Ungavumeli isela lokungena lichithe impilo yakho yezezimali
Ukuphulwa kwedatha okwenzeka kunanini ngaphambili, nabathengi abaningi belahlekelwa imali noma, nakakhulu, bazi ukuthi bangubani. Kunezindlela, noma kunjalo, ungazivikela ngalezi zinhlobo zobugebengu.
Ukuthi ubugebengu be-Cyber buqala kanjani
Noma ubani angabeka isikhwama esikhwameni sakhe, athenge izinhlelo zokuqapha isikweletu noma athathe ezinye izenzo ukuzivikela ekuphambeni okwehluleka okukhulu okufanayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwebiwa kwemininingwane eminingi noma ukuyekethisa kwe-PII, kufaka phakathi iziphambano ezimbalwa ezibalulwe ngenzansi, azibandakanyi neze nge-intanethi noma ikhompyutha ye-lax noma ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Ukungahlehlisi uhlelo lokusebenza lokukhubazeka noma ukukhwabanisa ama-wizardry kubandakanyeka kwinombolo encane yamacala aphelele.
Cabanga ngalokhu: Kungakanani ulwazi umuntu akudinga ngempela ukwazi ukuze akufanise neqembu lesithathu? Igama lakho? Usuku lokuzalwa? Ikheli? Ehlomile ngolwazi olutholakale kalula olufana nalokhu, futhi mhlawumbe ezinye izingcezu eziyinhloko zolwazi ezifana nesikole esiphakeme owaya kuzo, igama lakho lenja noma igama lomama wakho, umuntfu angakwazi ukufinyelela ama-akhawunti akho akhona noma ukusetha imali noma isikweletu egameni lakho.
Muva nje, imibiko yokuphulwa kwezokuphepha lapho idatha yamakhasimende kanye nolwazi lomuntu siqu olubonakalayo (PII) behlelwe ngandlela-thile sengathi kubonakala cishe nsuku zonke. I-Verizon, isibonelo, ibike ukulahlekelwa kwedatha okubandakanya amakhasimende angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-14. Abakwa-Cybercriminals baze bahlasela i-credit bureau enkulu ye-Equifax - mhlawumbe ulwazi oluphuthumayo lwe-data olubi kakhulu nolwaziba njalo kusukela kubantu abayizigidi ezingu-143 kubandakanya amagama, izinsuku zokuzalwa, izinombolo zokuphepha kwezenhlalakahle, amakheli, nezinombolo zelayisensi yokushayela.
Amacala ahlukumezayo ahlanganisa ukweba amancane njengolwazi oludonsa kusuka kudoti lakho lokudosa. Noma umsizi ohambisa noma odweba phansi inombolo yakho yekhadi lesikweletu uma uthengela endaweni yokudlela. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zemithetho ehlobene nokuthola ulwazi lwamakhasimende kufaka phakathi uSarbanes-Oxley, HIPAA, GLBA, nabanye. Kodwa ubunjiniyela bezenhlalakahle kanye nokuhle, ukweba okudala kuyisisongelo esikhulu kunokuphepha kwenethiwekhi futhi kukuwe ukuqapha nokuvikela ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu kanye nekhredithi yakho.
Indlela Yokuvimbela Ukubiwa Kwegama
Ngezansi ezinye izinyathelo zokuqala ongazithatha ukusiza nokuvikela nokuvikela ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ubunikazi bakho noma isikweletu sakho asikhohlisiwe.
Buka ama-shoulder-surfers. Uma ufaka inombolo ye-PIN noma inombolo yekhadi lesikweletu kumshini we-ATM, esiteshini sefoni, noma ngisho nasekhompyutheni emsebenzini, qaphela ukuthi ubani oseduzane futhi uqinisekise ukuthi akekho obuka amehlo ehlombe lakho ukuze enze inothi lamakhi ucindezela. Sebenzisa isithwebuli seminwe yokuzikhethela , futhi, noma uvule izinhlelo zokuqashelwa ebusweni uma idivayisi yakho ibapha.
