Umlando weMidlalo Ye-Inthanethi 1969 - 2004
Lena umugqa wesikhashana wemicimbi ebalulekile emlandweni wokudlala i-inthanethi. Ihlanganisa ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kumageyimu wekhompyutha, imidlalo ye-console, nobuchwepheshe be-intanethi. Kuyinto umsebenzi eqhubekayo, ngakho uma ubona iphutha noma uzizwa into ebalulekile inganakwa, sicela ukhululeke ukufinyelela ngaphandle ngemininingwane.
1969
I-ARPANET, inethiwekhi enezigcawu e-UCLA, eStanford Research Institute, i-UC Santa Barbara, naseYunivesithi yase-Utah, ithunyelwa nguMnyango Wezokuvikela ngezinhloso zocwaningo. ULeonard Kleinrock ku-UCLA uthumela amaphakethe okuqala phezu kwenethiwekhi njengoba ezama ukuphuma kude ohlelweni ku-SRI.
1971
I-ARPANET ikhula kuma-node angu-15 futhi uhlelo lwe-imeyli lokuthumela imilayezo kunethiwekhi esatshalaliswe yenziwe nguRay Tomlinson. Amathuba okusheshisa imidlalo edlalwa yi-snail-mail ngalesi sikhathi abonakala ngokushesha.
1972
U-Ray ulungisa uhlelo lwe-imeyili lwe-ARPANET lapho kuba khona okusheshayo. I-@ isignesha isetshenziselwa ukucacisa ucingo njengekheli le-imeyili.
I-Atari yasungulwa nguNolan Bushnell.
1973
U-Dave Arneson noGary Gygax bathengisa amakhophi abo okuqala aqoshiwe amaDungeons kanye neDragons , umdlalo oqhubeka uvuselela kokubili i-tabletop namakhompyutha we-RPG kuze kube namuhla.
Uzobe udala umdlalo okuthiwa i-Adventure e-FORTRAN kumakhompyutha we-PDP-1. UDon Woods kamuva ubeka ukuzijabulisa ku-PDP-10 eminyakeni eminingana kamuva futhi kuba ngumdlalo wokuqala we-computer adventure.
1974
I-Telenet, isevisi yokuqala yedatha yepakethe yomphakathi, inguqulo yezohwebo ye-ARPANET, yenza i-debut yayo.
1976
I-Apple Computer isekelwe.
1977
I-Radio Shack ifaka i-TRS-80.
UDave Lebling, uMarc Blank, uTim Anderson noBruce Daniels, iqembu labafundi baseMIT, babhala iZork ku-PDP-10 minicomputer. Nakuba kufana ne-Adventure, umdlalo ungumdlali oyedwa kuphela, kuba yinto ethandwa kakhulu ku-ARPANET. Eminyakeni eminingana kamuva, Blank noJoel Berez, ngosizo olusuka kuDaniels, Lebling, noScott Cutler, bakhiqiza inguqulo ye-Infocom yenkampani egijima kwi-TRS-80 ne-Apple II microcomputers.
1978
URoy Trubshaw ubhala i-MUD yokuqala (isigxobo esikhulu somsebenzisi) ku-MACRO-10 (ikhodi yomshini ye-DEC system-10's). Nakuba kwasekuqaleni okungaphezu kochungechunge lwezindawo ongahamba ngazo futhi uxoxe ngazo, uRichard Bartle uthatha isithakazelo kulo msebenzi futhi umdlalo usheshe ube nesistimu yokulwa okuhle. Cishe unyaka owodwa kamuva, uRoy noRichard, e-Essex University e-UK, bayakwazi ukuxhuma ku-ARPANET e-USA ukuqhuba umdlalo womhlaba wonke, wabadlali abaningi.
1980
UKelton Flinn noJohn Taylor bayakha amaDungeons kaKesmai ngamakhompiyutha we-Z-80 asebenza nge-CPM. Umdlalo usebenzisa ihluzo ze-ASCII, isekela abadlali abangu-6, futhi i-action-oriented kancane kakhulu kunezi-MUD zakuqala.
1982
Izincazelo zokuqala zegama elithi "Inthanethi".
Intel ingenisa CPU engu-80286.
Umagazini we-Time ubiza ngo-1982 "Unyaka Wekhompyutha."
