Okunye ubuchwepheshe buyisisekelo, ngakho-ke kuhlanganiswe empilweni yansuku zonke, ukuthi nje ulindele ukuthi isebenze. Uma into efana nophondo lwemoto, okungenzeka ukuthi ungacabangi ngisho nesikhathi esiludinga ngaso, ukukhubazeka, kungasheshe kube yinto ebumbekayo. Futhi naphezu kokuyisisekelo, kunezindlela eziningi lapho uphondo lwezimoto lungaphuka, kufaka phakathi amacala lapho uphondo lungasebenzi nhlobo nalapho kwenzeka khona okuhlukile. Kulesi simo esesabekayo "ngaso sonke isikhathi", umshayeli ongaqapheli angakwazi ukuphelisa uphondo olungaze luyeke ukuhlonipha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi benzani.
Usebenza Kanjani Amacici?
Izimpondo zezimoto zithembele ebuchwepheni obuhle obuyisisekelo, futhi okuyisisekelo sezinhlelo eziningi zophondo lwezinqola ziye zahlala zingenakushintshwa amashumi eminyaka. Umqondo oyisisekelo wukuthi uhlobo oluthile lokushintshwa, ngokuvamile olutholakala endaweni ethile esiteshini sokuqondisa, luvuselela uphondo kagesi. Ezinye izimoto zinephondo olulodwa, kanti abanye basebenzisa izimpondo ezimbili ukuthi ngamunye usebenza ebangeni elihlukile lemvamisa.
Esikhathini esivamile sokujikeleza kwemoto, inkinobho noma inkinobho umqhubi uqhubekile uxhumeke kudluliselwe . Lokhu kulayishwa kwempondo kuzoxhunyaniswa nophendu lokuphenya, ibhethri elihle, nophondo noma izimpondo. Lapho umshayeli esebenza uphondo, lo myalezo uhlinzeka amandla uphondo. Lokhu kudala amaphuzu okuhluleka okukhona ekushintsheni kwempondo, ukulayishwa kwempondo, izingxenye zangaphondo zangempela, kanye ne-wiring.
Uma enye yalezi zakhi "ihluleka ukuphepha," uhlelo alusebenzi nje. Izinkinga ezikhona lapha zihlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwempondo okungeke isasebenza ukulayishwa, ukulayishwa okuphukile okungasakwazi ukuthumela amandla phondo, nophondo oluphukile olungasebenzi. Esikhathini esilandelayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uphondo olulodwa kuphela ohlangothini lwezintambo ezimbili ukuyeka ukusebenza. Uma kwenzeka lokho, uzobona ukuthi uphondo lwakho aluzwanga lutho, ngoba uphondo ngalunye kulesibili luveza inothi elihlukile.
Inkinga ngaloluhlobo lwe-"failure-ephephile" yukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukuthi uhlelo luhlulekile uze udinga uphondo lwakho. Uma lokho kwenzeka, futhi awukwazi ukusebenzisa uphondo lwakho ukuze uqaphele omunye umshayeli noma ohamba ngezinyawo, imiphumela ingaba yingozi. Ngalokho engqondweni, kungase kube nzima ukubona ukuthi kungani lokhu kungabhekwa njengendlela ehlulekayo yokuhlelwa kwesistimu.
Uma ungakaze uphethe uphondo luhluleka "esimweni" ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungenzeka ukuthi awuzange uqaphele ukuthi kungenzeka. Uma uke wabhekana nalolu hlobo lokuhluleka, kulula ukubona ukuthi lokhu kokubili kuyadabukisa futhi kuyingozi kangakanani.
Inkinga ukuthi izimpondo zemoto zizwakala kakhulu. Umkhawulo ophansi cishe ungama-93db, okuyinto ephansi kunazo zonke abakwa-automakers abavunyelwe ukwenza izimpondo zabo uma befuna ukuzithengisa e-European Union. Amaphesenti emoto amaphakathi aphakathi kuka-100-110db, kanti amanye aphezulu nakakhulu kunalokho.
