Abesifazane Abathonya Labo Abashintsha Umhlaba WeMidlalo Yemidlalo
Izinsuku zebhizinisi legeyimu yevidiyo ukuthi ibhola lomfana seliphelile nabathuthukisi begeyimu besifazane manje sebebaphethe njengabanye abaphathi abaphezulu bemboni. Nokho, kwakungelula ukukhuphuka. Ema-70s naku-80s lapho imakethe yemidlalo yevidiyo isanda kutholakala, abesifazane kwakudingeka balwe kanzima ukuze bathole amazwi abo ebhizinisi elibuswe ngamadoda. Labo abaphumelele benza amamaki amakhulu embonini yokudlala ngoba amakhono abo namathonya abo bashintsha umhlaba wezemidlalo yevidiyo ukuthi ube ngcono.
Nakhu okuthonya kakhulu nabesifazane emlandweni wevidiyo yevidiyo.
URoberta Williams: Co-Creator weMidlalo ye-Graphical Adventure neSierra
URoberta Williams ungomunye wabantu abaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wemidlalo yevidiyo. Ngo -79, uWilliams waphefumulelwa emva kokudlala umdlalo wekhompiyutha kuphela we-computer futhi wahlanganisa idokhumenti yokuklama eveze umdlalo ohlangene ohlanganisa umbhalo ngehluzo. Umyeni wakhe uKen, umlimi we-IBM, wakhetha injini yesofthiwe kanye ne-tech esebenzisa ikhompyutha yabo yasekhaya ye-Apple II. Lapho kuqedile, umdlalo, i- Mystery House , wawunomshini osheshayo, futhi uhlobo lwe-adventure lwe-adventure lwazalwa.
Lo mbhangqwana wakha inkampani ye-On-Line Systems (kamuva ebizwa ngokuthi iSierra) futhi yaba yilapho ibusa emidlalweni yekhompyutha.
Ngesikhathi uWilliam esemhlala umhlalaphansi ngo-1996, wabizwa ngemidlalo engaphezu kwezingu-30 zekhompiyutha, iningi lalo elabhala futhi lalungiselela, kuhlanganise naMakhosi Quest noFantasmagoria .
UCarol Shaw: Umhleli Wegeyimu Wokuqala Womdlalo kanye noMklami
Umhleli wekhompyutha uCarol Shaw uyaziwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe e-Activision nge-retro hit River Raid , kodwa eminyakeni eyedlule, uShaw usevele uzenzele igama emlandweni wemidlalo yevidiyo . Ngo-1978 wayenguyena wesifazane wokuqala ukuhlela nokuklama umdlalo wevidiyo, i- 3D Tic-Tac-Toe ye- Atari 2600 .
Ngo-1983, umdlalo wokugcina owawuhlelwe ngokuphelele futhi wazakhela wona, ama- Happy Trails , akhululwa njengoba nje imakethe yemidlalo yevidiyo iphazamisekile. Ngomkhakha wezingxabano, uShaw wathatha ikhefu ekwenzeni imidlalo kodwa wabuyela ngo-1988 ukuze aqondise ukukhiqizwa koMfula Raid II , ingoma yakhe yokugcina yengoma emhlabeni wokudlala i-console.
Shaw nomyeni wakhe uRalph Merkle, ochwepheshe emkhakheni we-cryptography kanye ne-nanotechnology, basuke behlala emsebenzini.
UDona Bailey: Owesifazane Wokuqala Wokuklama I-Arcade Game
Ezimisele ukungena kwi-biz yokwenza umdlalo, u-Dona Bailey wamukela isikhundla njengenjiniyela e-Atari ngo-1980. UCarol Shaw wayesele eshiye i-Activision, ngakho uBayley wayenguye kuphela umklami womdlalo wesifazane kule nkampani. Ngenkathi ekhona, wabambisana futhi wadala, kanye no-Ed Logg, i-classic hit arcade, i- Centipede .
Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwakhe ekuphumeleleni okusheshayo, uBaley washaywa embonini yegeyimu yevidiyo ukuze avuke iminyaka engama-26 kamuva njengesikhulumi esiyinhloko ku-2007 Women in Games Conference. UBaley uveze ukuthi ukucindezeleka nokugxekwa kwabafana bakhe abesilisa bamxosha ebhizinisini.
Namuhla uBaley ukhuthaza abesifazane ukuba baphishekele imisebenzi emidlalweni. Usebenza njengomfundisi wekolishi efundisa izifundo eziningi, phakathi kwabo emdlalweni wezemidlalo.
U-Anne Westfall: U-Programmer no-Co-Founder we-Free Fall Associates
Ngaphambi kokuba u-Anne Westfall aqale ukusebenza emidlalweni, wayengumqambi ohlakaniphile owadala uhlelo lokuqala lwe-microcomputer ukuhlela izihlukaniso. Ngo-1981, iWestfall nomyeni wakhe, uJon Freeman, bakha i-Free Fall Associates, umthuthukisi wokuqala ozimele owenziwe yi-Electronic Arts. Phakathi kwemidlalweni yabo eyakhiwe yiFeeman futhi ihlelwe yiWestfall kwaba isihloko sekhomputha esihlaselwe i- Archon , ngaleso sikhathi eyayingumthengisi omkhulu we-EA.
