Yini ongayithenga - nokuthi yini okufanele uyihlole
Esikhathini esedlule, amathuluzi okuxilonga imoto ayekhululekile kakhulu. Ngaphambi kuka-1996, isazi esizimele singalindela ukukhokha izinkulungwane zamaRandi ithuluzi elihambisana nokusebenza kwemoto eyodwa kuphela. Ngisho nangemva kokusungulwa kokuhlolwa kokubili kwe-II (OBD-II), amathuluzi wokuhlola okusebenzayo aqhubeka nokubiza izinkulungwane zamadola.
Namuhla, ungathenga umfundi wekhodi ikhodi engaphansi kwezindleko zetikithi ze-movie, futhi i-accessory efanele ingenza ifoni yakho ibe ithuluzi lokuskena . Njengoba ulwazi oluningi oluzodinga ukuhumusha amakhodi wezinkinga lungatholakala ku-intanethi, ukukhanya kwenjini yokuhlola akusekho ukushayela uhambo olusheshayo kumakhanikhi wakho.
Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge ithuluzi lokuxilonga imoto , kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ayilona uhlobo oluthile lomlingo we-magic. Uma ufaka ikhodi yokukhanya ye-injini yokuhlola injini, noma ngisho nethuluzi lochwepheshe lokuskena , akukutsheli ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani inkinga. Ezimweni eziningi, ngeke ikutshele nokuthi inkinga iyini. Okuzokwenza ukuthi kukunikeze ikhodi yenkinga, noma amakhodi amaningana, anikezela iphuzu eliqhelile kwinqubo yokuxilonga.
Iyini i-Check Engine Light?
Uma ukukhanya kwejenjini lakho kuvuleka, imoto yakho izama ukuxhumana ngendlela kuphela engayenza ngayo. Ezingeni eliyisisekelo kunazo zonke, ukukhanya kwenjini yokuhlola kubonisa ukuthi inzwa ethile, endaweni ethile enjini yakho, iphelile, noma isakaza, inikeze idatha engalindelekile kukhompyutha. Lokho kungabonisa inkinga ngesistimu inzwa inesibopho sokuqapha, inzwa engalungile, noma ngisho nokukhishwa kwe-wiring.
Kwezinye izimo, ukukhanya kwe-injini yokuhlola kungase kuvulekele bese ekugcineni kuvuleka ngaphandle kokungenelela kwangaphandle. Lokho akusho ukuthi inkinga isusile, noma ukuthi kwakungekho inkinga endaweni yokuqala. Eqinisweni, ulwazi mayelana nale nkinga ngokuvamile lisatholakala nge-code reader ngisho nangemva kokuba ukukhanya kuvele.
Indlela Yokuthola Ithuluzi Lokuthola Imoto
Kwakukhona isikhathi lapho abafundi bekhodi kanye nabathengi bekhodi bezitholakala kuphela ezinkampanini zethuluzi elikhethekile, ngakho-ke kwakunzima kakhulu kumnikazi wemoto ovamile ukuthi athole. Lokho kushintshile eminyakeni yamuva, futhi ungathenga abafundi bekhodi abangezibi kakhulu nethuluzi lokuskena kusuka ethengisini lokuthengisa kanye nezingxenye ezitolo, abathengisi be-inthanethi, nezinye izindawo eziningi.
Uma unesithakazelo ekuthengeni ithuluzi lokuxilonga imoto, ungase ukwazi ngisho ukuqasha noma ukuboleka eyodwa. Ezinye izingxenye zigcina kalula zibolekisa abafundi bekhodi mahhala, ngokuqonda ukuthi cishe uzothenga ezinye izingxenye kuzo uma ukwazi ukuthola inkinga.
Ezinye izitolo zamathuluzi namabhizinisi aqashisayo aqashisayo zingakunikeza ngamathuluzi okuhlola okuphezu okuphezulu kakhulu kunalokho okuzobiza ukuthenga eyodwa. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna okuthile ngaphandle komfundi wekhodi eyisisekelo, kodwa awufuni ukuchitha imali, okungenzeka kube yindlela yokukhetha.