Njengoba imisindo ephakeme kakhulu kunama-85db angabangela ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ngemuva kokuvezwa isikhathi eside, ukushayela nxazonke ngophondo lwakho oluhle njalo ukuhlonipha ngokucacile umqondo omubi. Ngakho-ke uma kungavumeli ukuyeka ukuhlonipha, yini okufanele uyenze?
Yini Ebangelwa Isimpondo Esingayeki Ukuhlonipha?
Izizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokupaka izimoto ngeke ziyeke ukuhlonipha kufaka ukwehluleka komshini nokuhluleka kokudluliselwa. Yize kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhluleka kulezi zingxenye kubangele uphondo olungasebenzi nhlobo, kungenzeka ukuthi omunye angaphumeleli esikhundleni sakhe.
Uma uthola emotweni noma iloli elinophondo olungeke luyeke ukuhlonipha, into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ungesabi. Abanye abashayeli kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo bangase bacabange ukuthi ubeka uphondo ngendlela efanele yokufutheka okungalawuleki, kodwa akukho lutho ongakwenza ngakho. Okuzofuna ukukwenza ukudonsa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, thola indawo ephephile lapho ungekho engozini kwezinye izimoto, futhi thola ibhokisi lakho lokufiphaza.
Indlela ephuthumayo yokwenza uphondo olungasebenzi luyeke ukuhlonipha ukudonsa ukuqhuma kocingo noma ukulayishwa kwempondo. Uma uhluleka lokho, uma ungakwazi ukuthola ngokushesha ukufakela noma ukusetha kabusha, ukudonsa i-fuse oyinhloko noma ukuxhuma ibhethri kuzokuvumela futhi ukuxazulula inkinga ngaphandle kokulimaza ukuzwa kwakho.
Uma ungenalo umshini, ukukhipha uphondo olulodwa noma ukuthunyelwa kuyokuvumela ukuba ushayela imoto yakho kumakhanikhi ngaphandle kocingo oluqhakazile njalo. Ibhokisi le-fuse lingase libe namalebula aphrintiwe ngaphakathi kwendwangu noma eduze nesikhukhula ngasinye, noma kungenzeka ukuthi umane udonsa fuse ngayinye, naye, uze uthole okulungile.
Indlela Yokulungisa Uphondo Lwemoto Elizoyeka Ukuhlonipha
Uma ungekho engozini yokwenza umonakalo unomphela ezindlebeni zakho, ukulungisa uphondo lwemoto olungeke luyeke ukuhlonipha kuyindaba elula yokubona ukuthi yiyiphi ingxenye ehlulekile. Njengoba izimoto ezehlukene zinyunyiswa ngokuhlukile, kungase kudingeke ubheke inqubo yokuxilonga eqondene nemoto yakho. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kuyindaba yokunquma ukuthi ukushintshwa kwempondo kuphukile noma uma ukulayishwa kuphelelwa yisikhathi ngaphakathi .
Lolu hlobo lokuxilonga lungenziwa ngaphandle kwamathuluzi nhlobo uma unenhlanhla, kodwa cishe uzodinga amathuluzi ayisisekelo . Ithuluzi elibaluleke kunazo zonke ku-arsenal yakho lizoba yi-multimeter. Nakuba ungasebenzisa futhi ukukhanya kokuhlola ukuhlola amandla, uzodinga i-ohmmeter ukuze uhlole ukuqhubeka uma ugcina ukuthi uhlole ukusebenza kwempondo yakho.
Kwezinye izimo, ungathola inhlanhla futhi ube nophondo oluthile olufana nokulayishwa okusetshenziswe esiteshini esihlukile. Uma ngabe kunjalo, ungase ukwazi ukushintsha ushintsho oluthathwa ngokucutshungulwa, uphinde uhlole ukuthi uphondo luyayeka yini. Uma uphondo lusebenza ngokuthunyelwa kabusha, kufanele ukwazi ukuthenga ukulayishwa okusha bese ulungisa inkinga.
Uma ungenalo inhlanhla ngokwanele yokuba nomlayini ofanayo wokuhlolisisa, kuzomele uhlole ukushintshwa kwempondo nokulayishwa. Uma uthola ukuthi ukulayishwa kuphelelwa yisikhathi ngaphakathi, ukufaka esikhundleni kuyo kuzolungisa inkinga.
