Imiphumela ingase ikumangele
Izingcingo zesikhulumi kanye nomthelela wazo kumsindo kungaba yindaba ephikisana kakhulu evame ukuxoxa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Lapho ekhuluma ngezivivinyo zekhebula ku-Allan Devantier, umphathi wezocwaningo ze-acoustic eHarman International (abenzi be- receiver Harman Kardon , i-JBL ne- Infinity izikhulumi , nezinye izinto eziningi ze-audio), sangena engxoxweni ejulile. Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ubonise ngokubheka ukuthi ubuciko - okungenani ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu - izingcingo zesikhulumi zingenza umehluko obonakalayo ekuzweni kwesistimu yakho?
Ulwazi oluthile lwendawo
Okokuqala, umshicileli: asinayo umbono oqinile mayelana nezinkambo zesipikha. Senze izivivinyo eziyimpumputhe (umagazini we- Home Theatre ) lapho amaphiko aphakamisa izintandokazi eziqhubekayo zezintambo ezithile phezu kwabanye. Noma kunjalo asivamile ukukhathazeka ngakho.
Abanye abantu bangazizwa besaba yizinhlangothi zombili zesiphakamiso sekhebula lesikhulumi. Kunezincwadi ezithinta ngokubambisana ukuthi izingcingo zesiphakamisi azenzi umehluko. Futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungathola ezinye iziphakamiso zesikhathi eside zokubuyekezwa komsindo zabahlaziyi bezwi, izincazelo ezicacile, ezicacile zohluka "umsindo" wezinkambo zesipikha. Kubonakala kuningi ukuthi izinhlangothi zombili zivikela izikhundla ezigxile kunokuba zibandakanye umzamo oqotho, ovulekile wokufuna iqiniso.
Ngaphandle uma uzibuza, yilokhu esikusebenzisa ngabanye: izintambo zesiphakamiso esenziwe ngeCanare, ezinye izicucu ezingu-14 eziphakathi kwamadonga, izintambo ezine zokuqhuba isikhathi eside, nezinye izintambo ezimbalwa ezihleliwe zihlezi nxazonke.
Kufanele sengeze ukuthi eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 yokubukeza isikhulumi, nokuhlola izikhulumi ezivela ngaphansi kwe-US $ 50 kuya kwezingu-$ 20,000 ngezibambisene ezimbili, sake saba nomkhiqizi oyedwa oveza ukukhathazeka ngokuthi yiziphi izintambo ezisetshenziswayo.
Ukuhlaziywa kuka-Allan
Yini eyenza uDevantier unentshisekelo lapho siqala ukukhuluma ngokuthi ikhebula lesikhulumi lingase libe kanjani, ngokulandelana, lushintshe impendulo yemvamisa yesikhulumi.
Yonke isikhulumi ngokuyinhloko isihlungi kagesi - inhlanganisela yokumelana, ukukhishwa kwamandla, nokuvuthwa kuhlelwe (okulindelwe okukodwa) ukuletha ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu yezwi. Uma ungeza ukumelana okungaphezulu, amandla , noma inductance , ushintshe amanani okuhlunga futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, umsindo wesipikha.
Ikhebuli lesikhulumi evamile alinalo ikhono elibalulekile noma inductance. Kodwa ukumelana kuyahlukahluka, ikakhulukazi ngezintambo ezincane. Ngoba zonke ezinye izinto zilingana; i-thinner yocingo, inkulu kakhulu ukumelana.
UDevantier waqhubeka nengxoxo ngokucaphuna ucwaningo oluvela ku-Floyd Toole noSean Olive, osebenza nabo eHarman, ababesebenza eCancer National Research Council:
"Ngonyaka ka-1986 u-Floyd Toole noSean Olive bashicilela ucwaningo ngokuzwakala kwezingoma zokuhlaziya. Bathola ukuthi abalaleli bazwela ngokukhethekile kuma-resonances aphansi e-Q [high-bandwidth]. Iziqu ze-Midrange ze-0.3 decibels (dB) zizwakala ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Njengoba i-loudspeaker impedance ihlukahluka nokuvama, ukuphikiswa kwe-DC kwekhebula kubaluleke kakhulu. Ishadi elilandelayo libonisa ubude obude obuvumelekile bekhebula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kwamapulitude okubangelwa ukumelana kwekhebula kugcinwe ngezansi ku-0.3 dB. Leli shidi lifaka impedance encane yesiphakamiso Ama-ohms angu-4 kanye nesiphephelo esiphakeme sesiphakamiso sama-oh ohms nokuthi ukumelana nekhebula yiyona nto kuphela; akubandakanyi inductance kanye nekhono, okungenza izinto zingabonakali kancane. "
"Kufanele kucaciswe kuletafula ukuthi kwezinye izimo ikhebula ne-loudspeaker zingakwazi ukuhlanganyela ukuze kubangele ukubuyisana okuzwakalayo."
i-cable gauge (AWG) | ukumelana ohms / unyawo (kokubili abaqhubi) | ubude be-0.3 dB (izinyawo) |
|---|---|---|
| 12 | 0.0032 | 47.23 |
| 14 | 0.0051 | 29.70 |
| 16 | 0.0080 | 18.68 |
| 18 | 0.0128 | 11.75 |
| 20 | 0.0203 | 7.39 |
| 22 | 0.0323 | 4.65 |
| 24 | 0.0513 | 2.92 |
Izinyathelo zeBrent
"Uyazi, ungalinganisa lokhu," u-Allan uthe, ekhomba ngomunwe ngendlela ebonisa umyalo ngaphezu kwesiphakamiso.
