Angicabangi ukuthi iziphequluli zewebhu zizohamba ngezinguquko ezinkulu ezilandelayo zewebhu, kodwa angimangazi uma iziphequluli zakhiwa kabusha esikhathini esithile ukuze kufinyeleleke kangcono nokuthi sisebenzisa kanjani i-intanethi.
Akukhona ukuthi iziphequluli zewebhu azizange zishintshe kusukela zivele kuqala. Benze izinguquko ezinkulu, kodwa kube yinkambiso encane ngemibono emisha efana neJava, i-Javascript, i-ActiveX, i-Flash, nezinye izengezo ezihambayo kusiphequluli.
Into eyodwa engiye ngafunda njengomhleli kwakuwukuthi uma isicelo sishintsha ngezindlela ezingakhulumi ngaso ekuqaleni, siqala ukuthola ama-clunky. Kuleli phuzu, kuvame ukuba ngcono ukuqala nje kusuka ekuqaleni bese uhlela okuthile okucabangela konke ofuna ukukwenza.
Futhi sekuyisikhathi esiphezulu lokhu okwenzelwe isiphequluli sewebhu. Eqinisweni, lapho ngiqala ukuhlela izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu emuva ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engu-90, ngacabanga ukuthi isikhathi esiphezulu emuva ngaleso sikhathi ukudala isiphequluli sewebhu esisha ngokuphelele. Futhi iwebhu ithole okuningi okuningi okuyisimanje kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.
Abaphequluli bewebhu abahlomele ukukwenza lokho esikufunayo
Iqiniso. Iziphequluli zeWebhu zenzelwe kakhulu uma ucabangela lokho esibacela ukuba benze lezi zinsuku. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, kufanele uqale uqonde ukuthi iziphequluli zewebhu zenzelwe ekuqaleni, ngokuyinhloko, iprosesa yewebhu kuwebhu. Ulimi lwe-markup lwewebhu lufana ngokuphawulekayo nezilimi zokumaketha zamaphrosesa wegama. Ngesikhathi i-Microsoft Word isebenzisa uhlamvu oluthile lokuchaza umbhalo othize ngesibindi noma ukushintsha ifonti yayo, yenza ngokuyisisekelo into efanayo: Qala iBold. Umbhalo. Qeda i-Bold. Yikuphi okufanayo esikwenzayo nge-HTML.
Okwenzekile eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule ukuthi le projekthi yewebhu yewebhu ishintshelwe ku-akhawunti yonke into esiyifunayo. Kufana nendlu lapho siphendule khona igaraji, futhi i-attic ibe ekamelweni lokuphumula, nesakhiwo esingaphansi kwendawo, futhi manje sifuna ukuxhuma igumbi lokugcina emuva bese silibeka ekamelweni elisha kule indlu - kodwa, sizobhekana nezinkinga eziningi ezihlinzeka ngogesi kanye nemiphanda ngoba zonke izintambo zethu kanye namapayipi sitholakale zihlanya nazo zonke ezinye izengezo esizenzile.
Yilokho okwenzekile kuziphequluli zewebhu. Namuhla, sifuna ukusebenzisa iziphequluli zethu zewebhu njengeklayenti yesicelo sewebhu, kodwa kwakungenakwenzeka ngempela ukwenza lokho.
Inkinga eyisisekelo engangiyenayo ngehlelo lewebhu, futhi esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani iziphequluli zenza amaklayenti ampofu ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu, ukuthi kwakungekho indlela enhle yokuxhumana nesiphakeli sewebhu. Eqinisweni, ngaleso sikhathi, indlela kuphela ongathola ngayo ulwazi kumsebenzisi kwakuwukuthi uchofoze okuthile. Ngokuyinhloko, ulwazi lungadluliswa kuphela uma ikhasi elisha lilayishwa.
Njengoba ungacabanga, lokhu kwakwenze kwaba nzima kakhulu ukuba nesicelo sangempela sokuxhumana. Ngeke ube nomunye umuntu othayipha into ebhokisini lombhalo bese uhlola ulwazi kuseva ngenkathi bethayipha. Kufanele uzilinde ukuba ucindezele inkinobho.
