Ubuchwepheshe Buqala Ukwenza I-Ethanol ne-Biodiesel Ekhaya
Umbuzo: Kungenzeka yini ukwenza uphethiloli wemoto yami ekhaya?
Ukubukela ezinye zalezi zingoko kubonisa ukuthi i-Doomsday Preppers ne-fantasy ibonisa njenge-Walking Dead, futhi ngizibuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba wenze uphethiloli wemoto wena ekhaya. Ngiyazi ukuthi cishe awukwazi ukwenza igesi, kodwa uzwa ngezimoto ezigijima emanzini noma ezinye izinto, futhi kungenza ngizibuze ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukwenza uhlobo oluthile lwamapetroli ekhaya ukuze nje ngisindise imali noma uma nje ngiya isiteshi segesi selokhu sayeka ukuzikhethela. Uhlobo luni lobuchwepheshe obungadingeka ukuze wenze uphethiloli wakho?
Impendulo:
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna nje uphethiloli ohlukile, noma uchitha izinsuku zakho ucabanga ngezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-apocalyptic, kunezinketho ezimbili kuphela ezisebenzayo nobuchwepheshe esivele sinezimoto zethu namaloli. I-Ethanol yiyona eyinhloko ye-non-petroleum stand-in for gasoline, kanti i-biodiesel yindlela ehlukile ye-petrodiesel ongayisebenzisa enjini ye-diesel ngaphandle kokushintshwa okudingekayo .
Nakuba kungenzeka ukwenza kokubili i-ethanol ne-biodiesel ekhaya, futhi eziningi ze-preppers zangempela zenza kanjalo noma zibe nemishini ekulungele ukwenza kanjalo uma kwenzeka kakhulu, kunezinkinga eziningi zokungena, ukulawula, nokuphepha okudingayo cabanga ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukukhiqiza. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi cishe ngeke ulondoloze noma iyiphi imali eyenza i-ethanol noma i-biodiesel ekhaya, ngokuqhathaniswa nokuthenga igesi noma i-petrodiesel esiteshini segesi, ngaphandle uma ngabe ngandlela-thile ube nesitolo sokudla esitholakalayo mahhala.
Ngokuqondene nobuchwepheshe, okwenza uphethiloli ekhaya kudinga ulwazi oluthe xaxa, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nezindleko zokudla ezibizayo, kodwa ubuchwepheshe buyisisekelo esihle. Ukwenza uphuzo utshwala kudinga uhlobo oluthile lwamanje, futhi ukwenza i-biodiesel kudinga amakhemikhali afana ne-methanol ne-lye, kodwa akukho ubuchwepheshe beqiniso ukukhuluma ngaphandle kwendlela ethile yokuhlola umkhiqizo wokugcina.
Ukwenza i-Ethanol ekhaya
Inqubo yokwenza i-ethanol ekhaya iyafana nokwenza utshwala obuningi, ngakho-ke kukhona ukukhathazeka okufanayo okulawulwayo. Uma nje usungula isisele kusendlini yakho, ikakhulukazi uma ukusebenza kwakho kunkulu ngokwanele ukukhipha noma yikuphi inani eliwusizo lwe-ethanol fuel, ungaphelela enkingeni ngemifino. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uhlela ukukhiqiza okungaphezu kuka-10 000 amalitha kagesi kotshwala ngonyaka wonyaka we-United States, i-Taxi and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau idinga ukuba uthole isibopho.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuze utshwala obunikazi, kudingeka futhi ukuyiqhathanisa, noma uyinikeze engafanele ukusetshenziswa komuntu, ngokungeza into efana ne-parafini noma i-naphtha. Yilokho okwehlukanisa ngokusemthethweni ukuphuza utshwala obushushu obuphuzayo, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuhlanza utshwala obuqothulwa ngesidakamizwa ngendlela efanayo esetshenziselwa ukususa utshwala kuqala.
Imithethonqubo ethize yokukhiqiza nokwehliswa kotshwala kotshwala itholakala ku-Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. Amanye amazwe anemithetho ehlukile noma ayikho imithethonhlobo nhlobo, ngakho-ke njalo kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlola imithetho ohlala kuyo ngaphambi kokuqala iphrojekthi efana nalokhu.
Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-distilling i-moonshine namafutha kagesi yi-ethanol okuhloswe ukuthi isetshenziswe njengamafutha kufanele abe ubufakazi obukhulu kunabo bonke i-ethanol ehloselwe ukusetshenziswa komuntu. Ukuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphansi kungaphumelela ngokusebenzisa ama-distillation amaningi, kodwa kukhona nezihlungi ezikwazi ukususa okuqukethwe kwamanzi kusuka kulesoyela utshwala. Eqinisweni, abanye abantu abagijima nge-ethanol ezimotweni zabo basebenzisa izihlungi ze-inthanethi ukuze bahlukanise amanzi nanoma yikuphi i-gunk e-ethanol, esebenza njengexazululwazi, ilahlekile emotweni kanye nasemigqeni.
Inqubo ethize yokwenza amafutha okushisa afana nokwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lophuza utshwala. Iqala nge-feedstock, okungaba yikuphi okuvela kummbila nokolweni, okusetshenziselwa ukwenza i-bourbon, ukushintsha i-switchgrass noma i-artichokes yaseJerusalema. I-feedstock isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-mash, eyenza ushukela kanye nesimiso sokunwa utshwala, okube sekudlulela emanzini.
