama elithi Lumens liye laba yisisekelo esikhulu sokukhangisa kwevidiyo iminyaka ethile, lapho bethenga ithelevishini kulezi zinsuku, abathengi manje sebethwa yiNitethi ngokuthi abenzi be-TV nabathengisi abathengisayo. Ngakho-ke, imigomo yama-Lumens namaNits asho ukuthini ngempela?
Ama-nati nama-Lumens 101
Kuze kube sekungeniswa kwe-HDR, lapho abathengi bethuthunyisela i-TV, omunye umkhiqizo / umodeli kungenzeka ukuthi ubukeke "ukhanyisa" kunomunye, kodwa lolo hlu aluzange luqinisekiswe ngempela ezingeni lokudayisa, ngakho nje kwadingeka ukuba ulibheke.
Kodwa-ke, ngokufika kwe-HDR njengesici esinikezwa ngenani elikhulayo lamaTV, ukukhishwa okukhanyayo (isaziso ngingazange ngitshele ukukhanya okuzoxoxwa kamuva) kuqinisekiswa kubathengi ngokwemigodi ye-Nits, kusho ukuthi i-TV ingakwazi okukhipha ukukhanya okungaphezulu, ngenhloso eyinhloko yokusekela i-HDR-kungaba nokuqukethwe okuhambisanayo noma umphumela we-HDR odala owenziwe ngokucubungula kwangaphakathi kwe-TV .
Ukuze uzilungiselele lo mkhuba ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwe-TV, kanye nokuthengiswa kwe-hype, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ukukhishwa okulula kulinganiselwe kuma-TV nakwabaseprojekthi yevidiyo.
Ama-Nits: Cabanga nge-TV njenge-Sun, ephuma ngokukhanya ngokuqondile. Ama-nits yisilinganiso sokukhanya okungakanani isikrini se-TV esithumela emehlweni akho (ukukhanya) ngaphakathi kwendawo yokunikeza. Ezingeni eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe, i-NIT yikhiqiza esiphuthumayo esilingana ne-candela ngayinye imitha yesikwele (cd / m2 - isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokuqina okukhanyayo).
Ukubeka lokhu ngendlela ebonakalayo, i-TV evamile ingaba namandla okukhipha ama-Nits angu-100 kuya ku-200, kuyilapho ama-TV ahambisana ne-HDR angakwazi ukukhiqiza izinombolo ezingu-400 kuya ku-2,000.
I-Lumens: I- Lumens yigama elijwayelekile elichaza ukukhishwa okukhanyayo, kodwa kuma-project projectors, igama elifanele kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-ANSI Lumens (i-ANSI imele i-American National Standards Institute).
Kumaphrojekti wevidiyo, i-ANSI Lumens engu-1000 yinani elincane ukuthi iphrojekitha kufanele ikwazi ukukhipha ukusetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yaseshashalazini, kepha iningi lamaprosesa asekhaya asekhaya kusukela ku-1,500 kuya ku-2 500 izibani ze-ANSI zokukhishwa okukhanyayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaprosesa amavidiyo amaningi ahlose (sebenzisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, engabandakanya ukuzijabulisa ekhaya, ibhizinisi, noma ukusetshenziswa kwemfundo, ngikwazi ukukhipha izibani ezingu-3 000 noma ngaphezulu ze-ANSI).
Ngokuphathelene namaNits, i-ANS lumen ingumumo wokukhanya okhonjiswa endaweni eyodwa yemitha yesigcawu engamitha eyodwa ukusuka kumthombo owodwa wokukhanya we-candela. Cabanga ngesithombe esiboniswe kusikrini sokubukwa kwevidiyo, noma udonga njengenyanga, ebonisa ukukhanya emuva kumbukeli.
Nits vs Lumens
Uma uqhathanisa ama-Nits kuya ku-Lumens, ngemigomo elula, i-Nit engu-1 imelela ukukhanya okungaphezulu kune-1 ANSI lumen. Umehluko wezibalo phakathi kwamaNit and Lumens luyinkimbinkimbi. Noma kunjalo, uma umthengi eqhathanisa i-TV eneprojekthi yevidiyo, enye indlela ibeka ukuthi i-Nit engu-1 iyilingana elilinganiselwa ku-3.426 ANSI Lumens.
