Ukwakha iwebhusayithi kumaklayenti kuyathakazelisa, ikakhulukazi njengoba iphrojekthi ifika ekupheleni futhi ekugcineni ulungele ukuvula amafayela wephrojekthi kuklayenti lakho. Kule ngxenye ebalulekile kule phrojekthi, kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha ukuletha isayithi lokugcina. Kukhona nezinye izinto ezingalungile ongayenza ezizokwenza inqubo yeprojekthi enhle ibe ukubandakanyeka okuhlulekile!
Ekugcineni, ngincoma ukuthi uchaze indlela ozoyisebenzisa ngayo iphrojekthi enkontileka, Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho mbuzo mayelana nokuthi uzothola kanjani wonke amafayela kumakhasimende akho uma leso sayithi sigcwalisiwe. Ngaphambi kokubeka le migomo, noma kunjalo, kufanele uqale ukucacisa ukuthi yikuphi indlela yokulethwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe namakhasimende akho.
Ukuthumela Amafayela Nge-imeyili
Lena yindlela elula yokuthola amafayela akho kusuka ku-hard drive yakho kumakhasimende wakho. Konke okudingayo ukuthi unamaklayenti we-imeyli kanye nekheli le-imeyili elivumelekile elizosetshenziswa kumakhasimende wakho. Kwamawebhusayithi amaningi anamakhasi ahlukahlukene kanye namafayela angaphandle afana nezithombe, ama- stylesheets , nama-Javascript amafayela, kuzodingeka usebenzise uhlelo "ukuvala" lawo mafayili kwifolda ephoqelelwe engathunyelwa nge-imeyili kuklayenti.
Ngaphandle kokuthi isayithi likhulu kakhulu ngenkatho nemifanekiso eminingi noma amafayela wevidiyo, le nqubo kufanele ikuthole ifayela lokugcina elincane ngokwanele ukuze lithumele nge-imeyili (okusho eyodwa engeke ibe mkhulu kangangokuba ihlatshwa umkhosi futhi ivinjelwe ngogaxekile izihlungi). Kunezinkinga eziningana ezikhona ngokuthumela iwebhusayithi nge-imeyili:
- Amakhasimende amaningi angase angazi ukuthi angalayisha kanjani amafayela kwisiphakeli sewebhu. Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi abazi ukuthi bangayifaka kanjani amafayela kusuka ku-imeyili yabo noma ukuthi bayabeka kuphi lapho bekwenza.
- Amanye amaseva we-imeyili acabangela amafayela we- HTML (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ZIP) njengengozi futhi angabamba okunamathiselwe kumyalezo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ufaka amafayela we-JavaScript.
- I-imeyili ayivikelekile. Uma i-HTML iqukethe idatha ebucayi, ingabonwa ngabaduni njengoba ithunyelwe.
- Amakhasi anamandla afana ne-PHP noma ama-scripts afana ne-CGI angadinga ukugijima kwi-server ephilayo ukusebenza kahle, futhi amaklayenti akho angeke azi ukuthi angakwenza kanjani lokho.
Ngisebenzisa kuphela i-imeyili ukuletha amasayithi uma ngiyazi ukuthi iklayenti inokuqonda kahle ukuthi yini okufanele ngiyenze namafayela engiwathumelayo. Isibonelo, uma ngisebenza njengonkontileka encane yethimba le-web design, ngizimisele ukuthumela amafayela nge-imeyili enkampanini engiqashile kusukela ngiyazi ukuthi izotholwa ngabantu abanolwazi futhi bazokwazi ukusingatha amafayela. Uma kungenjalo, uma ngibhekana nabachwepheshe abangewona web, ngisebenzisa enye yezindlela ngezansi.
