I-Preference Preference pane ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule izinga lokuphepha lama-akhawunti womsebenzisi ku-Mac yakho. Ngokungeziwe, i-Preference Preference pane yilapho ulungisa khona umlilo we-Mac yakho, futhi uvula noma uvale idatha ye-akhawunti yakho yomsebenzisi.
Ikhefu lokukhetha lokuphepha lihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu.
Jikelele: Ulawula ukusetshenziswa kwephasiwedi, ngokuqondile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amaphasiwedi adingeka yini emisebenzini ethile. Ilawula ukuphuma okuzenzakalelayo kwe-akhawunti yomsebenzisi. Ikuvumela ukuba ucacise ukuthi ngabe amasevisi asekelwe endaweni angafinyelela yini idatha yendawo yakho ye-Mac.
FileVault : Ilawula ukubethela kwedatha kwifolda yakho yasekhaya, nayo yonke idatha yomsebenzisi wakho.
I-Firewall: Ikuvumela ukuba unike amandla noma ukhubaza i-firewall yakho eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, futhi ulungise izilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene ze- firewall .
Ake siqale ngokuhlela izilungiselelo zokuphepha ze-Mac yakho.
01 ngo-04
Qalisa Iphaneli Lokuthandayo Lokuphepha
Chofoza isithonjana sezintandokazi zesistimu ku-Dock noma khetha 'Izintandokazi Zesistimu' kusuka kwimenyu ye-Apple.
Chofoza isithonjana sezokuphepha kusigaba somuntu siqu sewindi lezintandokazi zesistimu.
Qhubekela ekhasini elilandelayo ukuze ufunde ngezindlela ezijwayelekile zokuhlela.
02 ka 04
Ukusebenzisa i-Pane ye-Mac Security Preference Pane - Izilungiselelo ezijwayelekile ze-Mac Security
Ikhodi yezintandokazi ze-Mac Security inezintathu ezintathu eduze kwefasitela. Khetha ithebhu evamile ukuze uqalise ngokulungisa izilungiselelo zakho zokuphepha jikelele ze-Mac.
Isigaba Esijwayelekile se-Okukhethwa kukho kokuphepha kokuphepha kulawula izilungiselelo eziningi eziyisisekelo kodwa ezibalulekile ze-Mac yakho. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizokukhombisa ukuthi isilungiselelo ngasinye sithini, nokuthi ungenza kanjani ushintsho kuzilungiselelo. Ungabe usunquma uma udinga izithuthukisi ezokuphepha ezitholakalayo kusuka kulayini lokukhethwa kokuphepha.
Uma wabelana nge-Mac yakho nabanye, noma i-Mac yakho isendaweni lapho abanye bangayithola khona kalula, ungase ufise ukwenza izinguquko ezithile kulezi zilungiselelo.
Izilungiselelo ze-General Mac Security
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwenza izinguquko, kufanele uqale ukufakazela ubuqiniso bakho nge-Mac yakho.
Chofoza isithonjana sokukhiya ngakwesokudla ngezansi kwesokunxele sekhasi lokukhethwa kwezokuphepha.
Uzothunyelwa igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi yomlawuli . Nikeza imininingwane eceliwe, bese uchofoza OK.
Isithonjana sokukhiya sizoguqula esimweni esivuliwe. Manje usulungele ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ozifisayo.
Kudinga iphasiwedi: Uma ufaka uphawu lokuhlola lapha, khona-ke wena (noma noma ubani ozama ukusebenzisa i-Mac yakho) kuyodingeka ukuthi unikeze iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti okwamanje ukuze uphume ubuthongo noma umsizi wesikrini osebenzayo. Lokhu kuyisilinganiso esihle sokuphepha esisisekelo esingagcina amehlo akho angaboni ekuboneni okwamanje okwenzayo, noma ukufinyelela idatha yakho ye-akhawunti yomsebenzisi.
Uma ukhetha le nketho, ungasebenzisa imenyu yokudonsa ukuze ukhethe isikhathi sokuvala ngaphambi kokuba iphasiwedi iyadingeka. Ngiphakamisa ukukhetha isikhathi esanele ngokwanele ukuze uphume iseshini sokulondoloza noma isikrini esiqala ngokungalindelekile, ngaphandle kokudinga ukunikeza iphasiwedi. Imizuzwana emihlanu noma iminithi engu-1 yizinqumo ezinhle.
Khubaza ukungena ngemvume okuzenzakalelayo: Lokhu kukhetho kudinga ukuthi abasebenzisi baqinisekise ubuqiniso babo ngephasiwedi noma kunini lapho bengena khona.