Ukusebenzisa lelo phuzu lokubhekisela, ukuze unqume ukuthi inani elithile lamaNit lifaniswa nenani elithile le-ANSI lumens, ukwandisa inani lamaNithi ngo-3.426. Uma ufuna ukwenza okuphambene nalokhu (uyazi izibani futhi ufuna ukuthola okulingana nawo kumaNits), khona-ke uzohlukanisa inani lama-Lumens ngo-3.426.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- Ama-Nits angu-200 alingana nama-685 ANSI Lumens
- Ama-Nits angu-500 afaniswa ne-1,713 ANSI Lumens
- Ama-730 ama-Nits afaniswa nama-ANSI angu-2 500
- Ama-Nits angu-1 000 afaniswa ne-AN4 Lumens angu-3,426
- Ama-Nits angu-1,500 afaniswa nama-AN13 Lumens ayi-5,139
- Ama-Nits angu-2 000 afaniswa ne-AN,5 Lumens angu-6,582
Njengoba ungabona, ukuze iprojector yevidiyo izuze ukukhishwa okukhanyayo okulingana namaNithi angu-1 000 (khumbula ukuthi ukukhanyisa indawo efanayo nendawo yokukhanyisa indawo kuyafana) - iprojekti idinga ukukwazi ukuze kukhishwe ama-AN4 Lumens angu-3,426, okungekho ebangeni lamaprosesa amaningi azinikezele ekhaya.
Noma kunjalo, iphrojekti engakwazi ukukhipha i-1,713 Ansi Lumens, efinyeleleka kalula kumavidiyo amaningi, iyakwazi ukufanisa i-TV enekhono elikhanyayo lama-Nits angu-500.
Umklamo we-TV nevidiyo Umphumela wokukhanya ku-Word Real
Nakuba yonke imininingwane "ye-techie" engenhla kwi-Nits ne-Lumens inikeza ukubhekisela okuhlobene, kuzo izinhlelo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela, zonke lezo zinombolo ziyingxenye yendaba kuphela.
Isibonelo, khumbula ukuthi uma i-TV noma iprojector yevidiyo ifakwe njengokwazi ukukhipha ama-Nits angu-1,000 noma ama-Lumens, lokho akusho ukuthi i-TV noma izimpumelelo zephrojekithi zikhanya kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Amafrimu noma izigcawu ngokuvamile zibonisa ububanzi bokuqukethwe okukhanyayo nokumnyama, kanye nokuhluka kwemibala. Zonke lezi zinguquko zidinga amazinga ahlukene okukhishwa okukhanya.
Ngamanye amazwi, une-scene lapho ubona khona ilanga esibhakabhakeni, leyo ngxenye yesithombe ingadinga i-TV noma iprojekti yevidiyo ukukhipha inani eliphezulu lamaNits noma ama-Lumens. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingxenye zesithombe, izakhiwo ezinjalo, ukuma komhlaba, nezithunzi, zidinga ukukhiqizwa okuncane okuncane, mhlawumbe ngama-100 noma 200 amaNits noma ama-Lumens. Futhi, imibala ehlukene ekhonjiswa iqhaza kumazinga ahlukene okuphuma okukhanya ngaphakathi kwefreyimu noma yesehlakalo.
Iphuzu eliyinhloko lapha ukuthi isilinganiso phakathi kwezinto eziqhakazile nezinto ezimbi kakhulu zifana, noma ngokusondelene kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nomthelela ofanayo wokubukwa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-TV e- OLED anikwe amandla we-HDR maqondana ne- LED / i-LCD TV . Ubuchwepheshe be-TV ye-OLED abukwazi ukusekela ama-Nits amaningi okukhishwa okukhanya njengokubukeka kwe- LED / LCD ye-TV. Nokho, ngokungafani ne-TV / i-LCD TV, ne-OLED TV ingaveza umnyama omnyama.