Isixazululo: Ajax.
I-Ajax imelela i-Asynchronous JavaScript ne-XML. Okuyisisekelo, kuyindlela yokwenza lokho iziphequluli zakudala zewebhu ezingenakukwazi ukuzenza: xhumana nesiphakeli sewebhu ngaphandle kokudinga iklayenti ukuthi ilayishe kabusha ikhasi. Lokhu kufezwa ngenjongo ye-XMLHTTP ActiveX ku-Inthanethi Explorer noma i-XMLHttpRequest cishe kuzo zonke ezinye iziphequluli.
Ngokuyinhloko, lokho okuvumela umlimi wewebhu ukuthi akwenze ukushintshanisa ulwazi phakathi kweklayenti nesiphakeli njengokuthi umsebenzisi uphinde uphinde ulayishe ikhasi ngaphandle komsebenzisi ophinde waphinde alayishe kabusha ikhasi.
Umsindo omkhulu, kwesokudla? Kuyinto isinyathelo esikhulu phambili, futhi kuyisizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi izinhlelo ze-Web 2.0 zisebenza kakhulu futhi zisebenziseka kalula kunezinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphambili zewebhu. Kodwa, kuseyiBan-Aid. Ngokuyinhloko, iklayenti ithumela iseva ngolwazi oluthile, futhi ithumela ibhloksi yombhalo emuva, ishiya iklayenti ngomsebenzi wokuhumusha lowo mbhalo. Futhi-ke, iklayenti isebenzisa okuthiwa i-Dynamic HTML ukwenza ikhasi libonakale libandakanya.
Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu kunokuba uhlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile lwamakhasimende-iseva lusebenza kanjani. Ngaphandle kwemingcele yedatha edlulela emuva nangaphandle, futhi nayo yonke indawo yokwakhiwa eyakhiwe ngeso ukuvumela iklayenti ukuthi isebenzise isikrini endizeni, ukusebenzisa amasu we-Ajax ukuze ufeze lokhu kuwebhu kufana nokuxhuma ngamahhashi ukuze ufike lapho.
Iziphequluli zeWebhu yizinhlelo zokusebenza zekusasa
I-Microsoft yazi ukuthi ibuyele eminyakeni engama-90. Yingakho bangene kuleyo mpi yesiphequluli nge-Netscape, yingakho iMicrosoft ayifuni ukujezisa ekunqobeni leyo mpi. Ngeshwa - okungenani iMicrosoft - impi entsha yesiphequluli ikhona, futhi ilwelwa ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukene. I-Mozilla Firefox manje isetshenziselwa cishe abasebenzisi abangu-30% be-intanethi, kuyilapho i-Internet Explorer ibone ukwehla kwesabelo samakethe kusuka ngaphezulu kwama-80% kuya ku-50% kuphela eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule.
Ngamanje amathrendi wewebhu afana ne- Web 2.0 ne-Office 2.0 eletha lokho okuyizicelo zedeskithophu zomlando kuwebhu, kuba nokuzimela okuningi ekukhethweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, nokubaluleka kakhudlwana kuziphequluli eziqinisekisiwe. Zombili lezo akuzona izindaba ezinhle kuMicrosoft ogama isiphequluli se-Inthanethi Explorer esenza ukwenza izinto ngendlela ehlukile kunalokho okwenziwa yiwona wonke isiphequluli. Futhi, hhayi izindaba ezinhle kakhulu ze-Microsoft.
Kodwa into eyodwa enkulu mayelana nokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuthuthukiswa ohlelweni lokusebenza ukuthi ungasebenzisa izinto eziqinisekisiwe ukudala isikhombimsebenzisi sakho. Futhi unokulawula okuningi mayelana nokuthi uxhumana kanjani nalezo zinto, futhi ungenza ngisho nezindlela zakho zokufaka esikhundleni. Ngokuhlelwa kwewebhu, kunzima kakhulu ukufeza leli zinga lokulawula, ikakhulukazi ngoba iziphequluli zewebhu azihlosiwe ekuqaleni ukuba zizaklayenti ezinkimbinkimbi zesicelo esikhulu - kakhulu kangakanani uhlelo lokusebenza lokusebenza esikhathini esizayo.
