AmaRobhothi angase azungeze; uyazi ukuthi ungayibona kanjani?
Igama elithi "i-robot" alichazwe kahle, okungenani hhayi okwamanje. Kukhona impikiswano enkulu emiphakathini yesayensi, yobunjiniyela, nokuzilibazisa mayelana ncamashi ukuthi i-robot iyini, nokuthi akuyini.
Uma umbono wakho webhobhothi kungumshini othile obheka umuntu owenza imiyalelo ngomyalo , ucabanga uhlobo oluthile lwedivayisi abantu abaningi abazovuma ukuthi i-robot. Kodwa akuyona into ejwayelekile kakhulu, futhi okwamanje akuyona into esebenzayo, noma kunjalo.
Kodwa yenza uhlamvu oluhle ezincwadini zezesayensi zezinkolelo namabhayisikobho.
Ama-robot ajwayelekile kakhulu kunabantu abaningi abacabanga, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi sizohlangana nabo nsuku zonke. Uma uthathe imoto yakho ngokuzulazula imoto ngokuzenzakalelayo, imali ehoxisiwe esuka ku-ATM , noma usebenzise umshini ovotayo ukuze uthathe isiphuzo, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi uhlanganyele ne-robot. Konke ngempela kuncike ekuchazeni indlela ochaza ngayo i-robot.
Ngakho-ke, Sichaza kanjani iRobot?
Incazelo eyaziwayo yebhobhothi, evela ku-Oxford English Dictionary, ithi:
"Umshini onokwenza uchungechunge lwezenzo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokuzenzakalelayo, ikakhulukazi oluhlelwe ikhompyutha."
Nakuba lokhu kuyincazelo evamile, kuvumela imishini eminingi ejwayelekile ukuthi ichazwe njengama-robot, kufaka phakathi i-ATM kanye nezibonelo zemishini ezithengisa ngenhla. Umshini wokuhlanza uphinde uhlangabezane nencazelo eyisisekelo ngokuba umshini ohleliwe (unamasethingi ahlukahlukene avumela imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwa ukuthi iguqulwe) eyenza ngokuzenzakalelayo umsebenzi.
Kodwa umshini wokuwasha awunazo izici ezimbalwa ezengeziwe ezisiza ukuhlukanisa i-robot emshinini oyinkimbinkimbi. Omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu ukuthi i-robot kufanele ikwazi ukuphendula endaweni yayo ukushintsha uhlelo layo ukuqedela umsebenzi futhi wazi ukuthi umsebenzi uqediwe. Ngakho-ke, umshini wokuwasha ovamile awuwona i-robot, kodwa amanye amamodeli ahamba phambili, angenza, isibonelo, ulungise ukugeza nokuhlanza ukushisa, kuye ngokuthi izimo zendawo zemvelo, ungathola kanjani incazelo elandelayo yebhobhothi:
Umshini okwazi ukuphendula endaweni yakhe ukuba enze imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi noma ephindaphinda ngokuncane, uma ikhona, isiqondiso esivela kumuntu.
AmaRobhothi Aseduze Konke
Manje njengoba sinesichazamazwi sokusebenza kwebhobhothi, ake sibheke ngokushesha ama-robot esitholakala ngokujwayelekile namhlanje.
- Izimboni: AmaRobhothi asheshe asetshenziswe embonini nge-Ultimate, i-robot eyenzelwe uGeorge Devol ngo-1959 kuGeneral Motors. Ebhekwa njengeyi-robot yokuqala yezimboni, i-Ultimate yayiyingalo ye-robotic esetshenziselwa ukuphatha izingxenye ezishisayo zokufa kwe-automobile, umsebenzi owawuyingozi kubantu ukwenza.
- Ezokwelapha: AmaRobhothi emithi enza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokuhlinzwa, ukusiza ekuvuseleleni, noma ngisho nokubhubhisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amakamelo esibhedlela nezindawo zokuhlinza.
- Umthengi: Mhlawumbe i-robot yomndeni ehlonishwa kakhulu yi-Roomba yokuhlanza i-vacuum, ekwazi ukuhlanza ngokuzenzakalelayo izitezi ezungeze indlu yakho. Ngaphakathi kwemigqa efanayo kukhona ama-mowers amaningi angama-robotic azogcina utshani lwakho lubekwe kuwe.