Senze izilinganiso zokuphendula ngezimpendulo ngezikhulumi kusukela ngo-1997, kodwa sasivele sisebenzise ikhebula lesikhulumi elihle, elikhulu, elinamafutha ukuxhuma isikhulumi ngaphansi kovivinyo ku-amp - into engeke ithinte ukuchithwa kwesilinganiso.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma sishintsha i-crummy, i-cable encane encane eyisikhulumi? Ingabe umehluko ungalinganiswa? Futhi bekuyoba yini umehluko owawuzophinde uzwakale?
Ukuze sithole, silinganise impendulo yemvamisa yesikhulumi se-Revel F208 sombhoshongo ngokusebenzisa i-analyzer ye-Clio 10 FW ngezingcingo ezintathu ezihlukahlukene:
- i-cable ye-gauge eyi-12 ye-Linn esiyisebenzisele izilinganiso zesikhulumi eminyakeni emihlanu edlule noma ngaphezulu
- ikhebula eliphansi elingu-12-gauge i-Monoprice
- ikhebula eliphansi elingama-24 gauge RCA
Ukuze unciphise umsindo wendawo, izilinganiso zenziwa ngaphakathi endlini. Ayikho imakrofoni noma isikhulumi nanoma yini enye ekamelweni lasuswa. Sasebenzisa ikhebula le-FireWire elide kakhulu ukuze ikhompyutha nabo bonke abantu bangabikho ekamelweni ngokuphelele. Siphindaphinda ukuhlolwa ngalunye izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umsindo wezemvelo awukuthinti kahle izilinganiso. Kungani uqaphele? Ngoba sazi ukuthi sizobe silinganisa ukuhlukana okucashile - uma kukhona okungalinganiswa nhlobo.
Sabe sithatha impendulo ngekhebula le-Linn futhi sasihlukanisa ngempendulo yezincingo ze-Monoprice ne-RCA. Lokhu kuholele igrafu ebonisa ukuthi umehluko wempendulo yemvamisa ebangelwa yizintambo ngayinye. Sabe sesifaka ukukhwehlela kwe-1/3-octave ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho nhlobo yomsindo we-environmental snuck.
Kuvela ukuthi uDevantier wayelungile - singalinganisa lokhu. Njengoba ungabona eshadini, imiphumela enezintambo ezimbili-gauge zahluke ngokuphelele. Ukuguqulwa okukhulu kunazo zonke kwaba ukukhuliswa okukhulu +0.4 dB phakathi kuka-4.3 no-6.8 kHz.
Ingabe lokhu kuzwakala? Kungenzeka. Ungakhathazeka? Cishe cha. Ukuyibeka ngombono, ukuthi amaphesenti angaba ngu-20 kuya kwangu-30 ekuguqulweni ngokuvamile alinganiswa uma sivivinye isikhulumi ngaphandle nangaphandle kwendlela yaso .
Kodwa ukushintshela kwekhebula le-24 gauge kwaba nomthelela omkhulu. Okokuqala, kuncishiswe izinga, okudinga ukujwayelekile kwekhasi lokuphendula elilinganiselwe ngokuliqinisa +2.04 dB ngakho kungafaniswa nekhava kusuka kwekhebula le-Linn. Ukumelana kwekhebula le-24 gauge nakho kwaba nemiphumela ecacile ekuphenduleni imvamisa. Isibonelo, sinquma ama-bass phakathi kuka-50 no-230 Hz ngokuphakama okungenani -1.5 dB ku-95 Hz, ukusika phakathi kwe-2.2 no-4.7 kHz ngokuphakama kwe--1.7 dB ku-3.1 kHz, nokunciphisa ukuhamba phakathi kuka-6 no-20 kHz ngokuphakama -1.4 dB ku-13.3 kHz.
Ingabe lokhu kuzwakala? Yebo. Ungakhathazeka? Yebo. Ungathanda yini umsindo ube ngcono kangcono nekhebula elikhukhulayo noma elinye lamafutha? Asazi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi, izincomo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-stereo ezedlule zokusebenzisa izintambo ezingu-12 noma 14-gauge zibukeka kahle.
Lesi isibonelo esihle kakhulu. Ngenkathi kungase kube khona ambalwa amakhemikhali okukhulumisana aphezulu okungaxhunyiwe aphezulu, cishe zonke izingcingo zesiphakamiso okungenani okungama-14 gauge noma ngakho-ke ukumelana okuncane okwanele ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuhlukunyezwa kwezingane okumele kuvezwe kufanele kube okungenani kuncane (futhi mhlawumbe okungenakukwazi). Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi silinganise ukungalingani okuphendula okuncane nokuphindaphindiwe, ngisho nezintambo ezimbili eziseduze nosayizi nesakhiwo. Futhi, phawula ukuthi isikhulumi seRevel F208 sinemiphetho ejwayelekile ye-5 ohms (njengoba kulinganiswa). Lezi zimo zizocaciswa kakhulu ngesiphakamiso se-4-ohm futhi esingaphansi kwezikhulumi ezingu-8-ohm, okuyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.
Ngakho isiphi isifundo okufanele ususe kulokhu? Ngokuyinhloko, ungasebenzisi izintambo zesikhumba kunoma yisiphi isistimu lapho unendaba khona ngekhwalithi yomsindo . Kanti futhi, mhlawumbe ungasheshi ukugweba labo abathi bazwa umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ezikhuluma. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi eziningi zazo ziqaphelisa lemiphumela - futhi izikhangiso ezivela ezinkampanini zekhamera eziphezulu zivame ukwedlulisa ngokweqile le miphumela. Kodwa izibalo kanye nokuhlolwa okwenziwe kusikisela ukuthi abantu bezwa ngempela umehluko phakathi kwezintambo .