Kudinga ukuqinisekisa kwe-photo ID. Esikhundleni sokusayina iminyango yamakhadi wakho esikweletu, ungabhala "Bona isithombe se-Photo". Ezimweni eziningi, abalobi besitolo ababukezi ngisho nebhokisi lesiginesha ekhadini lesikweletu, futhi isela lingasebenzisa kalula ikhadi lakho lesikweletu ukuze lenze inthanethi noma ukuthengwa ngocingo okungadingi ukuqinisekiswa kwesiginesha, kodwa kulabo bantu abavamile lapho benza ngempela ukuqinisekisa isignesha, ungathola ukulondeka okungeziwe ngokuwaqondisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ufanisa isithombe ku-ID yesithombe.
Shred everything. Enye yezindlela ezaziyoba yizigebengu zokwazisa ukuthola ulwazi ngukuthi "i-dumpster-diving", i-aka-picking aka. Uma uphonsa izikweletu nezitatimende zekhadi lesikweletu, ikhadi elidala lesikweletu noma amarisidi e-ATM, izitatimende zezokwelapha noma ngisho nokucela izikhala zamakhadi esikweletu nemali yokukhokhela imali, ungase ushiye ulwazi oluningi olubhekene nalo.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokufaka amafayili okuhlanjululwa: Thenga i- paper shredder bese uhlakaza wonke amaphepha nge-PII ngaphambi kokulahlwa noma ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-software ye-shredder software .
Ukubhubhisa idatha yedatha. Uma uthengisa, ukuhweba noma ukulahla uhlelo lwekhompiyutha , noma i-hard drive, noma ngisho neCD eqoshiwe, i-DVD noma ithempsi yokulondoloza, udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo ezingeziwe ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idatha iyashiswa ngokuphelele, ngokuphelele, futhi ingenakuqhathaniswa. Ukusula idatha nje noma ukuguqula i-hard drive akukho ndawo esiseduze. Noma ubani onekhono elincane le-tech angahlehlisa amafayela noma alulame idatha kusuka kudrayivu efomethiwe.
Sebenzisa umkhiqizo onjenge-ShredXP ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha emishayeli enzima ibhujiswa ngokuphelele. I-CD, i-DVD noma i-tape media kufanele uyibhubhise ngokwenyama ngokuyiphula noma ukuyichitha ngaphambi kokuyilahla. Kukhona ama-shredders aklanyelwe ngokuqondile ukukhipha ama-CD / ama-DVD abezindaba.
Yiba nesibindi ngokuhlola izitatimende futhi ukhokhe izikweletu eposini. Lokhu kunenzuzo emibili. Okokuqala, uma ukhuthele ngokuhlola isitatimende sakho sebhange nesikweletu njalo ngenyanga, uzokwazi ukuthi omunye wabo akafiki futhi angakunikeza ukuthi mhlawumbe othile uyiba ebhokisini lakho lemeyili noma ngenkathi ehamba. Okwesibili, ungaqiniseka ukuthi amacala, ukuthenga noma okunye okufakwe esitatimendeni kusemthethweni futhi kufanelana namarekhodi akho ukuze ukwazi ukukhomba ngokushesha nokulungisa noma yimuphi umsebenzi osolisayo.
Uma ungasebenzisi amabhange e-intanethi ukukhokha izikweletu zakho, lalela: Ungalokothi ushiye amabhilikhithi akhokhelwayo ebhokisini lakho lemeyili ukuze uthunyelwe. Isela elihlukumeza ibhokisi lakho leposi lizokwazi ukuthola ulwazi olubucayi kolunye imvilophu - igama lakho, ikheli, inombolo ye-akhawunti yesikweletu, imininingwane yakho yasebhange kuhlanganise nenombolo yokuhamba nombolo ye-akhawunti kusuka phansi kwesheke, nekhophi isignesha yakho kusuka esheke lakho ngezinhloso zomsebenzi nje kuphela.
Bhala i-imeyili yakho kanye nemilayezo. Yonke idatha oyithumelayo kwimilayezo noma nge-imeyili isengozini uma ungasebenzisi ukubethela kokuphela kokuphela kokuphepha. Lokho kusho kuphela umthumeli kanye nomamukeli ongafunda ulwazi. Hlanganisa lokhu nge-ID yeminwe noma ukukhiya iphasiwedi kudivayisi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphephile ngokwengeziwe.