- AmaRobhothi esasingamazi ama-robot: Uhla lwethu lokugcina luqukethe ama-robots esiwahlangabeza nsuku zonke, kodwa cishe akuzange acabange njengama-robots: imoto ehamba ngokuzenzekelayo, ukusheshisa noma ukukhanya okubomvu amakhamera, ama-opener door, okuphakanyiswayo, nezinye izinto ezikhishwa ngekhishi .
I-Robotics noMlando wamaRobhothi
Umshini we-robot wamanje, owaziwa ngokuthi i-robotics, uyisigcawu sesayensi nobunjiniyela obasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bemishini, ubuchwepheshe kagesi, namakhono amakhono wekhompiyutha ukwakha nokwakha ama-robot .
Umklamo we-Robotic uhlanganisa yonke into ekudaleni izingalo ze-robotic ezisetshenziselwa amafektri, ama-robot e-autonomous humanoid, ngezinye izikhathi abizwa njenge-androids. I-Android iyigatsha lama-robotics ekhuluma ngokuqondile ngamarobhothi abukeka ama-humanoid, noma ama- synthetic organisms ezithatha noma ezandisa imisebenzi yabantu .
I-robot igama lisetshenziswe okokuqala ngo-1921 ukudlala i-RUR (i-Rossum's Universal Robots), ebhaliwe ngu-Karel Čapek wase-Czech.
I-robot ivela egameni lesiCzech elithi robota , okusho ukuthi umsebenzi ophoqelelwe.
Nakuba lokhu kuwukusetshenziswa kwegama lokuqala, kude nokubonakaliswa kokuqala kwedivayisi efana ne-robot. AmaShayina, amaGreki, nabaseGibhithe basendulo basebenzela imishini eyenziwe ngokuzenzakalela ukwenza imisebenzi ephindaphindiwe.
ULeonardo da Vinci naye wenza i-robotic design. I-robot kaLeonardo yayinomkhono wokumisa, ukugoqa izingalo, ukuhambisa ikhanda, nokuvula nokuvala imihlathi yayo.
Ngo-1928, i-robot e-humanoid egama layo lingu-Eric yaboniswa eMnyangweni Wezibonelo Wabahlengikazi eLondon. U-Eric wanikeza inkulumo ngenkathi ehambisa izandla, izingalo, kanye nenhloko. I-Elektro, i-robot yama-humanoid, eyaqala ngo-1939 Fair World World Fair. I-Elektro ingahamba, ikhulume futhi iphendule imiyalo yezwi.
Ama-Robot ku-Popular Culture
Ngo-1942, umlobi wezinkolelo ze-science u-Isaac Asimov ethi "Ukugijima" waveza "Imithetho Eyisithathu Yezinkundla Zokusebenza" ezazithi "zivela" kwi-Handbook Robotics "edition ka-56, i-2058. Imithetho, okungenani ngokusho kwamanyeveli amanoveli esayensi , yiyona kuphela ukuphepha okudingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwebhobhothi:
- I-robot kungenzeka ingalimazi umuntu noma, ngokungahambisani nokusebenza, vumela umuntu ukuba ahlasele.
- I-robot kumele ilalele imiyalo eyanikezwa ngumuntu ngaphandle kokuthi leyo miyalo ingqubuzana noMthetho Wokuqala.
- I-robot kumele ivikele ubukhona bayo uma nje ukuvikelwa okunjalo kungavumelani nemithetho yokuqala noma yesibili.
I-Planet engavunyelwe, ifilimu ye-science ye-1956, eyethula uRobbie iRobot, okokuqala i-robot yayinobuntu obuhlukile.
Asikwazanga ukushiya i-Star Wars kanye ne-droids ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-C3PO no-R2D2, ohlwini lwethu lwamarobhothi esimweni esidumile.
Umlingisi weDatha ku-Star Trek uphonsele ubuchwepheshe be-Android nobuhlakani bokusebenza kuze kube yilapho siphoqeleka ukuthi sibuze, nini i-android ifinyelela ukuzwa?
Ama-Robot, i-android, nezinhlobo zokwenza izinto zikhona wonke amadivayisi adalwe ukusiza abantu emisebenzini ehlukahlukene. Kungenzeka ukuthi asifinyelelanga iphuzu lapho wonke umuntu une -roid yakhe siqu ukuze abasize kulo lonke usuku, kodwa ama-robot empeleni aseduze nathi.