Finyelela ku-Live Site
Lokhu kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuletha amafayela kumakhasimende akho-ngokungawunikeli nhlobo. Esikhundleni salokho, ubeka amakhasi aqedile ngqo kwiwebhusayithi yabo ebukhoma nge-FTP. Uma iwebhusayithi isiphelile futhi ivunyiwe iklayenti lakho endaweni ehlukile (njengesiqondisi esifihliwe kusayithi noma enye iwebhusayithi), uyisusa ukuthi iphile wena. Enye indlela yokwenza lokhu ukudala isayithi endaweni eyodwa (mhlawumbe kuseva ye-Beta oyisebenzisayo ukuthuthukiswa), bese kuthi uma iphila, shintsha ukungena kwesizinda se-DNS ukuze ukhombe kusayithi elisha.
Le ndlela iyasiza kumakhasimende angenalo ulwazi oluningi ekwakheni amawebhusayithi noma uma wakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamandla zewebhu nge-PHP noma i-CGI futhi udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izikripthi zesayithi zisebenza kahle kwimvelo ebukhoma. Uma kufanele uhambise amafayela kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya komunye, kungumqondo omuhle ukuwafaka njengezidingo zokuthumela i-imeyili. Ukuba ne-FTP kusuka kuseva kuya kuseva (kunokuba ufike phansi kuya ku-hard drive yakho bese uphindela emuva kuseva ebukhoma) ungasheshisa izinto futhi. Izinkinga ngale ndlela zihlanganisa:
- Amaklayenti awafuni njalo ukunikeza ukufinyelela kwisayithi labo ukuya kuma-freelancer, ngakho-ke ungase ube nokungabaza lapho ucela ukuthola indawo.
- Amanye amawebhusayithi akhiwe ngemuva kwe-firewall kanye nama-freelancers abakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo.
- Amaklayenti angase abe nomuzwa wokuthi kufanele utholakale ukwesekwa nokugcinwa okwengeziwe ngaphezu kwalokho okusesikontweni sakho ngoba nje uthola indawo yawo manje.
- Uma uwakha noma ushintsha ingxenye nje yesayithi, noma yikuphi iphutha kungabangela izinkinga kuzo zonke ezinye izingosi futhi okungaba yinkinga yakho ngokushesha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubangele inkinga noma cha.
Lena indlela engiyithandayo yokuletha amafayela uma ngisebenza namakhasimende angazi i-HTML noma i-web design. Eqinisweni, ngivame ukunikela ukuze ngithole ukubamba iqhaza komthengi njengengxenye yenkontileka ukuze ngifinyelele esakhiweni ngenkathi ngiyithuthukisa. Khona-ke lapho isayithi seliphelile, ngibanika imininingwane ye-akhawunti. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nalapho ngisiza iklayenti ukuthola umhlinzeki wokusingatha , njalo nginakho amakhasimende asingatha ukuphela kokukhokha kokubamba, futhi njengengxenye yenkontileka, ukuze ngingabambeli ukukhokhela ukubamba ngemuva kokuqeda ukuklama .
Amathuluzi okugcina e-intanethi
Kunamathuluzi amaningi wokugcina e-intanethi ongayisebenzisa ukugcina idatha yakho noma ukuvuselela i-hard drive yakho, kodwa enye into ongawasebenzisa ngayo njengendlela yokuletha ifayela. Amathuluzi afana ne-Dropbox enza kube lula ukubeka amafayela kuwebhu bese unikeza amaklayenti akho i-URL ukuze ayilande.
Empeleni, i-Dropbox ikuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise njengefomu lokusingatha iwebhu ngokukhomba amafayela e-HTML kufolda yomphakathi, ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa njengendawo yokuhlola yemibhalo elula ye-HTML. Le ndlela inhle kumaklayenti aqonda ukuthi angahambisa kanjani amafayela aqediwe kuseva yabo ephilayo kodwa ngeke asebenze kahle namaklayenti angazi ukwenza kanjani i-web design noma i-HTML. Izinkinga ngale ndlela zifana nezinkinga ngokuthumela okunamathiselwe kwe-imeyili:
- Amakhasimende angeke azi ukuthi angayisebenzisa kanjani isevisi.