Umehluko phakathi kuka-OBD-I no-OBD-II
Ngaphambi kokuthenga, ukuboleka, noma ukuqasha ithuluzi lokuxilonga imoto, kubalulekile nokuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-OBD-I ne-OBD-II. Izimoto ezakhiwe ngemuva kokufika kwezilawuli zekhompyutha, kodwa ngaphambi kuka-1996, zonke zihlangene ndawonye esigabeni se-OBD-I. Lezi zinhlelo azikho okuningi okungafani phakathi kokwenza okuhlukile, ngakho kubalulekile ukuthola ithuluzi lokuskena elenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukwenza, imodeli, kanye nonyaka wemoto yakho.
Izimoto ezikhiqizwa emva kuka-1996 zisebenzisa i-OBD-II, okuyindlela ehlelekile eyenza inqubo ibe yiningi. Lezi zimoto zonke zisebenzisa isixhumi esivamile sokuxilonga kanye nesethi yamakhodi enkingeni jikelele.
Abakhi bangakhetha ukuhamba ngenhla nangaphezulu kwezinto eziyisisekelo, okubangelwa amakhodi athile aqondene nomkhiqizi, kepha ukulawula kwesithupha kungukuthi ungasebenzisa noma yiliphi umfundi wekhodi ye-OBD-II kunoma imuphi imoto eyenziwa ngemva kuka-1996.
Ukuthola kuphi ukuvula Ithuluzi lokuxilonga
Uma usubeke izandla zakho kumfundi wekhodi yokukhanyisa ukukhanya noma ithuluzi lokuskena , isinyathelo sokuqala ekusebenziseni ukuthola indawo yokuxilonga . Izimoto ezindala ezihlomele izinhlelo ze-OBD-I zitholakala kulezi zixhumanisi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezindawo, kuhlanganise ngaphansi kwedeshibhodi, egumbini lejinjini, nasezindaweni eziseduze noma eziseduze ne-fuse block.
I-OBD-I izixhumi zokuxilonga nazo ziza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene nobukhulu. Uma ubheka ipulaki kuthebhu yakho yeskena, kufanele ukwazi ukuthola umqondo omuhle walokho okumele ubheke ngokobukhulu nokuma kwesikhangisi sokuxilonga.
Uma imoto yakho ifakwe i-OBD-II, khona-ke isixhumi sizotholakala ngaphansi kwedeshibhodi ngakwesokunxele kwekholomu yokuqondisa. Isikhundla singahluka kusuka kumodeli owodwa kuya kwesinye, futhi angase angcwatshwe ngokujulile. Kwezinye izimo, ungathola ukuthi isixhumi sokuxilonga sifike ngisho nephaneli noma ipulaki.
Isixhumi sizobe sesigxathu noma senziwe njenge-traszoid ye-isosceles. Iphinde ibe nezikhonkwane eziyishumi nesithupha ezilungiselelwe emigqeni emibili yesishiyagalombili.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, isixhumi sakho se-OBD-II singase sibe khona nakwi-console yesikhungo, ngemuva kwe-ashtray, noma kwezinye kunzima ukuthola izindawo. Isikhundla esithile sizovame ukurekhodwa kubhukwana lomnikazi uma kunzima ukukuthola.
Ukusebenzisa i-Check Engine Light Code Reader
Njengoba ukhiye wokukhanyisa uvaliwe noma ususiwe, ungafaka ngobumnene ipulagi yakho yokufunda ikhodi kwisixhumi sokuxilonga. Uma ingabe isilayidi kalula, khona-ke qiniseka ukuthi i-plug ayiphakamisi futhi ukuthi uhlonze kahle i-OBD-II isixhumi.
Njengoba isixhumi sokuxilonga sixhunyiwe ngokuvikelekile, ungafaka ukhiye wakho wokukhanyisa uphinde uwuyise endaweni. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka amandla kumfundi wekhodi. Kuye kudivayisi ethize, kungase kukugqugquzele ngolunye ulwazi ngaleso sikhathi. Kungase kudingeke ufake i-VIN, uhlobo lwenjini, noma olunye ulwazi.
