Kunezikole ezimbalwa zokuncintisana ezicatshangelwayo mayelana nemiphumela yamandla amakhulu kagesi, kungaba ngesimo sokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP noma into yemvelo efana ne-coronal mass ejection, ezimotweni namaloli.
Ukuhlakanipha okuvamile ukuthi uma imoto yakho inamakhompiyutha okwakungaba yi-toast emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP, lapho umqondo wokuthi izimoto zakha ngesikhathi nangemva kweminyaka yama-1980 azikho i-EMP-ephephile. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlolwa kwezwe langempela nge-EMP simulators kuye kwakha imiphumela ehlanganisiwe.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi ikamu owela kulo, inkinga enkulu kakhulu ukuthi ngemva kokuhlaselwa okukhulu kwe-EMP, noma ukulimala okukhulu kwe-coronal mass, kungenzeka ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezinto kuzokwenziwa ngokungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi. Lokho kusho ukuthi noma ngabe imoto yakho izosinda ekuhlaselweni kwe-EMP, uzobe ushiywe umcibisholo noma kunjalo ngaphandle komthombo osebenzayo.
Kuyini i-Emp?
I-EMP imele ukushisa kwe-electromagnetic, futhi ngokuyisisekelo nje ibhekisela ekugqibeni okukhulu kwamandla kagesi kumkhawulo okungenzeka ukuphazamise, noma ukulimaza unomphela, noma iyiphi i-electronics ehlangana nayo.
Ama-solar ama-solar adalwe ama-EMP awonakele ama-satellite esikhathini esidlule, futhi izikhali nazo zakhiwe ukukhubaza imoto ngokukhululeka ngokukhiqiza amandla okushisa kagesi.
Lapho abantu bekhuluma ngokuhlasela kwe-EMP, babhekisela kwenye yezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zezikhali. Iyokuqala iyimvelo yenukliya, futhi ihlanganisa ukukhishwa kungazelelwe kwamandla amakhulu kagesi ngokulandela ukuthunjwa kwezinto zenuzi.
Esikhathini esisodwa esivamile sokuqothulwa kwezinhlekelele, izikhali eziningana zezikhali zenuzi, ezibizwa ngokuthi amadivaysi aphakeme kakhulu e-electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) zingasuswa phezu kwezwekazi lase-United States. Lokhu kuzokhipha yonke igridi yamandla nokulimaza ama-electronic angashiywe kulo lonke izwe.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-EMP lokuhlasela luhilela isikhali esingeyona yenukliya. Lawa madivaysi asebenzisa izindlela ezingezona zenuzi ukufeza ukukhishwa kwamandla amaningi kagesi, ikakhulukazi nokusetshenziswa kwezakhi ezifana ne-capacitor bank kanye ne-microwave generator.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukwesaba okuhlobene nokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP ukuthi ukuphakama kwamandla kagesi kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwamadivayisi kagesi. Amanye amadivaysi angavala isikhathi okwesikhashana, amanye angase asebenze kabi, futhi izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-elekthronikhi nekhompyutha zingahle zonakaliswe noma zibhujiswe unomphela.
EMP Izimoto Eziphephile
Njengoba umqondo ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP ukukhipha i-electronics eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izimoto zanamuhla namaloli zigcwele ama-electronics, ukuhlakanipha okuvamile ukuthi noma yikuphi imoto eyakhiwe kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1980 ingase ibe yingozi kwi-EMP. Ngencazelo efanayo, izimoto ezintsha ezithembeke kakhulu kwi-electronics cishe ziyolimala uma kwenzeka kuhlasela.
Izimoto zanamuhla zisebenzisa izinhlelo eziningi ezilawulwa ngekhompiyutha, kusukela ekujuleni kwamagesi kuya ekulawulweni kokudlulisa nokunye okuphakathi, ngakho kubonakala kungengqondo ukuthi i-EMP enamandla ingashintsha imoto yanamuhla ibe iphepha elibizayo ngokuvala uhlelo lwegesi noma ukulimaza unomphela it.
Ngokusho kwalolu logical, izimoto ezindala ezingasetshenziselwa izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-electronics kufanele ziphephe ekuhlaselweni kwe-EMP. Kodwa-ke, inani eliphansi lokuhlolwa kwezwe langempela eliye lenziwe ngempela alihambisani nalokhu okucatshangelwayo.
Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezimoto ku-EMP Ukuhlaselwa
Ngokusho kwedatha evela kuKomishana ye-EMP, ukuhlakanipha okuvamile kungase kungalungile, noma okungenani kungalungile ngokuphelele. Esifundweni esakhishwe ngo-2004, iKhomishana ye-EMP yahambisa izimoto ezingu-37 namaloli ukuze kuhlaselwe ukuhlaselwa kwe-EMP futhi yathola ukuthi akekho noyedwa owaba nomonakalo onomphela, onobungozi, nakuba imiphumela yayixutshwe.