Lokho kusho ukuthi yize izinga eliphakeme elisemthethweni le-HDR ye-LED / i-LCD TVs likwazi ukubonisa okungenani ama-Nits angu-1,000, izinga elisemthethweni le-HDR yama-OLED ama-TV angu-540 kuphela. Noma kunjalo, khumbula, izinga lisebenza kumkhiqizo omkhulu we-Nits, hhayi ukukhishwa kwama-Nits. Ngakho-ke, nakuba uzobona ukuthi i-TV engu-1 000 ye-Nit ekwazi ukukhanya i-LED / i-LCD TV izobukeka ilula kune-TV ye-OLED uma kuthiwa bobabili babonisa i-Sun noma isibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka kakhulu, i-OLED TV izokwenza umsebenzi ongcono ekuboniseni izingxenye ezimnyama kakhulu isithombe esifanayo, ngakho-ke i-Dynamic Range jikelele (iphuzu elikude phakathi kwezinga elimhlophe elimhlophe nelingaphezulu lingase lifane).
Futhi, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-TV enikwe amandla ye-HDR engakwazi ukukhipha ama-Nits angu-1,000, eneprojekti yevidiyo ene-HDR engakwazi ukukhipha izibani ezingu-2 500 ze-ANSI, umphumela we-HDR ku-TV uzoba mkhulu kakhulu "ngokukhanya okubonakalayo".
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezinjengokubukwa ekamelweni elimnyama, ngokungafani nendawo evulekile, isayizi leskrini, ukubukeka kwesikrini (kubamaprosesa), nokuhlala ibanga, okungaphezulu noma okungaphansi kwe-Nit noma ukukhishwa kwe-Lumen kungadingeka ukuze uthole umthelela ofanayo oyithandayo .
Kubonjiniyela bevidiyo, kukhona umehluko phakathi kwamandla okukhishwa okukhanya phakathi kwephrojekithi esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be- LCD ne- DLP . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaprojekti e-LCD anamandla okuletha ukulinganisa okulinganayo okukhishwa kwamandla okukhishwa kokubili omhlophe nombala, kuyilapho abalingisi be-DLP abasebenzisa amasondo ombala bengenalo ikhono lokukhiqiza amazinga alinganayo okukhipha okukhanyayo nokukhanya kombala. Ukuze uthole okunye okuqondile, bhekani esihlokweni somngane wethu: Ama-Projectors Video neBrightness Brightness
I-Analogy Audio
Ukufaniswa okukodwa kokusuka kwe-HDR / Nits / Lumens inkinga ngendlela efanayo okufanele uhambele ukucaciswa kwamandla okukhulisa amandla ku-alalelwayo. Kungenxa yokuthi i-amplifier noma i-receiver yasekhaya yaseshashalazi ukuthi ihambisa ama-watts angu-100 ngesiteshi ngasinye, akusho ukuthi ithola amandla amaningi ngaleso sikhathi.
Nakuba amandla okukwazi ukukhipha ama-watts angu-100 anikezela ukuthi yini ongayilindela ukuphakama komculo noma i-movie soundtrack, isikhathi esiningi, ngamazwi, nomculo omkhulu nemisindo, lowo mkamukeli ofanayo udinga ukukhipha ama-watts angu-10 noma kanjalo ukuze uzwe okudingayo ukuzwa. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, bhekani esihlokweni sethu: Ukuqonda Imininingwane ye-Output Power Amplifier .
Ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokukhanya
Amaphrojekthi we-TV namavidiyo, ama-Nits ne-ANSI Lumens zombili izinyathelo zokukhishwa okukhanyayo (i-Luminance). Noma kunjalo, igama elithi uBrightness livumelana kuphi?
Ukukhanya akufani ne-Luminance yangempela (quotation light). Noma kunjalo, ukukhanya kungabhekiselwa njengokukwazi kombukeli ukuthola ukungafani ku-Luminance.