Ngaleso sikhathi, umfundi wekhodi uzobe esekulungele ukwenza umsebenzi wayo. Idivayisi eyisisekelo kakhulu izomane ikunikeze noma yimaphi amakhodi agcinwe, kanti amanye amathuluzi wokuskena azokunika ithuba lokufunda amakhodi enkingeni noma ukubuka enye idatha.
Ukuhumusha Hlola Engine Engine Amakhodi
Uma unomfundi wekhodi eyisisekelo, kuzodingeka ubhale phansi amakhodi enkingeni bese wenza ucwaningo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uthola ikhodi P0401, ukusesha kwe-intanethi okusheshayo kuzoveza ukuthi kubonisa iphutha kwelinye lamaseyi e-oxygen sensor heater. Lokho akutsheli kahle ukuthi yini engalungile, kodwa yindawo enhle yokuqala.
Amanye amathuluzi wokuskena asethuthukile kakhulu. Uma ufinyelele kwenye yalezi, ithuluzi lingakwazi ukukutshela kahle ukuthi ikhodi isho ukuthini. Kwezinye izimo, kuzokunikeza nenqubo yokuxazulula inkinga.
Izinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unomfundi we-code eyisisekelo, noma ithuluzi lokukhipha amafancy, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukucacisa ukuthi kungani ikhodi yakho yenkinga isethwe kuqala. Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ukubuka izimbangela ezikhona futhi uphinde ulawule ngamunye. Uma ungathola inqubo yangempela yokuxazulula inkinga, kungcono nakakhulu.
Ukuthatha isibonelo sangaphambili sekhodi yezinkinga ze-P0401, uphenyo oluqhubekayo luyoveza ukuthi lubonisa ukujikeleza kwensimu ye-oksijeni yokushisa komshini ebhange elilodwa inzwa ezimbili. Lokhu kungabangelwa isici sokushisa esingasebenzi, noma kungaba yinkinga nge-wiring.
Kulesi simo, inqubo eyisisekelo yokuxazulula izinkinga kuyoba ukuhlola ukumelana kwesici se-heater, noma ukuqinisekisa noma ukukhipha inkinga lapho, bese uhlola i-wiring. Uma i-heater element isheshe, noma ikhombisa ukufundwa okungekho ebangeni elilindelekile, ukufaka esikhundleni senzwa yomoya-mpilo kungase kulungiselele inkinga. Uma kungenjalo, ukuxilongwa kuzoqhubeka.
Ukuqeda umsebenzi
Ngaphandle kokumane ufunde amakhodi, iningi labafundi bekhodi yokukhanyisa ikhodi yokukhanya lingenza futhi imisebenzi embalwa ebalulekile. Enye imisebenzi enjalo ikhono lokususa wonke amakhodi enkathazo egcinwe, okumele ukwenze ngemuva kokuthi uzame ukulungisa. Ngaleyo ndlela, uma ikhodi efanayo ibuya emuva kamuva, uzokwazi ukuthi inkinga ayikwenziwe ngempela.
Abanye abafundi bekhodi, nabo bonke amathuluzi wokuskena, bangafinyelela futhi idatha ebukhoma kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo zezinzwa ngenkathi injini isebenza. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlonza okunzima kakhulu, noma ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungiswa empeleni kunqume inkinga, ungabheka le datha ukuze ubone ulwazi olusuka kumzwa othile othize ngesikhathi sangempela.
Abafundi abaningi bekhodi bayakwazi futhi ukukhombisa isimo sokuqapha ngabanye. Labaqaphi bahlelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo uma usula amakhodi noma uma ibhethri ixhunyiwe. Yingakho ungeke nje unqamule ibhethri noma usule amakhodi ngaphambi kokukhipha ukukhishwa kwakho. Ngakho-ke uma udinga ukuphuma emkhathini, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuqinisekisa isimo sokuqapha kuqala.