Ucwaningo lwafaka izimoto zokwenza ukuhlaselwa kwe-EMP okwenziwe ngesikhathi zivalwa futhi ngenkathi zigijima, futhi zathola ukuthi ayikho enye yezimoto eziye zabhekana nanoma yikuphi ukulimala uma kuhlasela kwenzeka ngesikhathi injini isusiwe. Ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa ngesikhathi izimoto zigijima, ezinye zazo zavalwa, kanti ezinye zabhekana nezinye izimo ezifana nezibani zokukhwabanisa ngokungalungile.
Nakuba ezinye zezinjini zafa lapho zitholwa i-EMP, izimoto zomgibeli ngamunye ezihlolwe yiKhomishini ye-EMP zaqala ukubuyela emuva.
Ucwaningo oluthola ukusikisela ukuthi amaphesenti angama-90 emoto emgwaqweni ngo-2004 ayengeke ahlupheke nakancane nhlobo kusukela e-EMP, kanti amaphesenti angu-10 angase agweme noma ahlupheke omunye umphumela omubi ongadinga ukungenelela komshayeli. Leyo nombolo ngokungangabazeki ikhuphukile eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo ngoba kunezimoto eziningi emgwaqweni namuhla ezisebenzisa imishini eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ayikho enye yezimoto ezivivinywa yi-EMP ikhomishana eyalimala unomphela.
Kungani ukuhlolwa kukaKhomishana ka-EMP kungabonakali ngezeMoto ngezeMoto?
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa ezingenzeka ukuthi kungani ama-elekthronikhi emotweni ethu angase abe namandla kakhulu kunokuba sibanike isikweletu. Okokuqala ukuthi i-electronics ezimotweni namaloli sezivele zivikelekile, kanti futhi zivame ukuba ziqinile kangcono kunamakhompiyutha amaningi abathengi ngenxa yezimo ezibucayi abazitholayo ngenkathi emgwaqweni.
Esinye isici esingasiza ukuvikela i-elekthronikhi emotweni ukuthi umzimba wensimbi yemoto ungenza njengendawo encane ye-Faraday. Yingakho ungasinda imoto yakho ishaywa ngombani, futhi yingakho futhi ama-antenna emotweni yemoto atholakala ngaphandle, kunokuba ngaphakathi, imoto. Yiqiniso, imoto yakho ayiyona indawo ephelele ye-Faraday, noma ngeke ukwazi ukwenza futhi wamukele amakholi weselula.
Kuphephile kangcono kune-Sorry ku-Attack ye-EMP?
Nakuba engekho yezimoto ezivivinywa yiKhomishana ye-EMP ngo-2004, kwaba nokulimala okuhlala njalo noma okulimazayo, kanti enye yamaloli ayidinga i-tow, lokho akusho ukuthi izimoto zivikelekile ngokuphelele ku-EMP. Izimoto ezakhiwe eminyakeni eyishumi kusukela isifundo seKhomishana ye-EMP singasengozini kakhulu, ngenxa yokusebenzisa ama-electronics angaphezulu, noma kungasengozi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuvimbela okunamandla kusuka ekuphazamiseni kwe-elektroniki.
Kunoma yikuphi, iqiniso lokuthi ngenkathi kungenzeka ukuthi i-EMP ingalimaza i-electronics emotweni noma ngeloli, ayikho i-electronics ebalulekile ekulimazeni ezimotweni ezindala. Yilapho i-adage yakudala "ephephile kangcono kune-sorry" idlala.
I-Safest Vehicle ngemuva kokuhlasela kwe-EMP
Nakuba ukuhlolwa kwezwe langempela kubonakala sengathi kubonisa ukuthi izimoto eziningi zanamuhla namaloli zizoqala futhi zihambe kahle emva kokuhlasela kwe-EMP, kunezinye izici ezimbalwa ezifuna ukucatshangelwa. Ngokwesibonelo, izimoto ezindala namaloli zilula, kulula ukusebenzela, futhi ngokuvamile zilula ukuthola izingxenye. Futhi esimweni esibucayi kakhulu, emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-EMP, kunengxabano ecacile yokwenzelwa imoto endala, ethembekile ongayisebenzela yona.
Olunye udaba oluyinhloko lokucatshangelwa ukuthi uma yonke igridi yamandla isuswa phansi, ukukhiqizwa kwephethiloli nokunikezwa kuyophinde kufile emanzini ize ibuyele emuva. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzobe unamathele kunoma yikuphi ukushisa okukhona, lapho ukwazi khona ukwenza i-ethanol noma i-biodiesel ekhaya kungafika kakhulu.