1983
Apple Amakhompiyutha avula uLisa. Yikhompyutha yokuqala yokuqala edayiswa ngayo isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi (i-GUI). Ngomsesa we-5 MHz, i-floppy drive ye-860 KB 5.25, "isikrini se-12" se-monochrome, ikhibhodi, negundane, uhlelo lubiza u-$ 9,995. Ngisho noma uLisa weza nge-Megabyte ye-RAM emangalisa, kuyinkinga yezimali futhi ikhompyutha yasekhaya ayitholi ukuvuselelwa kuze kukhishwe i-Mac OS 1.0 cishe ngonyaka.
I-Microsoft Mouse yokuqala yaziswa ngokufanayo nge-Microsoft Word. Kwakhiwe amayunithi angaba ngu-100,000, kodwa kuphela ama-5,000 athengiswa.
1984
I-CompuServe Islands Islands ye-Kesmai, ukubuyiselwa kwamaDunge aKesami, kwinethiwekhi yayo. Izindleko zokubamba iqhaza yi-$ 12 ehoreni ngehora! Umdlalo uhlala, ngokuphindaphindiwe okuhlukahlukene, kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka.
I-MacroMind, inkampani ezogcina iguqule ibe yi-Macromedia, yasungulwa.
1985
Ngo-Mashi 15, i-Symbolics.com iba isizinda sokubhalisa sokuqala.
I-Microsoft Windows ihlasela amashalofu esitolo.
I-QuantumLink, eyandulela i-AOL, iqala ngoNovemba.
I-Randy Farmer ne-Chip Morningstar eLucasfilm ithuthukisa i-Habitat, umdlalo we-adventure we-inthanethi wabadlali abaningi, we-QuantumLink. Iklayenti isebenza ku-Commodore 64, kodwa umdlalo awukwenzi kudlule i-beta e-US ngoba ifuna kakhulu ubuchwepheshe be-server ngaleso sikhathi.
1986
I-National Science Foundation idala i-NSFNET ngesivinini se-backbone esingu-56 Kbps. Lokhu kuvumela inani elikhulu lezikhungo, ikakhulukazi amanyuvesi, ukuthi zixhumeke.
UJessica Mulligan uqala i-Rim Worlds War, umdlalo wokuqala ngegeyimu ye-imeyli kuseva ye-intanethi yezohwebo.
1988
I-Internet Relay Chat (IRC) iqaliswa nguJarkko Oikarinen.
U-AberMUD uzalwa e-University of Wales e-Aberystwyth.
I-Club Caribe, okuvela ku-Habitat, ikhishwa ku-QuantumLink.
1989
UJames Aspnes ubhala uTinyMUD njengomdlalo olula we-adventure wabadlali abaningi futhi ucela abafundi abathweswa iziqu ze-CMU ukuthi badlale kuso. Ukuvumelanisa kwe-TinyMUD kuhlala kusetshenziswa ku-intanethi kuze kube namuhla.
1991
U-Tim Berners-Lee uvakashela iWorld Wide Web, uhlelo lapho amagama, izithombe, umsindo, kanye nama-hyperlink angahlanganiswa futhi ahlelwe kuzo amapulatifomu ahlukahlukene ukudala amakhasi adijithali afana namaphepha okucubungula amagama. Kusukela ku-CERN eSwitzerland, uthumela ikhodi ye-HTML yokuqala eqenjini lezindaba elithi "alt.hypertext."
I-Stormfront Studios 'I- Neverwinter Nights , umdlalo osuselwe ku-Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, iqala ku-America Online.
I-Sierra Network iqala futhi iletha imidlalo ehlukahlukene yemidlalo efana ne-chess, abahloli, nebhuloho e-intanethi. Kuthiwa uBill Gates uye wadlala ibhuloho enkonzweni.
1992
I-Wolfenstein 3D nge-id Software ithatha imfucuza yemidlalo yekhompiyutha ngesiphepho ngoMeyi 5. Ngisho noma kwakungeyona empeleni i-3D ngamazinga anamuhla, kuyisihloko esiyingqayizivele kumuntu wokuqala wokudubula.
1993
UMose, isiphequluli sokuqala se-Web, esakhiwe nguMarc Andreesen kanye neqembu labafundi be-student, ikhishwa. I-intanethi iqhuma ngesilinganiso sokukhula samaphesenti angama-341,634 minyaka yonke.