Ngaphandle komsebenzi wakhe njengomqambi nomthuthukisi, i-Westfall iphinde isebenze ebhodini lezinkomfa zabaphathi beMidlalo iminyaka eyisithupha. I-Westfall noFreeman baqambe kabusha inkampani yabo ye-Free Fall Games, nakuba iWestfall iye yachitha iminyaka eminingana edlule njenge-transcriptionist yezokwelapha.
UJane Jensen: Umlobi we-Adventure Umlando kanye noMklami
Lapho uRoberta Williams eshiya khona, uJane Jensen wathatha ithoshi futhi wagcina ukuloba umdlalo we-adventure ephakeme kakhulu nokuklama okuphilayo. UJane wasebenzela uWilliam ekuqaleni kuka-90s lapho eqala khona eMisebenzini Yobunjiniyela eSierra, ekugcineni ebhala futhi ediza amahlumela njengama Kings Quest VI , uchungechunge lweGabriel Knight nabanye abaningi. Umsebenzi wakhe emidlalweni yama-classic uye wabumba indlela indaba kanye nomdlalo wokwakha okungahambisani nawo ezinkambisweni zanamuhla zokuchofoza kanye nokuchofoza.
UJensen waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe emidlalweni ye-computer adventure ne- Agatha Christie ne -Women's Murder Club PC. Wathuthukisa umsebenzi wakhe wephupho, uGrey Matter , nge-Wizarbox, wabe esevula i-studio entsha yokuthuthukiswa kwemidlalo okuthiwa i-Pinkerton Road nomyeni wakhe uRobert Holmes.
UJenson ubhala inganekwane ngaphansi kwegama elithi Eli Easton .
UBrenda Laurel: Uchwepheshe, uMlobi noMklami ku-Human-Computer Interaction
Impilo kaBrenda Laurel bekulokhu kuhlolisisa indlela esihlangana ngayo namakhompyutha kanye nezinzuzo ezitholakala kuso. Waqala ukusebenzisa imidlalo yomsebenzi wakhe ekuqaleni kwama-80s njengelungu leqembu le-Atari ucwaningo kanye noMphathi weSystem Strategy. Ngo-1987 wabambisana ngokuzivocavoca, imithi yezokwelapha i- Laser I-Surgeon: I-Microscopic Mission, eyayibukeka ngokuqondile endleleni yokuhlinza ngobuchopho.
Eminyakeni engu-90, u-Laurel waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe njengenye yezimvo ezinamandla kakhulu ekucwaningweni kwangempela kanye nentuthuko ne-Telepresence yakhe yenkampani futhi eyasungula enye yezinkampani zesofthiwe zokuqala ukuze zenzeke ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukiseni imidlalo yamantombazane, i-Purple Moon.
U-Laurel usebenza njengomxhumanisi, isikhulumi, noprofesa, efundisa ukudibanisa kwe-2D ne-3D.
U-Amy Briggs: Umdali wegeyimu yokuqala yokudlala yabesifazane
Esikhathini esincane somdlalo we-Amy Brigg emhlabeni wonke wokudlala, wabonisa umbono owedlule isikhathi saso ngomdlalo we-adventure oqukethe ama-narrative kanye nama-protagonist ahlose ngqo kulabo ababukeli besifazane.
Ngo-1983, uBriggs wasebenza inkampani yokudlala imidlalo ye-Infocom njengomhloli. Amakhono akhe okubhala aqinile kanye nomoya wokuthoma uqinisekisa ukuthi abaphathi bakhanyisa umqondo wakhe ngomdlalo we-adventure-romance game yamantombazane, izinhliziyo eziphangiwe . Ngemuva kokubhala nokuhlela izinhliziyo ze-Hearts , i-Briggs yabhala i- Gamma Force: I-Pit ye-Thousand Screams kanye nezingxenye ezididiyelwe ze- Zork Zero .
UBriggs washiya imboni yezemidlalo ngo-198, ebuya esikoleni ukuze athole isitifiketi sakhe semfundo. Unenkampani ekhethekile ebunjiniyela bomuntu kanye ne-psychological cognitive futhi iyaqhubeka nokubhala.
UDoris Self: Umjaho Wokuqala Omncintiswano Womuntu Omdala Nomhlaba
Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engu-58 ubudala, uDoris Self wayengomunye wabadlali bezokuncintisana besifazane lapho efika ku-1983 Video Game Masters Tournament futhi wephule irekhodi eliphezulu eliphezulu le-Q * Bert ngamaphuzu angu-112,300. Nakuba amaphuzu akhe atshaywe eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, u-Self waqhubeka nokusebenzela ukunqoba i- Q * Bert .
U-Self wabonakala ku-documentary I- King of Kong: I-Quistters of Quarters , lapho iqhawe lePac -Man uBilly Mitchell emethula ngomshini we- Q * Bert arcade, okwenza lo Muntu oneminyaka engu-79 ubudala uqale ukuzikhandla futhi .
Ngokudabukisayo, ngo-2006, eneminyaka engu-81 ubudala, u-Self waphumela ekulimaweni eyamukelwe engozini yemoto. Nakuba engasekho emdlalweni, ifa lakhe lizohlala ezincwadini zomdlalo wokudlala ngokuncintisana.