Kodwa, ngokuphindaphindiwe, yilokho ababa khona. I-Google Amadokhumenti inikeza kakade iprosesa, ispredishithi, nesofthiwe yesethulo. Hlanganisa lokhu ngekhasimende le-imeyili le-imeyili, futhi unayo iphakheji yakho yokukhiqiza software eyisisekelo. Siyahamba kancane, kodwa ngokuqinisekile, sifinyelele kulelo phuzu lapho iningi lezicelo zethu zizotholakala ku-intanethi.
Ukuthandwa okwandayo kwe-Smartphones kanye ne-PocketPCs kudala indawo entsha entsha ye-intanethi. Futhi, ngenkathi umkhuba wamanje uwukuthi i- Intanethi ye-Intanethi ihlangane ne-'iyoqobo 'ye-intanethi , lokhu akusho ukwehlisa izwe elisezingeni eliphezulu njengomdlali oyinhloko ekwakheni indlela i- "Inthanethi yekusasa" ezobukeka ngayo.
Esinye isici esiyinhloko ukuthi sakha i-front entsha kwizimpi zesiphequluli sewebhu. Uma i-Microsoft izohlala ihamba phambili nesiphequluli sayo se-Inthanethi Explorer, kuzodingeka iphumelele ukuphatha kumadivayisi eselula nge "Pocket IE," isiphequluli se-Microsoft Explorer for Mobile.
Esinye isici esithakazelisayo sokuthi amadivaysi eselula afinyelela kanjani ku-intanethi ukusetshenziswa kwezicelo zeJava esikhundleni samaselula wezintambo zendabuko. Esikhundleni sokuya ku-Microsoft Live noma i-Yahoo, abasebenzisi beselula bangalanda izinguqulo zeJava zala mawebhusayithi. Lokhu kudala isipiliyoni esisebenzisanayo esifana nanoma yisiphi isisetshenziswa se-client-server ngaphandle kwayo yonke imfucumfucu ehlangabezana neziphequluli zewebhu.
Iphinde ibonise ukuthi abadlali abakhulu bewebhu bazimisele ukuklama amasayithi abo ngenkundla entsha yokuthuthukiswa kwesicelo.
Isiphequluli sekusasa
Angiyikubeka noma yiziphi amabhethri esizobona ushintsho olukhulu ukuthi iziphequluli zewebhu zenzelwe noma nini esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-Web 3.0 izothatha uhlobo olusha lwesiphequluli noma cha noma ukuhamba ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele kunoma yikuphi ukuqagela kunoma ubani.
Kodwa, ngesikhathi esifanayo, angimangazi ukubona uhlobo lwesiphequluli esisha olusubhalwa kabusha ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu engqondweni kuguqula iwebhu. Kungase kuthathe isidlali esikhulu esiyiklama, futhi abadlali abakhulu njenge-Google ne-Yahoo nabanye abayilandelayo, okuyinto engeyona into elula ukuyifeza, kodwa kungenzeka.
Yini le isiphequluli sesikhathi esizayo esingafana nayo? Ngicabanga ukuthi kuzofana nokuhlanganisa iziphequluli zethu zamanje, i-ActiveX, ne-Java ukudala into engaba yindlela yokusebenza encane kanye nesikhulumi sokuthuthukiswa.
Kuwe kanye nami, kungaba njengokulayisha isiphakamiso sehhovisi lethu, ukushintsha ngokungahambisani phakathi kweprosesa yegama kanye nespredishithi, futhi njengokungena ngokuzenzekelayo kumdlalo wokudlala wabadlali abaningi be-inthanethi.
Ngokuyinhloko, iwebhusayithi ngayinye izoba yisicelo sayo, futhi singahamba kalula kusuka kuwebhusayithi eyodwa / kwesicelo kuya kwesilandelayo.
Ucabanga ukuthi iWeb 3.0 iyothatha ini?