Inhlekelele idedelwa ngoDisemba 10 futhi iba yimpumelelo esheshayo.
1994
I-Sega Saturn ne- Sony PlayStation ithunyelwe eJapane. I-PlayStation izoba umkhiqizo we-elekthronikhi othengisa kakhulu kakhulu.
Ngemva kweminyaka engu-4 njengomdlalo wokudayela e-UK, u-Avalon MUD uqala ukunikeza isevisi yokukhokhela ukukhokhela phezu kwe-intanethi.
1995
U-Sony ukhulula i-PlayStation e-United States nge $ 299, i-$ 100 ngaphansi kunalindelekile.
I-Nintendo 64 iqaliswe eJapane ngaphansi kwezimo ezidabukisayo.
Ama-Windows 95 athengisa amakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi ezinsukwini ezine.
Ilanga liqala i-JAVA ngoMeyi 23.
1996
I-Id Ikhishwa yokukhishwa kwe-Quake ngomhla ka-Meyi 31, Umdlalo ngempela ubukhulu obuyisithathu futhi ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwa izici zabadlali abaningi. Ngokukhululwa kohlelo lwamahhala okuthiwa i-QuakeWorld kamuva ngonyaka, ukudlala phezu kwe-Inthanethi kuthola lula kakhulu kubasebenzisi be-modem.
Ngo-Agasti 24, inguqulo yokuqala yeThimba Fortress, i-Add-on for Quake, iyatholakala. Ngonyaka ongaphezu kwama-40 amaphesenti ama-servers agijima i-Quake azozinikezelwa ku- Team Fortress .
I-Meridian 59 ingena ku-intanethi futhi iba enye yezemidlalo yabadlali abaningi ababala kakhulu edlalwa ezweni eliqhubekayo le-intanethi, nakuba linomkhawulo wabadlali abangu-35 ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ikhulelwe inkampani encane ebizwa i-Archetype Interactive bese ithengiswa ku-3DO, eyashicilela lo mdlalo. Yasebenzisa injini ye-2.5D efana neyo-Doom, futhi ngenkathi iphinde ishintshe ubunikazi, isatholakale futhi isayithandwa yi-RPGers eminingi. I-Meridian 59 kungenzeka futhi ibe ngumdlalo wokuqala we-intanethi ukukhokhisa isilinganiso senyanga nyanga sokufinyelela, kunokuba ukhokhe ihora.
I-Macromedia ishintshe ukugxila kwisofthiwe yokwenza okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia kumaCD ukuze wenze isofthiwe ye-multimedia yeWebhu bese ikhulula i-Shockwave 1.0.
UBrad McQuaid noSteve Clover baqashwe nguJohn Smedley ku-989 Studios ka-Sony ukuze baqale umsebenzi ku- EverQuest .
1997
U-Sony uthengisa i-PlayStation yayo eyizigidi ezingu-20, okwenza kalula kube yilapho ethandwa kakhulu i-console yemidlalo yesikhathi saso.
I-Ultima Online ikhishwe. Ethuthukiswa yiNsuka futhi ngokusekelwe ekuphumelelweni okukhulu kwe-Ultima franchise, amaphayona amaningi okudlala e-intanethi abandakanyeka kule phrojekthi, kuhlanganise noRichard Garriott, uRohster noRich Vogel. Isebenzisa injini yehluzo ephezulu ye-2D futhi ekugcineni ifinyelela ababhalisile abangaphezu kuka-200,000.
I-Macromedia ithola inkampani eyenza i-FutureSplash, okuba yi-Flash yokuqala.
1998
I-NCsoft, inkampani encane ye-software yaseKorea, inikhipha ukulayishwa, okuzokhula kube enye ye-MMORPG ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni, enezigidi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-4.
I-Starsiege: Izizwe zezinhlanga njenge-online-action kuphela-action action game. Amafomu adonisa ukuhlanganiswa kwegeyimu yegeyimu esekelwe eqenjini, izindawo ezithuthukisiwe ezingaphandle, izindlela eziningi zokudlala, izinhlamvu ezenziwe ngezifiso, nezimoto ezilawulwayo.