Kudinga iphasiwedi ukuvula indawo ngayinye yezintandokazi zesistimu: Ngalolu khetho olukhethiwe, abasebenzisi kumele banikeze i-ID yabo ye-akhawunti kanye nephasiwedi nganoma isiphi isikhathi bazama ukwenza ushintsho kunoma iyiphi inqubo yokuphepha ephephile. Ngokuvamile, ukuqinisekiswa kokuqala kuvula zonke izintandokazi zesistimu ezivikelekile.
Phuma ngemuva kwe-xx amaminithi wokusebenza: Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe inani elibekiwe lexesha elingenalutho ngemva kwalokho i-akhawunti engena ngemvume manje izongena ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Sebenzisa imemori ebonakalayo ephephile: Ukukhetha le nketho kuzophoqelela noma iyiphi idatha ye-RAM ebhaliswe ku-hard drive yakho ukuze ibhalwe kuqala. Lokhu kusebenza kokubili imemori yokusetshenziswa kwememori kanye nemodi Yokulala uma okuqukethwe kwe-RAM kubhalwa ku-hard drive yakho.
Khubaza amasevisi wendawo: Ukukhetha le nketho kuzovimbela i-Mac yakho ekunikezeni idatha yendawo kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza olucela ulwazi.
Chofoza inkinobho yokulungisa izixwayiso ukuze ususe idatha yendawo esivele isetshenziswa yizinhlelo zokusebenza.
Khubaza isilawuli se-infrared esilawuliwe kude: Uma i-Mac yakho ifakwe ngamukeli we-IR, le nketho izovula i-receiver, ivimbele noma iyiphi idivayisi ye-IR ekuthumeni imiyalo ku-Mac yakho.
03 ka 04
Ukusebenzisa I-Mac Security Preference Pane - Izilungiselelo zeFayileVault
IfayelaVault isebenzisa uhlelo lokubhala lokubhaliwe lwe-128-bit (AES-128) ukuvikela idatha yakho yomsebenzisi ekukheni amehlo. Ukubethela ifolda yakho ekhaya kwenza kube nzima ukuthi noma ubani angene noma iyiphi idatha yomsebenzisi ku-Mac yakho ngaphandle kwegama lakho le-akhawunti yakho nephasiwedi.
FileVault ingaba usizo kakhulu kulabo abanama-Macs aphathekayo abathintekayo ngokulahlekelwa noma ukweba. Uma ifayela i-FileVault inikwe amandla, ifolda yakho yasekhaya iba isithombe se-disk esibhaliwe esibekwe ukufinyeleleka ngemuva kokungena ngemvume. Uma uvala, vala, noma ulale, isithombe sefolda sasekhaya asikatholakali futhi asitholakali.
Uma uqala ukunika ifayela le-FileVault, ungathola inqubo yokubethela ingathatha isikhathi eside kakhulu. I-Mac yakho iguqula yonke idatha yefolda yakho ekhaya kwisithombe sediski sekhodi. Uma inqubo yokubethela iphelile, i-Mac yakho iyobethela futhi ifake amafayili amafayili uma kudingeka, ngendiza. Lokhu kubangela isigwebo esincane kakhulu sokusebenza, okungeke usiqaphele ngaphandle uma ufinyelela amafayela amakhulu kakhulu.
Ukuze ushintshe izilungiselelo zeFayileVault, khetha ithebhu yefayela ye-FileVault kulayini lezintandokazi zokuphepha.
Ilungiselela FileVault
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwenza izinguquko, kufanele uqale ukufakazela ubuqiniso bakho nge-Mac yakho.
Chofoza isithonjana sokukhiya ngakwesokudla ngezansi kwesokunxele sekhasi lokukhethwa kwezokuphepha.
Uzothunyelwa igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi yomlawuli. Nikeza imininingwane eceliwe, bese uchofoza OK.
Isithonjana sokukhiya sizoguqula esimweni esivuliwe. Manje usulungele ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ozifisayo.
Setha Iphasiwedi Eyinhloko: Iphasiwedi enkulu ihluleka-ephephile. Ikuvumela ukuthi usethe kabusha iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi uma kwenzeka ukhohlwa ulwazi lwakho lokungena ngemvume. Noma kunjalo, uma ukhohlwa kokubili iphasiwedi yakho yomsebenzisi nephasiwedi enkulu, ngeke ukwazi ukufinyelela idatha yakho yomsebenzisi.
Vula i-FileVault: Lokhu kuzokwenza uhlelo lwe-FileVault lokubethela kwi-akhawunti yakho yomsebenzisi. Uzocelwa iphasiwedi yakho ye-akhawunti bese unikezwa okulandelayo:
Sebenzisa ukususa okuphephile: Lolu khetho lugqamisa idatha uma ulahla udoti. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ephikisiwe ayitholakali kalula.