Kudinga ukuqinisekiswa kwe-2-Factor kuma-akhawunti wezezimali nezenhlalo. Engeza isendlalelo esingeziwe sokuphepha kuma-akhawunti akho oku-intanethi okuhlala ungena ngemvume usebenzisa ikheli le-imeyli / igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. Ngisho nama-akhawunti omphakathi wezokuxhumana kufanele abe nokuqinisekiswa okubili kokubili okuvunyelwe. Uma othile kwenzeka ukuze athole iphasiwedi, ngokwesibonelo, bazobe besidinga ingxenye yesibili, ehambisanayo ukuze bangene ku-akhawunti.
Hlaziya umbiko wakho wesikweletu njalo ngonyaka. Lokhu bekulokhu kube iseluleko esihle, kodwa kwakuvame ukubiza imali, noma kwakudingeka uqale wenqatshelwe ekutholeni isikweletu ukuze uthole ikhophi yamahhala. Manje kungenzeka ukubuka mahhala umbiko wakho wesikweletu kanye ngonyaka. Ama-ejensi amakhulu amathathu wokubika ngesikweletu (i-Equifax, i-Experian ne-TransUnion) yajoyina amabutho ukunikeza imibiko yekhredithi yamahhala kubathengi.
I-website anncreditreport.com, nezindawo ezifana ne-CreditKarma.com, iphinde inikeze imibiko yesikweletu samahhala ngisho nokuqapha. Kufanele ubuyekeze umbiko wakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ulwazi olukulo luqondile futhi uqiniseke ukuthi awekho ama-akhawunti lapha lapho ungaqapheli noma okunye okungenayo okusolisayo noma umsebenzi.
Vikela inombolo yakho yokuphepha yomphakathi. Inombolo Yezokuphepha Komphakathi ibe yinto eyodwa ababeyithembisa njalo ukuthi ngeke - uhlobo lwenombolo kazwelonke yokuhlonza. Kuvame ukuphakanyiswa ukuba ungathwali i-Social Security yakho esikhwameni sakho ngelayisensi yakho yokushayela kanye nokunye ukuhlonza. Okokuqala, nakuba kulindeleke ukuba ugcine impilo yakho yonke, ikhadi lezokuphepha lezenhlalakahle likhishwa ekhabhobhodi elincane kakhulu elingalondolozi kahle ukugqoka nokudiliza.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukwazi igama lakho eligcwele, ikheli kanye nenombolo egcwele yokuvikeleka kwezenhlalakahle, noma ngisho nezinombolo ezingu-4 zokugcina ezimweni eziningi, kungavumela isela ukuthi licabange ukuthi ungubani. Akufanele nanini usebenzise inombolo yakho yokuphepha yomphakathi njengengxenye yomsebenzisi wephasiwedi noma iphasiwedi oyisungula futhi akufanele neze uyihlukanise nabanxusa ucingo noma ngokuphendula ugaxekile noma ama-imeyili wokuhlambalaza ama- phishing .
I-Caveat Emptor. Ungaqhubi ibhizinisi online ngezinkampani ongazi lutho. Ungase uzizwe uvikeleke kakhulu ukwenza ibhizinisi online ne-Amazon.com noma i-BestBuy.com nanoma yikuphi iwebhusayithi ehlotshaniswa nabathengisi abaziwayo, bamazwe noma emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa, uma uthenga okuthile ku-intanethi udinga ukuba nezinga elilodwa lokuthembela ukuthi inkampani oyenza ibhizinisi nayo ivumelekile nokuthi ithatha ukulondeka kolwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu njengalokhu wenza kanjalo.
Uma wenza ukuthengwa kwe-intanethi, funda izinkampani zobumfihlo zobumfihlo ku-intanethi kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyavumelana nazo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi usewebhusayithi ephephile noma ebhaliwe (okufanekiselwa isikhwama esincane phansi kwesokudla kwesikrini kwi-Internet Explorer).