- Amaklayenti angase angazi ukuthi angayithola kanjani amafayela kusuka kuDropbox kuya kuwebhusayithi yawo.
Le ndlela ivikelekile kakhulu kunokuthumela okunamathiselwe nge-imeyili. Amathuluzi amaningi wokugcina ahlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwephasiwedi noma ukufihla ama-URL ukuze angatholakali muntu ongayazi. Ngithanda ukusebenzisa la mathuluzi lapho okunamathiselwe kuyoba mkhulu kakhulu ukuthumela nge-imeyili ngempumelelo. Njenge-imeyili, ngiyisebenzisa kuphela ngamaqembu wewebhu abasazi ukuthi benzeni nefayela le-zip uma bewamukela.
Isofthiwe ye-Online Management Software
Kunamathuluzi amaningi wokuphatha iphrojekthi atholakalayo ku-intanethi ongawasebenzisa ukuletha amawebhusayithi kumakhasimende. Lawa mathuluzi anikeza izici ezingaphezu nje kokugcina amafayela afana nokwenza uhlu, amakhalenda, imiyalezo, njalonjalo. Omunye wamathuluzi ami abathandayo yi-Basecamp.
Amathuluzi wokuphathwa kwephrojekthi e-inthanethi ayasiza lapho udinga ukusebenza neqembu elikhudlwana kuphrojekthi yewebhu. Ungayisebenzisa kokubili ukuletha amasayithi wokugcina nokusebenzisana ngenkathi uyakha. Ungakwazi futhi ukugcina ithrekhi yezinto ezithunyelwayo kanye nokwenza amanothi ngalokho okuqhubekayo kuphrojekthi.
Kukhona ezinye izinto ezingenzi lutho:
- Amathuluzi amaningi wokuphatha iphrojekthi e-intanethi awakhululekile, futhi izinguqulo zamahhala zilinganiselwe. Uma unquma ukusebenzisa enye, kufanele ucabangele izindleko ukuthi uzokukhokhisa kangakanani, futhi njengaso sonke isikhathi, ziphawulwe kwinkontileka.
- Kuyinto enye iwebhusayithi oyidingayo ukuhlola futhi enye isofthiwe kokubili wena namakhasimende akho kudingeka ufunde ukusebenzisa.
- Ziwusizo kuphela njengolwazi olufake kubo-ngamanye amazwi, uma ungafaki usuku olufanele, lolu hlelo alukwazi ukukuxwayisa ukuthi selusondele lapha.
- Ezinye izinkampani azithandi ulwazi lwazo lwenkampani (kufaka phakathi amawebhusayithi) agcinwe kwisayithi lesithathu lesithathu ngezizathu zokuphepha. Qiniseka ukuxoxa ngalokhu neklayenti lakho ngaphambi kokukhokha i-akhawunti.
Ngisebenzisile i-Basecamp futhi ngithola ithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu ekuhambiseni amafayela kumakhasimende, bese ngenza izibuyekezo kulawo mafayela futhi ngibona amanothi asondelene. Kuyindlela enhle yokulandelela iphrojekthi enkulu.
Idokhumenti Yendlela Yokuthumela Ozoyisebenzisa
Okunye okumele ukwenze uma unquma ukuthi uzokhipha kanjani amadokhumenti aqedile kumakhasimende ukuqinisekisa ukuthi leso sinqumo sibhalwe phansi futhi sivunyelwane kuso. Ngale ndlela ngeke uphumelele kunoma yikuphi ukuhlukunyezwa phansi komgwaqo lapho uhlela ukuthumela ifayela kuDropbox futhi ikhasimende lakho lifuna ukuthi ulayishe yonke indawo kwisiphakeli sabo.
Isihloko sokuqala sikaJennifer Krynin. Ihlelwe nguJeremy Girard ngomhlaka 12/09/16