Kungani Ungagqokisa Ikhompyutha Yakho?

Abantu abaningi cishe abazi ukuthi kunqotshwa yikuphi okweqile kodwa kungenzeka bezwe igama elisetshenziswe ngaphambili. Ukuze uyibeke emibhalweni yayo elula, ukudlula ngokweqile kuthatha isakhi sekhompiyutha njengeprosesa futhi isebenza esikhwameni esiphezulu kunokulinganisa umenzi. Zonke izingxenye ezikhiqizwa izinkampani ezifana ne-Intel kanye ne-AMD zilinganisiwe ngokulingana okuqondile. Baye bahlola amakhono okuyingxenye futhi baqinisekisile ngalolo vele olunikeziwe.

Yiqiniso, izingxenye eziningi zingaphansi kokungathembeki okwandisiwe. Ukweqa okuyingxenyeni ethile kumane kusebenzise ngokunenzuzo amandla okuhlala aphuma kwikhompyutha lapho umenzi engazimisele ukufakazela khona ingxenye kodwa uyakwazi.

Kungani Kudlula Ikhompyutha?

Inzuzo eyinhloko yokwedlula ngokweqile ukusebenza komshini okwengeziwe ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe. Iningi labantu abaqedile uhlelo lwabo noma bafuna ukuzama futhi bakhiqize uhlelo lwedeskithophu esheshayo kunokwenzeka noma ukwandisa amandla abo ekhompyutheni kubhajethi elinganiselwe. Kwezinye izimo, abantu bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwabo lokusebenza 25% noma ngaphezulu! Isibonelo, umuntu angase athenge into efana ne-AMD 2500+ futhi ngokuqedela ngokucophelela kuqede ngeprosesa egijima emandleni okulinganisa okulinganayo njenge-AMD 3000+, kodwa ngezindleko ezinciphise kakhulu.

Kunezinselele zokudlula ngaphezulu uhlelo lwekhompiyutha. Inselele enkulu yokweqa ngokweqile ingxenye yekhomphyutha ukuthi uvala noma iyiphi iwaranti enikezwe umenzi ngoba ayihambisani nalokho okubekwe khona.

Izindwangu ezingaphezu kwezingubo ezithintekayo ezithintekayo nazo zivame ukuba nokuphila okunciphile okuphila noma okubi nakakhulu, uma kungenziwa ngendlela engalungile, kungashiswa ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, zonke izinkomba zokudlula ngokweqile enetheni ziyoba nesixwayiso ngabanye kula maqiniso ngaphambi kokutshela izinyathelo zokudlula ngaphezulu.

Ukuhamba kwebhasi kanye neziqu eziningi

Ukuze uqale uqonde ukudlula i-CPU kukhompyutha, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ijubane leprosesa libalwa kanjani. Zonke izivinini zeprosesa zisekelwe ezintweni ezimbili ezihlukene, isivinini sebhasi, kanye ne-multiplier.

Isivinini sebhasi yisilinganiso somjikelezo wewashi esiyinhloko ukuthi iprosesa ixhumana nezinto ezifana nenkumbulo kanye ne-chipset. Kuvame ukulinganiswa esikalini sesilinganiso se-MHz esibhekisela kwinani lemijikelezo ngomzuzwana ukuthi ligijima. Inkinga ibhasi lebhasi lisetshenziswe njalo ngezici ezahlukene zekhompiyutha futhi cishe liphansi kunalokhu umsebenzisi elindele. Isibonelo, i-protocol ye-AMD XP 3200+ isebenzisa inkumbulo ye-DMM 400 MHz, kodwa empeleni, i-processor isebenzisa ibhasi elingaphambili elingama-200MHz, ihora liphindwe kabili ukusebenzisa imemori ye-400 MHz DDR. Ngokufanayo, abahumushi be-Pentium 4 C banebhasi elibhekene ne-800 MHz , kodwa ngempela i-quad iphethe ibhasi le-200 MHz.

I-multiplier yinkimbinkimbi ukuthi i-processor izogijima uma kuqhathaniswa nesivinini sebhasi. Lena inombolo yangempela yokujikeleza imijikelezo izosebenza ngomjikelezo wewashi owodwa wejubane lebhasi. Ngakho, iprosesa ye-Pentium 4 2.4GHz "B" isekelwe kulokhu okulandelayo:

133 MHz x 18 ukuphindaphinda = 2394MHz noma 2.4 GHz

Uma ukwedlula ngokweqile iprosesa, lezi yizici ezimbili ezingasetshenziselwa ukuthonya ukusebenza.

Ukwandisa isivinini sebhasi kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu njengoba kukhulisa izici ezifana nejubane lememori (uma inkumbulo isebenza ngokuvumelana ncamashi) kanye nesivinini seprosesa. I-multiplier inomthelela ophansi kunesivinini sebhasi, kodwa kungaba nzima ukulungisa.

Ake sibone isibonelo sabaprosesa abathathu be-AMD:

Isibonelo se-CPU Phindaphinda Isivinini sebhasi I-CPU Clock Speed
I-Athlon XP 2500+ 11x 166 MHz 1.83 GHz
I-Athlon XP 2800+ 12.5x 166 MHz I-2.08 GHz
I-Athlon XP 3000+ 13x 166 MHz 2.17 GHz
I-Athlon XP 3200+ 11x 200 MHz I-2.20 GHz

Ake sibheke izibonelo ezimbili zokwedlula ngokweqile iprosesa ye-XP2500 + ukuze ubone ukuthi ijubane le-clock elilinganisiwe liyoba yini ngokushintsha noma isivinini sebhasi:

Isibonelo se-CPU I-Overclock Factor Phindaphinda Isivinini sebhasi I-CPU Clock
I-Athlon XP 2500+ Ukunyuka kwebhasi 11x (166 + 34) i-MHz I-2.20 GHz
I-Athlon XP 2500 + Ukwanda kweMiningi (11 + 2) x 166 MHz 2.17 GHz

Kulesi sibonelo esingenhla, senze izinguquko ezimbili ngamunye ngomphumela owubeka ngesivinini se-3200+ noma inqubo ye-3000+. Yiqiniso, lezi zivinini azitholakali kuzo zonke i-Athlon XP 2500+. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka kube nenani elikhulu lezinye izici okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze ufinyelele kuleso sivinini.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukweqa ngokweqile kwaba yinkinga evela kubathengisi abathile abangenangqondo ababenama-overclocking abahlaziyi bezindleko eziphansi futhi bethengisa njengama-processor aphezulu, abakhiqizi baqala ukusebenzisa i-hardware ukukhiya ukwenza kunzima kakhulu ukudlula. Indlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ngokuvala iwashi. Abakhiqizi bashintsha amathrekhi kwi-chips ukugijima kuphela kumaphindeli athile. Lokhu kusenganqotshwa ngokuguqulwa kweprosesa, kodwa kunzima kakhulu.

Imiqulu

Yonke inxenye yekhompiyutha ilawulwa kwimibandela ethile yokusebenza kwayo. Phakathi nenqubo yokweqelela izingxenye, kungenzeka ukuthi isignali kagesi izohlonishwa njengoba idabula abajikelezayo. Uma ukulimala kwanele, kungabangela uhlelo ukuthi lube lukhuni. Uma ushaya ngokweqile umshini webhasi noma we-multiplier, izimpawu zingase zibe nokuphazamiseka. Ukuze ulwisane nalokhu, umuntu angandisa izintandokazi kumgudu we- CPU , imemori noma ibhasi le- AGP .

Kunomkhawulo wemali yamandla angeziwe angasetshenziswa kumprosesa.

Uma kusetshenziswa umthamo omkhulu, izifunda eziphakathi izingxenye zingabhubhisa. Ngokujwayelekile lokhu akuyona inkinga ngoba amabhodi amaningi omama avimbela izilungiselelo zamandla we-voltage. Inkinga evame kakhulu iyashisa. I-voltage eyengeziwe ihlinzekwa, iphakethe umkhiqizo oshisayo weprosesa.

Ukubhekana Nokushisa

Isithiyo esikhulu sokwedlula ngokweqile uhlelo lwekhompiyutha ukushisa. Amasistimu e-computer asheshayo okwamanje avelisa ukushisa okukhulu. Ukweqa ngokweqile uhlelo lwekhompiyutha kuhlanganisa nje lezi zinkinga. Ngenxa yalokho, noma ubani ohlela ukudlula uhlelo lwawo lwekhompiyutha kufanele azi kahle izidingo zokuxazulula ukuphefumula okuphezulu .

Indlela evamile kakhulu yokupholisa uhlelo lwekhompiyutha ngokusebenzisa umoya ovamile ukupholisa. Lokhu kuza ngesimo sama-heatsinks we-CPU nabalandeli, ama-spreaders wokushisa ememori, abalandeli kuma-video amakhadi nabalandeli be-case. Ukuthuthwa kwe-air efanele kanye nokuqhuba kahle izinsimbi kuyisihluthulelo ekusebenzeni ukupholisa umoya. Izindebe ezinkulu zethusi zivame ukwenza ngcono futhi inani elikhulu lamacala abalandeli abashayela emoyeni ohlelweni lisiza futhi ukuthuthukisa ukupholisa.

Ngaphandle kokupholisa umoya, kukhona ukupholisa uketshezi kanye nokuguqulwa kwesigaba sokupholisa. Lezi zinhlelo ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ziyabiza kunezixazululo ezijwayelekile zokupholisa i- PC, kodwa zinikeza ukusebenza okuphakeme ekushiseni kokushisa nomsindo ophansi. Izindlela ezakhelwe kahle zingavumela ukuthi i-overclocker iqhubekele ukusebenza kwehadiwe labo ngokulinganiselwa kwayo, kodwa izindleko zingagcina zibiza ngaphezu kwenqubo yokuqalisa. Enye indlela yokuphuza isiphuzo esiphumelela ohlelweni olungaphazamisa izikhwama zikagesi ezilimaza noma ezibhubhisa imishini.

Ukucubungula okuhambisanayo

Kulo lonke lesi sihloko, sesixoxile ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukudlula isistimu, kodwa kunezici eziningi ezithinta ngabe uhlelo lwekhompiyutha lungase lubekwe ngaphezulu. Okokuqala futhi okuyinhloko yi-motherboard ne-chipset eneBIOS evumela umsebenzisi ukuthi ashintshe izilungiselelo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kunokwenzeka, akunakwenzeka ukuguqula isivinini sebhasi noma abaphindaphindiwe ukuze baqhube ukusebenza. Izinhlelo eziningi zekhompyutha ezitholakalayo ezivela kubakhiqizi abakhulu azikwazi lokhu. Yingakho abantu abaningi abanesithakazelo sokudlula ngokweqile bathambekele ekuthengeni izingxenye ezithile futhi bazakhele izinhlelo zabo noma abahlanganisi abathengisa izingxenye ezenza kwenzeke ukuthi zidlule.

Ngaphandle kwekhono lamamabhodi lokulungisa izilungiselelo zangempela ze- CPU , ezinye izingxenye kumele nazo zikwazi ukubhekana nokwanda okusheshayo. Ukushisa sekukhulunywe kakade, kodwa uma umuntu ehlela ukudlula ngaphezulu kwebhasi bese egcina inkumbulo ye-synchronous ukuze inikeze ukusebenza kahle kwenkumbulo, kubalulekile ukuthenga imemori ekala noma ehlolwe ukuvinjelwa okuphakeme. Isibonelo, ukudlula ngaphezulu kwebhasi le-Athlon XP 2500+ elibhekene ne-166 MHz kuya ku-200 MHz kudinga ukuba uhlelo lube nenkumbulo ebizwa nge-PC3200 noma i-DDR400. Yingakho izinkampani ezifana neCorsair ne-OCZ zithandwa kakhulu ngama-overclockers.

Isivinini sangaphambili sebhasi libuye liqondise nezinye izixhumanisi ohlelweni lwekhompyutha. I-chipset isebenzisa isilinganiso sokunciphisa isivinini sangaphambili sebhasi ukugijima ngesivinini se-interfaces. Ama-interfaces amathathu amakhulu amakhulu ama-AGP (66 MHz), i-PCI (33 MHz) ne-ISA (16 MHz). Lapho ibhasi elingaphambi lilungiswa, la mabhasi azophinde aphumelele ngaphandle kokuthi i-chipset i-BIOS ivumela isilinganiso sokulungiswa. Ngakho kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukulungisa isivinini sebhasi kungathinta kanjani ukuzinza kwezinye izingxenye. Yiqiniso, ukwandisa lezi zinhlelo zebhasi nakho kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo, kodwa kuphela uma izingxenye zingakwazi ukubhekana nokusheshisa. Amakhadi amaningi wokunweba awancane kakhulu ekubekezeleni kwabo nakuba.

Ukuphumula nokuzinzile

Manje labo ababheke ukuba benze okungaphezu kokugqwabanisa kufanele baxwayiswe ukuba bangashukumisi izinto kude kakhulu ngokushesha. Ukweqa ngokweqile kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yesilingo nesiphambeko. Kuyacaca ukuthi i-CPU ingakwazi ukugqoka ngokweqile okokuqala, kepha kungcono kakhulu ukuqala kancane futhi kancane kancane usebenze ngokusheshisa. Kungcono ukuhlola uhlelo ngokugcwele kwisicelo sokukhokhisa isikhathi esithile sokuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo luzinzile ngaleso sikhathi. Le nqubo iphindwa kuze kube yilapho isistimu ingavivinyi ngokugcwele. Ngaleso sikhathi, sinyathelo izinto emuva kancane ukuze unikeze ikamelo elithile ukuze uvumele uhlelo oluzinzile olunamathuba amancane okulimala izingxenye.

Iziphetho

Ukweqa ngokweqile kuyindlela yokwandisa ukusebenza kwezingxenye zekhompiyutha ezijwayelekile ekuvinjeni okungenzeka okungaphezu kwezingqinamba ezilinganisiwe zomenzi. Ukuzuza okusebenzayo okungatholakala ngokudlula ngokweqile kuyinhloko, kodwa kufanele kucatshangelwe okuningi ngaphambi kokuthatha izinyathelo zokudlula ngaphezulu uhlelo. Kubalulekile ukwazi izingozi ezihilelekile, izinyathelo okumelwe zenziwe ukuze uthole imiphumela nokuqonda okucacile ukuthi imiphumela izohluka kakhulu. Labo abazimisele ukuthatha izingozi bangathola ukusebenza okuhle kusuka kumasistimu nasezingxenyeni ezingagcina zingabizi kakhulu kunomshini wesistimu.

Kulabo abafuna ukwenza ngokweqile, kunconywa kakhulu ukwenza usesho kwi-Inthanethi ukuze uthole ulwazi. Ukucwaninga izingxenye zakho kanye nezinyathelo ezihilelekile zibaluleke kakhulu ekuphumeleleni.