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokukhiqiza uphuzo utshwala ukusebenzisa ikholomu namanje, njengoba kungadingeka ukuthi ugijime 10 noma ngaphezulu udlula embizeni ukuze uzuze ubufakazi obanele. Akukona kuphela ukuthi amandla angasebenzi kahle, futhi kuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwe-ethanol, njengoba abanye belahlekile kudlula ngalinye.
Ukuthola Izinsana Zokudla Ukukhiqiza I-Fuel Utshwala Ekhaya
Inkinga enkulu yokwenza utshwala ekhaya, noma manje noma esikhathini esithile esiyingozi, i-apocalyptic, i-feedstock. Ukuze udale u-mash ongawasebenzisa ube yiphuzo lokuphuza utshwala, udinga uhlobo oluthile lokusanhlamvu noma ezinye izinto zokutshala ngokuningi. Uma unefama elisebenzayo, okunye okukhethwa kukho ukuthatha ummbila noma ezinye izitshalo ozikhulile noma ezivuniwe, zisebenzise ukwenza i-mash, bese usebenzisa ukwaziswa okusele ukuze ukondle imfuyo.
Enye indlela ukukhula isitshalo ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni uphethiloli utshwala. Ummbila njengamanje isitshalo esisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ethanol e-United States, futhi i-acre ngayinye ezinikezele kulokhu kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza cishe amakhilogremu angu-328 e-ethanol unyaka ngamunye. Ezinye izitshalo, ezifana ne-switchgrass, zinekhono lokusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngokusho koMnyango Wezamandla wase-United States, isivuno se-switchgrass siye safaka amamitha angu-500 ngehektare, futhi izimo ezinhle zingaveza okungaphezu kwamagremu angu-1 000 e-ethanol ngayinye ye-switchgrass.
Uma ungenayo i-acreage yokuzinikela ekutshaleni ummbila, i-switchgrass, i-sugar beet, noma yini enye, okwenza uketshezi utshwala ekhaya ngeke kube yiprojekthi ebonakalayo.
Ukwenza i-Biodiesel ekhaya
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamafutha okupheka kanye ne-biodiesel. Amafutha okupheka, amafutha wemifino eqondile (i-SVO), amafutha omfucumfucu wemifino (WVO) kanye nemikhiqizo efanayo, etholakala emzilwaneni yikho konke okukwazi ukufaka injini ye-diesel, kodwa akuyona i-biodiesel. Ngesikhathi amafutha okupheka, i-SVO, kanye nezinto ezifanayo ziqoqwa bese zisetshenziswe njengamafutha, i-biodiesel ishintshwe ukuze ihlinzekwe ngendlela efana ne-petrodiesel.
Nakuba ungaqoqa amafutha omfucumfucu, noma amafutha okupheka, kusuka ezindaweni zokudlela zendawo bese ugijima emotweni yakho, kungase kudingeke uguqule injini yakho ye-diesel ukwenza kanjalo. Uma sekulungisiwe ukulungiswa okufanele, inqubo yokwenza "uphethiloli" ophuma emafutheni okupheka ilula kakhulu. Ukuze unikeze amafutha okupheka asetshenziselwe ukusetshenziswa njengephethiloli, konke okumele ukwenze ukuhlunga udaba lwama-particulate.
Ukwenza i-biodiesel kusuka ku-SVO noma i-WVO kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kuhilela "ukuchoboza" isakhiwo samakhemikhali samafutha noma amafutha usebenzisa i-methanol ne-lye. Le nqubo ayinzima kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqapha ezidingekayo, njengoba kokubili i-methanol ne-lye kuyizinto ezinobuthi.
Inqubo yokwenza i-biodiesel evela ku-SVO, ngokwemigomo eyisisekelo, iqala ngokushisa amafutha. Imali ecacile ye-methanol ne-lye ixutshwe ndawonye futhi yengezwe kumafutha, okusiza inqubo yamakhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-transesterification. Umphumela wale nqubo wukuthi uphela ngemikhiqizo emibili: i-biodiesel ne-glycerine, ehlukanisa futhi ihlele phansi engxenyeni. Okokugcina, i-biodiesel kufanele igeze futhi isomiswe ngaphambi kokuthi ilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuthola Imithi Yokudla Yokukhiqiza I-Biodiesel Ekhaya
Into enhle mayelana ne-biodiesel yukuthi ungayifaka emanzini amaningi emifino nemifino yezilwane, futhi ungase ukwazi ngisho nokuthola ama-feedstock mahhala kusuka kokudla kwendawo. Inqubo yokuthola i-feedstock ilula njengokuxhumana nezindawo zokudlela zendawo, ibuza ukuthi ungaba namafutha ayo okupheka, bese uthola indlela yokuyihambisa ekhaya.
Awukho umthombo omile wamafutha okupheka, okumele uthole ukuphakelayo ukuze wenze i-biodiesel yakho ibe yinkimbinkimbi. Ngenkathi ungakwazi ukuguqula uhlobo oluthile lwe-SVO ibe yi-biodiesel, ukuthenga amafutha yemifino kule nhloso ethize akusho eshibhile.
Enye indlela yokwenza amafutha omquba akho, okudinga umshini oshisayo, kodwa-ke ungena enkingeni yokuthola i-feedstock ukuze udale amafutha-njengamafutha omnyama we-sunflower-okuzodinga ukuthenga noma ukukhula. Konke okungenzeka nakanjani, ikakhulukazi ku-zombie apocalypse noma kwesinye isimo se-SHTF, ngemuva kokuba ezinye izinsiza ziphelile. Kulapha futhi manje, kuncane kakhulu kwezomnotho okufinyelelekayo.