Ukukhanya kungabonakaliswa njengephesenti ekhanyayo kakhulu noma amaphesenti alula kancane avela endaweni yokukhomba (ngaphansi kokulawula ukukhanya kwe-TV noma iphrojekthi yevidiyo). Ngamanye amazwi, Ukukhanya kungukuhumusha okungezansi (okukhanyayo, okuncane kakhulu) kwe-Luminance ebonakalayo, hhayi i-Luminance eyenziwe yangempela.
Indlela yokulawula ukukhanya kweprojekti ye-TV noma yeVideo isebenza ngokulungisa inani lezinga elimnyama elibonakala esibukweni. Ukunciphisa "ukukhanya" kubangelwa ukwenza izingxenye ezimnyama zesithombe zibe mnyama, okwenza kube nemininingwane enciphise futhi "udaka" ubheke ezindaweni ezimnyama zesithombe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhulisa "ukukhanya" imiphumela yokwenza izingxenye ezimnyama zesithombe kufinyelele, okuholela ezindaweni ezimnyama zesithombe ezibonakala zibe grey, nesithombe sonke sibonakala sibhekile.
Nakuba ukukhanya akufani ne-Luminance yangempela eqinisekisiwe (okukhipha ukukhanya), bobabili abenzi beprojekthi ye-TV nevidiyo, kanye nababuyekezi bemikhiqizo, banomkhuba wokusebenzisa igama elithi Ukugqama njengokubamba-konke ukuze kube neminye imininingwane yobuchwepheshe echaza ukukhishwa kokukhanya, okufaka amaNits namaLumens. Isibonelo esisodwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-Epson kwegama elithi "Ukukhanya Kwambala" okukhulunywe ngaye ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko.
Izinkombandlela zokuPhuma kwe-TV nePlayer Light
Ukulinganisa ukukhishwa okukhanyayo ngokubhekisele ebuhlotsheni phakathi kwamaNit and Lumens amadili amaningi wezinombolo ne-physics, futhi ukuwafaka phansi kube incazelo emfushane akulula. Ngakho-ke, uma izinkampani ze-TV nevidiyo zephrojekithi zishaya abathengi ngemigomo enjengeNits and Lumens ngaphandle komongo, izinto zingahle zidideke.
Nokho, uma ucabangela ukukhishwa okukhanyayo, nansi ezinye iziqondiso zokugcina ingqondo.
Uma uthengisa i- 720p / 1080p noma i-Non-HDR 4K Ultra HD TV, ulwazi ku-Nits aluvami ukugqugquzelwa, kepha luhluka kusuka kuma-Nits 200 kuya ku-300, elikhanyayo ngokwanele kokuqukethwe komthombo wendabuko nemibandela eminingi yokukhanyisa indawo (nakuba i-3D uzobe ebonakala ngokufiphala). Lapho udinga ukucabangela ukulinganisa kwama-Nits ngokuqondile kunama-4K Ultra HD TV afaka i-HDR. Nakhu lapho ukukhishwa okukhanyayo kuphakeme, kungcono.
I-4K Ultra HD LED / I-LCD TV ehambisana ne-HDR, isilinganiso se-Nits 500 sihlinzeka ngomphumela we-HDR omncane (bheka ukubhala njenge-HDR Premium), nama-TV akhipha ama-Nits angu-700 azohlinzeka ngemiphumela engcono nge-HDR okuqukethwe. Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna umphumela ongcono kakhulu, ama-Nits angu-1000 yi-standard standard reference (bheka amalebuli afana ne-HDR1000), futhi ukuphuma kwe-Nits ekupheleni kwe-HDR LED / i-LCD TV kuyinkulungwane engu-2 000 (kuqala ngamanye ama-TV athulisiwe ngo-2017).
