Uhlelo lwe-PPTP (Protocol Point to Point Tunneling) luyisiprothokholi senethiwekhi esetshenziselwa ukuqaliswa kwamaNethiwekhi aMfihlo aVikelekile (VPN) . Ubuchwepheshe obusha be-VPN njengo- OpenVPN , L2TP, ne-IPsec bunganikeza ukusekelwa okungcono kwezokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, kodwa i-PPTP iseyindlela ethandwayo yenethiwekhi ikakhulukazi kuma-computer we-Windows.
Indlela i-PPTP isebenza ngayo
I-PPTP isebenzisa ukuklama kwamakhasimende-iseva (incazelo yezobuchwepheshe equkethwe kwi-inthanethi RFC 2637) esebenza ku-Layer 2 yesimo se-OSI. Amakhasimende we-PPTP VPN afakiwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Microsoft Windows futhi atholakalayo kokubili i-Linux ne-Mac OS X.
I-PPTP isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufinyeleleka kwe-VPN ekude kakhulu kwi-Intanethi. Kule ndlela, imigudu ye-VPN yenziwa ngezinqubo ezimbili ezilandelayo:
- Umsebenzisi uqala iklayenti le-PPTP elixhuma kumnikezeli we-intanethi
- I-PPTP idala uxhumano lokulawula lwe- TCP phakathi kwekhasimende le-VPN nesiphakeli se-VPN. Le protocol isebenzisa i-TCP port 1723 yalezi zixhumanisi kanye ne-General Routing Encapsulation (GRE) ekugcineni ukusetha umhubhe.
I-PPTP ibuye isekele uxhumano lwe-VPN kunethiwekhi yendawo.
Uma umhubhe we-VPN usungulwe, i-PPTP isekela izinhlobo ezimbili zokugeleza kolwazi:
- lawula imiyalezo yokuphatha futhi ekugcineni udilize uxhumano lwe-VPN. Ukulawula imilayezo kudlula ngqo phakathi kwekhasimende le-VPN nesiphakeli.
- amaphakethe wedatha adlula emhubheni, ukuya noma kusuka kumthengi we-VPN.
Ukusetha Uxhumano lwe-PPTP VPN ku-Windows
Abasebenzisi beWindows benza izixhumanisi ezintsha ze-VPN kwi-Internet kanje:
- Vula Isikhungo Soxhumano Nokwabelana kusuka kwi-Windows Control Panel
- Chofoza "Setha isixhumanisi esisha noma inethiwekhi"
- Kuwindi iwindi elisha elibonakalayo, khetha inketho ethi "Xhuma endaweni yokusebenzela" bese uchofoza Okulandelayo
- Khetha "Sebenzisa i-intanethi yami ye-Inthanethi uxhumano (VPN)"
- Faka ulwazi lwamakheli we-VPN iseva, nikeza lokhu kuxhumano negama lendawo (ngaphansi kwalokhu ukusetha kokuxhumeka kulondolozwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esizayo), shintsha noma yiziphi izilungiselelo ozikhethelayo ezifakwe ohlwini, bese uchofoza udale
Abasebenzisi bathola ulwazi lwekheli le-PPTP VPN kusukela kubaphathi bevava. Abaphathi bezinkampani nezikole bayinikela ngabasebenzisi bayo ngqo, kuyilapho izinsizakalo ze-VPN zomsakazo zomsakazo zishicilela ulwazi ku-intanethi (kodwa ngokuvamile zikhawulela ukuxhumana kuphela kumakhasimende abhalisile). Izintambo zokuxhumanisa zingaba igama leseva noma ikheli le-IP .
Ngemuva kokuba uxhumano luhlelwe okokuqala, abasebenzisi kuleyo PC ye-Windows bangakwazi ukuxhuma kamuva ngokukhetha igama lendawo kusuka kuhlu loxhumano lwenethiwekhi yeWindows.
Kubanikazi benethiwekhi yebhizinisi: I-Microsoft Windows inikeza izinhlelo zokusiza ezibizwa ngokuthi i- pptpsrv.exe ne- pptpclnt.exe ukuze usizo liqinisekise ukuthi ukusetha kwe-PPTP yenethiwekhi kulungile.
Ukusebenzisa i-PPTP kumanethiwekhi asekhaya nge-VPN Passthrough
Uma kunethiwekhi yenethiwekhi, ukuxhumeka kwe-VPN kwenziwa kwiklayenti kuya kuseva ye-intanethi eqhelile nge- router ekhaya ebanzi . Amanye ama-routers asekhaya asekudala awahambisani ne-PPTP futhi angavumeli ukuthi umgwaqo we-protocol uphumelele ukuxhumeka kwe-VPN ukuze kusungulwe. Amanye ama-routers avumela uxhumano lwe-PPTP VPN kodwa angakwazi ukusekela uxhumano olulodwa ngesikhathi. Lezi zimingcele zivela endleleni i-PPTP ne-GRE isebenza ngayo.
Amashadi asekhaya amasha advertise isici esibizwa nge- VPN passthrough esibonisa ukwesekwa kwayo kwe-PPTP. I-router yasekhaya kufanele ibe ne-PPTP port 1723 evulekile (ukuvumela ukuxhumeka ukuthi kusungulwe) futhi phambili phambili ku-GRE protocol uhlobo 47 (okuvumela idatha kudlule umhubhe we-VPN), izinketho zokusetha ezenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kumabhurogi amaningi namuhla. Hlola amadokhumenti om router nganoma yikuphi ukulinganiselwa okuhlukile kwe-VPN passthrough ukwesekwa kwale divayisi.