Sebenzisa imemori ebonakalayo ephephile: Ukukhetha le nketho kuzophoqelela noma iyiphi idatha ye-RAM ebhaliswe ku-hard drive yakho ukuze ibhalwe kuqala.
Uma uvula ifayela le-FileVault, uzophuma ngaphandle ngenkathi i-Mac yakho ibhala idatha yedolda yakho ekhaya. Lokhu kungathatha isikhathi esithile, kuye ngobukhulu befolda yakho yasekhaya.
Uma inqubo yokubethela iphelile, i-Mac yakho izobonisa isikrini sokungena ngemvume, lapho ungahlinzeka khona ngephasiwedi yakho yokungena ngemvume.
04 ka 04
Ukusebenzisa i-Pane ye-Mac Security Preference - Ukuhlela i-Firewall yakho ye-Mac
I-Mac yakho ihlanganisa isibhamu somlilo ongasisebenzisa ukuvimbela uxhumano lwenethiwekhi noma i-Inthanethi. I-firewall ye-Mac isekelwe kumshini wokukhanya we- UNIX obizwa nge-ipfw. Lokhu kuyisitoreji esiphezulu, kodwa esisisekelo, sokupaka i-packet-filtering firewall. Kule firewall esemthethweni i-Apple ineza uhlelo lokuhlunga, olubizwa nangokuthi i-firewall yesicelo. I-firewall yesicelo yenza kube lula ukulungisa izilungiselelo zomlilo. Esikhundleni sokudinga ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amachweba nezinhlelo ezidingekayo, ungacacisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinelungelo lokwenza ukuxhumana okungenayo noma okuphumayo.
Ukuze uqale, khetha ithebhu ye-Firewall kulayini lokukhethwa kokuphepha.
Ilungiselela i-Firewall ye-Mac
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwenza izinguquko, kufanele uqale ukufakazela ubuqiniso bakho nge-Mac yakho.
Chofoza isithonjana sokukhiya ngakwesokudla ngezansi kwesokunxele sekhasi lokukhethwa kwezokuphepha.
Uzothunyelwa igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi yomlawuli. Nikeza imininingwane eceliwe, bese uchofoza OK.
Isithonjana sokukhiya sizoguqula esimweni esivuliwe. Manje usulungele ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ozifisayo.
Qala: Le nkinobho izoqala umlilo we-Mac. Uma i-firewall isiqalisiwe, inkinobho yokuqala izoshintshela inkinobho yokumisa.
Okuthuthukisiwe: Ukuchofoza le nkinobho kuzokuvumela ukuba usethe izinketho ze-firewall ye-Mac. Inkinobho Ethuthukisiwe inikwe amandla kuphela uma i-firewall ivaliwe.
Izinketho ezithuthukile
Vimbela konke ukuxhumana okungenayo: Ukukhetha le nketho kuzobangela ukuthi i-firewall ivimbele ukuxhumana okungenayo kumasevisi angabalulekile. Izinsizakalo ezibalulekile njengoba kuchazwe yi-Apple ziyi:
Lungiselela: Ivumela i-DHCP nezinye izinsiza zokucushwa kwenethiwekhi ukuthi zenzeke.
i-mDNSResponder: Ivumela inqubo ye-Bonjour ukusebenza.
I-raccoon: Ivumela i-IPSec (i-Internet Protocol Security) ukusebenza.
Uma ukhetha ukuvimba konke ukuxhumana okungenayo, khona-ke amafayela amaningi, i-screen, kanye nokuphrinta amasevisi wabelana ngeke asasebenza.
Vumela ngokuzenzakalelayo isofthiwe esayinwe ukuze uthole ukuxhumana okungenayo: Uma kukhethwe, le nketho izofaka ngokuzenzekelayo izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe ezisayinwe ohlwini lwezicelo ezivunyelwe ukwamukela uxhumano oluvela kwinethiwekhi yangaphandle, kuhlanganise ne-inthanethi.
Ungakwazi ukwengeza ngesandla uhlelo lokuhlunga kwesicelo somlilo we-firewall usebenzisa inkinobho yokufaka (+). Ngokufanayo, ungakwazi ukususa izinhlelo ezivela ohlwini usebenzisa inkinobho ye-minus (-).
Nika amandla imodi ye-stealth: Uma inikwe amandla, lokhu kulungiselelwa kuzokuvimbela i-Mac yakho ukuthi ingaphenduli imibuzo yethrafikhi kusukela kunethiwekhi. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi i-Mac yakho ibonakale engekho kunethiwekhi.