Uma uthengisa i-OLED TV, ukukhanya kwamanzi okukhishwa kwamanzi amaningi ku-600 AmaNits - njengamanje, wonke ama-TV e-OLED afanelekayo we-HDR adingeka ukuthi akwazi ukukhipha amazinga okukhanya okungenani ama-540 amaNithi. Noma kunjalo, ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-equation, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambilini, ama-TV e-OLED angabonisa abamnyama abamnyama, okuyi-TV / i-LCD TV ayikwazi - ukuze ukulinganiswa kwama-540 kuya ku-600 ku-OLED TV kungabonisa umphumela ongcono ngokuqukethwe kwe-HDR kune-LED / I-TV ye-LCD ingahlolwa ezingeni elifanayo le-Nits.
Kodwa-ke, nakuba i-600 Nit OLED TV no-1 000 Nit LED / i-LCD TV bangabonakala behlaba umxhwele, i-Nit 1,000 LED / i-LCD TV izokhipha umphumela omkhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekamelweni elihle. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambilini, amaNits angu-2,000 njengamanje yizinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokukhishwa elitholakala ku-TV, kodwa lokho kungabangela izithombe eziboniswe kakhulu kakhulu kubabukeli abathile.
Uma uthengisa iprojekti yevidiyo, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukukhishwa okukhanyayo okungu-1,000 ANSI Lumens kufanele kube okungenani okumele kucatshangelwe, kodwa abaprojekthi abaningi bayakwazi ukukhipha izibani ezingu-1,500 kuya ku-2,000 ze-ANSI, ezinikeza ukusebenza okungcono ekamelweni elingase lingabi khona akwazi ukwenza umnyama ngokuphelele. Futhi, uma ufaka i-3D ukuxuba, cabanga ngeprojekitha nge-2,000 noma ngaphezulu ukukhishwa kwezimpawu, njengoba izithombe ze-3D zihle kakhulu ngokwemvelo kunabalingani bazo be-2D.
Ama-projector video anikwe amandla we-HDR ayenawo "ukunemba kwephuzu-kuya-iphuzu" ngokuphathelene nezinto ezincane ezikhanyayo ngokumelene nesizinda somnyama. Isibonelo, i-HDR TV izobonisa izinkanyezi ngokubhekene nobusuku obumnyama obugqamile kakhulu kunokwenzeka kumprojekti we-HDR osekelwe kubathengi. Lokhu kubangelwa ngabaprojekthi abanenkinga yokubonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu endaweni encane kakhulu ngokuphathelene nesithombe esimnyama esiseduze.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu ye-HDR etholakalayo kuze kube manje (okwamanje ayifinyelele ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kwe-TV ye-Nit 1,000), udinga ukucubungula iphrojekthi ye-HDR enikwe amandla ye-HDR engakwazi ukukhipha okungenani izibani ezingu-2500 ze-ANSI. Njengamanje, ayikho i-HDR yokukhishwa okukhanya okusemthethweni kokukhipha amavidiyo we-consumer.
Okubalulekile
Izwi elilodwa lokugcina leseluleko, njengalokhu kunoma yikuphi ukucaciswa noma igama le-tech eliphonswa kuwe ngumenzi noma umthengisi, ungacabangi-ugcine engqondweni ukuthi i-Nits ne-Lumens ziyingxenye eyodwa ye-equation lapho ucabangela ukuthenga I-TV noma iprojekti yevidiyo .
Udinga ukucubungula yonke iphakheji, okungahlanganisi kuphela ukukhishwa okukhanyayo okushiwo, kodwa ukuthi wonke umfanekiso ubheka kuwe (ukukhanya okubonakalayo, umbala, umehluko, impendulo yokuhamba , i-angle yokubuka), lula ukusetha nokusetshenziswa, ikhwalithi yomsindo ( uma ungazisebenzisi uhlelo lwangaphandle lwomsindo ) nokuba khona kwezici ezengeziwe ezengeziwe (njengokungena kwe-inthanethi kuma-TV). Futhi khumbula ukuthi uma ufisa i-TV ene-HDR ehlomele, udinga ukuthatha izidingo zokufinyelela kokuqukethwe okucatshangwayo (ukukhipha okungu-4K ne- Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc ).