Kuyini i-LED? Ikhanyisa izinto ozithenga ngaso sonke isikhathi
Ama-LED akhona yonke indawo; kukhona ngisho nethuba elihle lokuthi ufunda lesi sihloko mayelana nama-LED ngokukhanya okukhishwe ku-LED eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, yikuphi lokho okuvezwa yi-LED noma kunjalo? Uzokwazi ukuthola.
Incazelo ye-LED
I-LED imele ukukhanya kwe-Light-Emitting Diode, idivayisi ye-elekthroni eyenziwe ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zempahla ye- semiconductor . Ngokufana nomqondo wezinto ezisetshenzisiwe nge-semiconductor ezisetshenziselwa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zekhompiyutha, njenge- RAM , iprosesa, kanye ne-transistors, ama-diode amadivaysi avumela ukugeleza kukagesi ukuba kwenzeke ngesinye isiqondiso esisodwa.
I-LED yenza into efanayo: Ivimbela ukugeleza kukagesi kolunye uhlangothi ngenkathi uyivumela ukuba ihambe ngokukhululekile kwenye. Uma ugesi ngendlela yama-electron uhamba ngaphesheya kokuhlangana phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zempahla ye-semiconductor, amandla anikezwa ngendlela yokukhanya.
Umlando we-LED
Isikweletu sokuqala kwesiboniso se-LED singe-Oleg Losev, umsunguli waseRussia owabonisa i-LED ngo-1927. Kuthatha cishe amashumi amane ngaphambi kokuba kusungulwe ukusetshenziswa, kodwa.
Ama-LED aqala ukuvela ezincwadini zezohwebo ngo-1962, lapho i- Texas Instruments yenza khona itholakale i-LED eyanikeza ukukhanya kumbono we-infrared. Lawa ma-LED okuqala asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi kumadivaysi okulawula okude, njengama-remotes ekuqaleni kwethelevishini .
I-LED yokuqala yokukhanya ebonakalayo nayo yavela ngo-1962, iveza ukukhanya okubomvu kodwa okubonakalayo okubomvu. Enye eyishumi yadlula ngaphambi kokuba ukukhanya kukhule kakhulu, futhi imibala eyengeziwe, ngokuyinhloko ephuzi nebomvu-orange, yenziwa itholakale.
Ama-LED aphuma ngo-1976 ngokusungula ukukhanya okuphezulu nokufanekisa okukhulu okungahle kusetshenziswe ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, kufaka phakathi ukuxhumana kanye nezinkomba ezinsimbi. Ekugcineni, ama-LED asetshenziselwa kubalwa njengezibonisi zezinombolo.
Blue, Red, Yellow, Red-Orange futhi Green Green Imibala Light
Ama-LED ngasekupheleni kwe-70s kanye nama-80s okuqala ayelinganiselwe imibala embalwa kuphela; obomvu, ophuzi, obomvu-orange, nohlaza kwakuyimilayezo evelele etholakalayo. Ngenkathi kungenzeka embukheni ukukhiqiza ama-LED anemibala ehlukene, izindleko zokukhiqiza zigcinwe ezengeziwe ku-spectrum yembala ye-LED kusukela ekukhiqizeni okuningi.
Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-LED okwenzela ukukhanya kwe-blue spectrum kuzovumela ama-LED ukuba asetshenziswe ngokubonisa imibala egcwele. Ukusesha kwakungenxa ye-LED ebonakalayo ebonakalayo yebhizinisi, okuyiyo, lapho ihlanganiswa nama-LED abomvu nephuzi, ingaveza imibala eminingi. Ukuqala kwe-LED okuphezulu okukhanyisa okwesibhakabhaka okwenziwe yi-LED okwenziwe yi-LED okwenziwe yi-debut ekuqaleni kuka-1994. I-High-power kanye ne-high-efficiency LED LEDs yabonakala eminyakeni embalwa kamuva.
Kodwa umqondo wokusebenzisa ama-LED wokubonisa ukukhanya kwe-spectrum awuzange ufike kude kakhulu kuze kuqalwe i-LED emhlophe, okwenzeka ngemva nje kokuphuma kwe-LED esebenzayo.
Nakuba ungabona igama le-LED TV noma i-LED yokuhlola, iningi lalezi zinhlobo zokubonisa zisebenzisa i-LCD (i-Liquid Crystal Display) yekhamera lokubonisa langempela, futhi isebenzisa ama-LED ukuze ukhanyise ama-LCD . Lokhu akusho ukuthi izibuko ezisekelwe yi-LED ezingokoqobo azitholakali kubaqaphi nama-TV ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-OLED (i-Organic LED) ; bavele bathambekele ekuthengeni imali futhi kunzima ukukhiqiza ngezikali ezinkulu. Kodwa njengoba inqubo yokukhiqiza iqhubeka ikhula, kanjalo nokukhanya kwe-LED.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-LED
Ubuchwepheshe be-LED buyaqhubeka buvuthiwe futhi ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwe-LED sekutholiwe kakade, kufaka phakathi:
- Ama-LED angathintekile asetshenziselwa ukulawula imishini. Hlola ukuthi kude kude kwe-TV; amathuba ukuthi kukhona i-infrared LED ekugcineni kwebhizinisi kwendawo eyikude.
- Ama-LED asetshenziswa njengezibonakaliso zokukhanyisa ezigumbini nemishini. Ngesinye isikhathi, izibani ze-neon ne-incandescent zazivame ukusetshenziswa. Manje ama-LED, asebenza kahle, abe nokuphila okude, futhi ngokuvamile ayabiza kakhulu, athathe lolu hlelo lokusebenza.
- Ama-LED asetshenziselwa ukubonisa, kufaka phakathi izibonisi ze-alphanumeric ezitholakala kukho konke kusukela kubalimi bokuqala kuya kumawashi, izimpawu zokukhangisa, nokubonisa ukuhamba. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi mhlawumbe umqapha wakho we-TV nomkhompiyutha usebenzisa ama-LED ukuze ukhanyise ukubonisa.
- Futhi-ke, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukukhanya; Ama-LED ahamba kahle ekuhambeni kwawo ngokugcwele esikhundleni sama-light incandescent aphethwe nguThomas Edison. Ngandlela-thile, i-fluorescents emakhaya nasezindaweni zokuhweba nayo ibona ukusetshenziswa kancane kancane.
I-LED izoqhubeka isetshenziselwa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, futhi ukusetshenziswa okusha kukhishwa ngaso sonke isikhathi.