I-Onboard Diagnostics II (OBD-II) uhlelo oluhlelwe ukuthi amakhompiyutha angena emotweni namaloli asebenzisa ukuzitholela ukuhlolwa nokubika. Lesi simiso sakhula emithethweni yeCaliber Air Resources Board (CARB), futhi saqaliswa ngokucaciswa okwakhiwa yiSosa of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
Ngokungafani ngaphambili, izinhlelo ze-OBD-I eziqondene ne-OEM, izinhlelo ze-OBD-II zisebenzisa izinqubo ezifanayo zokuxhumana, izinkomba zekhodi, kanye nezixhumi ezivela kumkhiqizi oyedwa kuya kwesinye. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi isithwebuli esisodwa se-OBD-II sihlinzekele ukufinyelela kwedatha ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zikwazi ukuhlinzekela kuzo zonke izinkampani kanye nemodeli yezimoto ezikhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1996, okwakungowonyaka wokuqala wemodeli ukuthi i-OBD-II yayadingeka ebhodini.
Izinhlobo ze-OBD-II Scanners
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyisisekelo ze-OBD-II scanners ozohlangana nazo zasendle.
- Ikhodi yabafundi
- Abafundi bekhodi ye-OBD-II ngokuvamile ayithengi, ama-no-frills amadivayisi angakwazi ukufunda nokucacisa amakhodi kusuka kunoma imuphi imoto ene-OBD-II. Lawa madivaysi anemikhawulo embalwa ekhona yokuthi ngokuvamile ayinalo ulwazi oluthile ngamakhodi akhethekile futhi anikeze okulinganiselwe (noma cha) ukufinyelela kwenye idatha.
- Amathuluzi okuskena
- Amathuluzi wokubheka i-OBD-II ayabiza kakhulu, futhi anganikela ngezici ezihlukahlukene. Amathuluzi okuskena anganikeza ukufinyelela okungaphezulu noma ulwazi mayelana namakhodi athile aqondene nomkhiqizi, unikeze ukufinyelela okubanzi, okukwazi ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukuze kuphile idatha futhi kurekhodiwe futhi unikeze ulwazi oluphambili lokuxazulula inkinga.
Yini Engayenza I-OBD-II Scanner Do?
Ukusebenza kwesithwebuli se-OBD-II kuncike ekutheni kuyisisekelo se-"reader code" noma "ithuluzi lokuskena" eliphambili. Abafundi bamakhodi ayisisekelo bangakwazi ukufunda nokucacisa amakhodi kuphela, kanti amathuluzi eskripthi aphezulu angabuye abuke idatha ephilayo futhi eqoshiwe, unikeze izisekelo ezinolwazi olunzulu, unikeze ukufinyelela kokulawulwa kwezivivinyo nokuhlolwa, nokunye ukusebenza okuphambili.
Wonke amathuluzi okubuka i-OBD-II anikeza ukusebenza okuyisisekelo, okufaka ikhono lokufunda nokucacisa amakhodi. Lezi zithwebuli zinganika futhi ikhono lokuhlola amakhodi alindile, noma athambile, angazange asebenze ukukhanyisa injini yokuhlola okwamanje, futhi anikeze ukufinyelela kulwazi lomniningwane. Idatha esuka cishe yonke inzwa enikeza okokufaka kukhompyutheni yebhodi ingabonwa nge-scanner ye-OBD-II, futhi amanye ama-scanner angasetha uhlu lwama-ID we-parameter (PIDs). Amanye ama-scanner nawo anikezela ukufinyelela kokuqapha okulindelekile nolunye ulwazi.
I-OBD-II Scanners isebenza kanjani?
Njengoba izinhlelo ze-OBD-II zihleliwe, ama-scanner e-OBD-II alula ukuwasebenzisa. Bonke basebenzisa isixhumi esifanayo, esichazwa yiSAE J1962. Amathuluzi ayisisekelo wokuskena asebenza ngokumane ufake i-plug universal kwisixhumi se-OBD-II sokuxilonga emotweni. Amanye amathuluzi okuskena aphezulu afaka phakathi okhiye noma amamojula adlulisela uxhumano jikelele ukuze afinyelele noma ahlanganyele nolwazi oluqondile lwe-OEM noma izilawuli.
Ukukhetha i-OBD-II Scanner kwesokudla
Uma ungumnikazi wemoto eyakhelwe ngemva kuka-1996 futhi wenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi kukho, noma ukugcina imali noma nje ngoba ujabulela ukuthola izandla zakho zingcolile, isithwebuli se-OBD-II singaba ngaphezu kokubalulekile ebhokisini lakho lamathuluzi. Kodwa-ke, lokho akusho ukuthi yonke imishini yomnyango kufanele ihambe iphinde ilahle imali engu-20,000 ku-thuluzi eliphezulu lokuskena kusukela ku-Snap-on noma ku-Mac.
I-self-mechanics inezinketho eziningi ezingabizi ukuhlola, ngakho-ke uzofuna ukuzihlola ngaphambi kokuthenga. Ngokwesibonelo, izingxenye eziningi ezitolo zizohlola amakhodi akho mahhala, futhi ungathola ulwazi oluningi lokuxilonga mahhala ku-Inthanethi. Ezimweni eziningi, lokho kungaba yilokho okudingayo.
Uma ufuna ukuguquguquka okunye okuncane, kunezinketho ezincane ezithathaniswa nethuluzi lokuskena ongabheka. Abafundi bamakhodi azinikezele futhi abanikezela ukufinyelela kuma-PID kuyindlela eyodwa yokubheka, futhi ungakwazi ukuthola okuhloniphekile ngaphansi kwe $ 100. Enye indlela, ikakhulukazi uma une-smartphone ehloniphekile ye-Android, i- ELM 327 ye-Bluetooth scanner , okuyindlela ephansi kakhulu ekusebenzeni okufanayo.