Uma ukulayishwa kungabonakali i-short yangaphakathi, kuzodingeka ususe ukulayishwa futhi ubone ukuthi yiziphi izintambo ezimbili ezixhunyiwe ku-switch switch. Ungasebenzisa i-multimeter ukuhlola ukuqhubeka phakathi kwalezi zinsambo. Uma inkinobho isebenza kahle, ukuxosha inkinobho yophondo noma i-pad ngaphakathi kwemoto yakho kufanele kubangele ushintsho ekufuneni ku-multimeter.
Khumbula ukuthi ezinye izimoto zihlanganisa ukushintshwa kwempondo nge- module ye-airbag . Uma imoto yakho isungulwe ngaleyo ndlela, kuzodingeka ubheke izinqubo ezifanele noma uthathe imoto yakho kumakhanikhi afanelekayo. Ukumisa ngengozi i-airbag yakho kungaba yiphutha elibizayo noma eliyingozi .
Anginaso Uphondo, Futhi Kufanele Ngihloniphe
Inqubo yokuhlolisisa nokulungisa uphondo ongazihloniphi nhlobo ifana nokulungisa uphondo olungeke luyeke ukuhlonipha, kodwa kunemibimbi embalwa eyengeziwe. Into yokuqala yokuhlola ukuthi ngabe ukulayishwa uphondo kuthola yini noma cha. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke kuzodingeka ubheke i-wiring phakathi kwe-relay nebhethri.
Uma ukulayishwa kuthola amandla, uzophinde ufune ukuhlola noma cha ukuphrinta inkinobho yakho yephondo noma udlulise amandla okudlulisela ukuphela okuphethwe kukho izimpondo zakho. Uma kungenjalo, kunenkinga ngokulayishwa noma ukushintshwa, okungahlolwa ngezindlela ezifanayo njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
Uma uthola ukuthi ukucindezela inkinobho yakho yephondo noma idijithi kuholela emandleni ekuphumeni okuphumayo kocingo lwakho lwentambo, mhlawumbe udaba nomhlangano wangempela wephondo noma i-wiring. Kuzodingeka uhlole amandla kanye nezimpondo ezimpondweni. Uma uthola amandla nomhlabathi, cishe udinge uphondo olusha noma izimpondo. Uma kungekho amandla noma umhlabathi, kuyinkinga ye-wiring.
I-Trouble With Horns, I-Airbags ne-Alarms Car
Ngenkathi kunezinkinga eziningi zephondo ongayilungisa ekhaya ngaphandle kwenkinga enkulu, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izimpondo zezimoto zivame ukuboshwa ezinqoleni ze-alamu yezimoto , futhi ukufaka esikhundleni noma ukuhlola ukushintsha kwempondo okungalungile kungabandakanya nokusebenzisana ne-module ye-airbag .
Njengoba izinhlelo ze-alarmmark ze-aftermarket zihlukene kakhulu, akukho ukulungiswa kwangempela okulula kwe-alamu yemoto engayikuyeka ukuphuma, noma ngeke isebenze nhlobo, ngenxa yenkinga ye-alamu yemoto. Lolu hlobo lwenkinga ngezinye izikhathi lubangelwa ibhethri elibuthakathaka, noma ibhethri elifile noma likhishiwe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi lingagcinwa ngokuxosha inhlanganisela yezinkinobho ezikude okude noma ngokusebenzisa okude ngenkathi isihluthulelo siphelile . Inqubo ihluke kumkhiqizi oyedwa kuya kwesinye, futhi izinkinga ezifanayo zingabangelwa nokuswakama kanye nezinkinga ezilula ze-hardware.
Lapho sibhekene nophondo olungasebenzi kahle emotweni eyahlonyiswa nge-airbags, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka inqubo efanele yokubhekana noma yokuvimbela ama-airbags ngaphambi kokuba wenze noma yikuphi ukushintsha kwempondo, isondo, noma ikholomu yokuqondisa. Uma ungenjalo, i-airbag ingabangela ngengozi, okungase kubangele ukulimala, kodwa nakanjani kuzodinga ukuthi uthenge umthamo we-airbag owubiza kakhulu.