Umdlalo we-tennis we-electronic olula kodwa okamangalisa futhi onomlutha lapho abadlali ababili bejikeleza khona ama-knobs alawula ukunyakaza okuqondile kwe-paddles yabo, ukuqhuma ibhola ledijithali ngokuphindaphindiwe, kwaba yimpumelelo yemlando eyakhayo imboni yemidlalo yevidiyo futhi ichazwa isikhala salo emlandweni wamasiko we pop. Njengoba kulula njengoba umdlalo ungaba ngamazinga anamuhla, umlando wePong ugcwele umzabalazo nokuphikisana.
I-Pong: Okuyisisekelo
- Isihloko: Pong
- Umshicileli / Developer: Atari, Inc.
- Usuku lokukhishwa: 1972 (i-Coin-Op Arcade Version), 1974 (i-Home version)
Umlando we-Pong
Njengoba umtapo uhamba "Ekuqaleni kwakukhona uPong ", okwenza abaningi bakholelwe ukuthi uPong yiyona mdlalo wokuqala wevidiyo, kodwa empeleni imishini eminingi yokudlala eyandulela yona, ngokuqala nge-tech ye- Tennis for Two (1958), i-PDP I-computer Labbs Bhalobhasha Spacewar! , imidlalo yokuqala yekhompiyutha ye-Computer Space kanye ne-Atari abasunguli be-Nolan Bushnell no-Ted Dabney isiqephu sokudlala se- Galaxy Game (1971) sokuqala (okubili kokubili kwakuyi-clone ye-Spacewar!) futhi akusikhohlwa i- Magnevox Odyssey ka-1972, umdlalo wevidiyo wokuqala wekhaya console.
I-Galaxy Game yenziwa futhi yasatshalaliswa yi-Nutting Associates futhi yabona impumelelo encane. Lokhu kwasula uNolan Bushnell noTed Dabney ukuba baphumele ngaphandle kwabo, ngakho baqala inkampani yabo yokuqala uSyzygy Engineering, kamuva eyashintsha yaba yi-Atari ngenxa yokuphikisana kokuhweba. Ngenhloso yokuklama nokukhulula imidlalo yabo siqu into yokuqala ababeyidingayo kwakungabasebenzi, ngakho baqasha kuqala bafuna abasebenzi, bebehamba njengenkampani ekhulayo, futhi badinga iqembu lezokuthuthukiswa elahamba ngaphezu kwababasunguli uNolan Bushnell futhi UTed Dabney ngakho baqasha umklami we-design Al Alcorn, owayekade engumlingani weDabney.
Njengesivivinyo, u-Bushnell noDabney babe nomklamo we-Alcorn futhi bakhe umdlalo osekelwe ekubonisweni uBubnell wayebone nge-Magnavox Odyssey ezayo. U-Alcorn waya emsebenzini futhi waxosha wonke umuntu ngemiphumela futhi ngokushesha wahamba ngomkhondo wokuba umdlalo wokuqala we-Atari.
Umbukiso we-coin-op arcade we- Pong ufakwe kubha yendawo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Andy Capp's Tavern, futhi emasontweni ambalwa, wawunezigumbi eziningi kangangokuthi umdlalo uvinjiwe. Ngemva kokubolekisa imali, uPong waya ekukhiqizeni nase-Atari Inc. wayesebhizinisi.
I-Pong ifika ekhaya
Ngo-1972, ngonyaka ofanayo uPong wadedelwa emagcekeni, iMagnavox Odyssey yaqala njengomkhankaso we-video wokuqala wevidiyo ekhaya. Uhlelo lwaluyimpumelelo eqinile, ngamatokisi aguquguqukayo aqukethe imidlalo ehlukene ehambisana nezingubo ze-TV nezesekeli ezifana namakhadi namadayisi, nama-poker chips.
Ngemuva kokukhulula inombolo enkulu yamaKhabhinethi asePong kokubili asekhaya nasemaphandleni, kanye nezinye izihloko ze-arcade ezifana ne-Space Race, Gotcha kanye ne-Rebound, i-Atari yayifuna ukuhamba kwayo okulandelayo. Ngenkathi becindezele ngokucacile i-arcades, baqala ukubuka igumbi lokuphumula, okuncintisana kwabo kuphela ngaleso sikhathi okwavela ku-Odyssey.
Ngo-1974 u-Atari wasayina isivumelwano noSears sokukhulula uhlelo lokuqala lwasekhaya lwe- Pong . Esikhundleni sezinqola noma i-cartridges, uhlelo luyi-console ezinikezele, okusho ukuthi lo mdlalo wawuqukethe ngaphakathi kweyunithi. Uhlelo lwaqala ukukhishwa njenge-Sear Tele-Games futhi lwabanjwa ngokushesha, ekubeni umnyango uthengisa into ekhishwa kakhulu kakhulu ngoKhisimusi, ngokudayiswa kweMagnavox Odyssey.
I-Lawsuit:
Unyaka emva kokubusa kukaPong, i-Magnavox yafaka icala ngokumelene ne-Atari ngokuphula umthetho "amalungelo akhethekile". Ngokuyinhloko, uPong wayefana nokuklama nokuzicabangela uPong , futhi ebufakazi bokuthi uBubnell wayengomunye wabantu ababekhona kwiDemo yeMagnavox Odyssey, baqeda ukuphuma enkantolo.
Nakuba i- Pong yayifana ne-gameplay futhi isakhiwo se-Magnavox Odyssey, yayinomklamo ohlukile kanye ne-gameplay. Isibonisi se-Odyssey sibonisa amabhokisi amabili wesigcawu ukubhoqa ibhokisi lesithathu emuva nangaphezulu ngenxa yemidlalo eminingi yabo, noma kunjalo, lawo mabhokisi awakhulisa i-paddle (noma edingekayo) ayikwazanga ukunyuka phezulu noma phansi kodwa ngokubonga kwesokunxele nangesokudla kumlawuli wezintambo ezimbili . U-Pong , ngakolunye uhlangothi, wasebenzisa ama-paddles amabili aphathekayo angakwazi ukunyuka futhi ahambe phansi, ahlanganisa i-sprite eyindilinga emuva nangemva.
Thumela kuma-Clones
Impumelelo ikhula ngabalingisi, kanti ngenkathi u-Atari eyakhe umbuso wayo ekucabangeni umbono, enye inkampani, i-General Instruments, yafuna ukwenza inzuzo ngokuziphindaphinda. I-GI yakhula i-chip ye-AY-3-8500 engathandekayo, eyayiyi-clone eqondile ye- Pong , futhi yayinezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zomdlalo. Ngokushesha noma yikuphi inkampani ekwazi ukufaka i-chip ingakwazi ukukhiqiza iphinde ikhulule izinhlelo zayo zemidlalo yevidiyo.
Amanye ama- Pong ama- Pong amahle kakhulu afaka uhlelo lwe-video ye-Costar ye-Telstar ne-Nintendo, Umdlalo we-Color TV 6.
I-Pong yenza umdlalo wevidiyo Umlando
Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi kwakungeyona umdlalo oyinhloko kakhulu futhi ngokuqinisekile akuyona umdlalo wevidiyo wokuqala, uPong akungabazeki, umdlalo obaluleke kunazo zonke owake wakhululwa. Impumelelo yayo enkulu yokuhweba yaqala-imboni yegeyimu yevidiyo, ekubeni imakethe encane ye-niche ekhaya.