Ngo-Agasti 1, iSierra ikhulula i-Half-Life, umdlalo owakhiwe nge-Quake 2 injini.
I-Sega Dreamcast ikhishwa eJapan ngo-Novemba 25. Nakuba iqala ekuqaleni, i-console yokuqala idayiswa nge-modem futhi inikeza abasebenzisi be-console indlela yokuqala yokudlala kwe-intanethi.
1999
I-Dreamcast ikhishwa e-US.
Ngomhlaka-1 Mashi, i-Sony iqala i-EverQuest, i- MMORPG ephelele kathathu. Umdlalo uyimpumelelo enkulu, futhi kule minyaka elandelayo ubona abaningi bahlaziya futhi bakhangisa abangaphezu kwesigamu sezigidi.
Ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli Sierra ukukhishwa kwe-Team Fortress Classic, ukuguqulwa kweHalf-Life esekelwe umthamo we-Quake Team Fortress odumile kakhulu.
Ngomhlaka 19 Juni, uMinh "Gooseman" Le noJess Cliffe bakhipha i-beta 1 ye-Counter-Strike, enye inguquko yeHalf-Life. Imodi yamahhala iyaqhubeka ukusetha amarekhodi wezinyathelo ezinkulu zomsebenzi kunoma imuphi umdlalo ku-inthanethi, ngamaseva angu-35,000 akhiqiza amaminithi angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingu-4.5 ngenyanga.
I-Microsoft ikhipha ucingo luka-Asheron ngoNovemba wesi-2.
I-Quake 3 Arena ivela emashalofini esitolo nje ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kukaKhisimusi.
UBilly Mitchell uthola amaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu ePac-Man lapho egcwalisa wonke amabhodi futhi ehamba ngamaphuzu angu-3,333,360.
2000
U-Sony uqala i-PlayStation 2 eJapane ngoMashi 4. Ezinsukwini ezimbili, inkampani ithengisa izigidigidi ezingu-1 zeduduzo, ibeka irekhodi elisha. Amageyimu aseJapane aqala ukumbesa ngaphandle kwezitolo izinsuku ezimbili kusengaphambili. Ngeshwa, ukufunwa kudlula ukuhlinzeka futhi akuwona wonke umuntu othola i-console, kuhlanganise nalabo abalungiselela.
2001
I-Sega ikhulula i-Phantasy Star Online ye-Dreamcast, eyenza ibe yi-RPG yokuqala ye-intanethi ye-console. I-icons kanye nombhalo okhethiwe ngaphambili uhumusha phakathi kwezilimi.
I-World War II Online iyahamba ngo-June ngo-June.
I-Microsoft ingena ebhizinisini le-console ngoNovemba ngokukhululwa kwe-Xbox. Nakuba kwakungekho inethiwekhi etholakalayo ukuxhuma ngaleso sikhathi, i-Xbox ifakwe iKhadi Lesikhombi Sokuxhumana (Network Interface Card) elizobhekana nokuxhumeka kwe-intanethi ephezulu.
I-Anarchy Online iqala ukuqala ngesihluku ngezinkinga zezobuchwepheshe, kodwa umdlalo unqoba lokhu futhi uheha isisekelo esiqinile somdlali. Kwakuwumdlalo wokuqala engiwaziyo wokusebenzisa "ukusekela," lapho izingxenye zomhlaba ziphinda zilandelwe ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile ngokufunwa.
Ubumnyama beCamelot buqala ukwamukela okufudumele ngabadlali kanye nabezindaba. Umdlalo ukhula ngesilinganiso esimangalisayo futhi ngokushesha udlula ucingo luka-Asheron ukuze ube omunye wama-MMORPG amathathu amakhulu eNyakatho Melika.
I-3DO ishicilela i-Jumpgate, umdlalo wokufanisa isikhala ku-intanethi.
I-blizzard iqala ukukhuluma ngeWorld Warcraft , i-MMORPG ngokusekelwe kochungechunge lwabo oludumile lwe-RTS.
2002
NgoSepthemba 10, ukukhululwa kwe- Battlefield 1942 kukhishwa i-franchise ephumelelayo kakhulu yabaqhubi bezempi abadlali abaningi.
Ubuciko be-elekthronikhi kanye neWestwood Studios kukhululwa i-Earth & