I-802.11ac iyinhlangano yezintambo ezingenazintambo ze- Wi-Fi eziphambili kakhulu kunezinga elidlule le- 802.11n yesizukulwane esidlule. Ukubala emuva kwenguqulo yokuqala engaziwayo ye-802.11 echazwe emuva ngo-1997, i-802.11ac imelela isizukulwane sesi-5 sobuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi. Uma kuqhathaniswa no-802.11n nabangaphambi kwayo, i-802.11ac inikeza ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi engcono kanye nokusebenza okusebenzayo ngokusebenzisa i-hardware ehambile kakhulu ne-firmware ye-device.
Umlando we-802.11ac
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-802.11ac kwaqala ngo-2011. Nakuba izinga liphelile ekupheleni kuka-2013 futhi livunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ngoJanuwari 7, 2014, imikhiqizo yabathengi esekelwe izinguqulo zangaphambili zokubhaliswa kwezinga elibonakalayo ngaphambili.
Ama-802.11ac Technical Specifications
Ukuncintisana embonini nokusekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame ukufana nokusakazwa kwevidiyo okudinga ukuxhumana okuphezulu, i-802.11ac yenzelwe ukwenza okufanayo ku- Gigabit Ethernet . Ngempela, i-802.11ac inikeza amanani wedatha we-theoretical of 1 Gbps . Ukwenza lokhu ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokuthuthukiswa okungenazintambo ezingenantambo, ikakhulukazi:
- iziteshi ezisebenzisa indawo ebanzi (ebanzi) yama frequency, futhi
- inombolo enkulu yama-radios nama-antenna ukuze kunikezwe ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngesikhathi esisodwa
I-802.11ac isebenza ebangeni lesithenjwa se- GHz 5 ngokungafani nezizukulwane ezidlule ze-Wi-Fi ezisetshenziselwe iziteshi ezingu-2.4 ze-GHz. Abaqambi be-802.11ac benza lokhu kukhethe ngezizathu ezimbili:
- ukugwema izinkinga zokuphazamiseka okungenazintambo ezijwayelekile 2.4 GHz njengoba ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamagadgethe zabathengi zisebenzisa lezi zikhathi ezifanayo (ngenxa yezinqumo zikahulumeni zokulawula)
- ukuze kusebenze iziteshi zokusakaza ezibanzi (njengoba kushiwo ngenhla) kunezithuba ezingu-2.4 GHz ezivumela ngokukhululekile
Ukugcina ukuhambisana okubuyisela emuva nemikhiqizo ye-Wi-Fi endala, ama-router enethiwekhi angenantambo angama-802.11ac abuye afake ukusekelwa kwe-protocol ye-2.4 GHz ehlukile.
Esinye isici esisha se-802.11ac esibizwa ngokuthi i-beamforming senzelwe ukwandisa ukuthembeka kokuxhumana kwe-Wi-Fi ezindaweni eziningi ezigcwele. Ubuchwepheshe be-Beamforming buvumela ama-radios we-Wi-Fi ukuthi aqondise izibonakaliso zawo eziqondisweni ezithile zokuthola ama-antenna esikhundleni sokusabalalisa isignali kuma-180 noma ama-360 amadijithi njengamarediyo wendabuko.
I-Beamforming ingenye yezinto ezikhethwe yi-standard ye-802.11ac njengokuzikhethela, kanye neziteshi zomsakazo ezimbili ezibanzi (160 MHz esikhundleni sama-80 MHz) nezinye izinto eziningana ezingavamile.
Izinkinga ezine-802.11ac
Abanye abahlaziyi kanye nabathengi bekungabaza ukuthi izinzuzo zangempela zomhlaba 802.11ac ziletha. Abathengi abaningi abazange bathuthukise ngokuzenzakalelayo amanethiwekhi abo ekhaya kusuka ku-802.11g kuya ku-802.11n, isibonelo, njengoba izinga elidala lihlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo. Ukuze ujabulele izinzuzo zokusebenza kanye nokusebenza okugcwele 802.11ac, amadivayisi kokubili kokuphela kokuxhumeka kufanele asekele izinga elisha. Ngenkathi ama-router angu-802.11ac efika emakethe ngokusheshisa , ama-chips angu-802.11ac afanelekile athatha isikhathi eside ukuze athole indlela yokuya kuma-Smartphones nakuma-laptops, isibonelo.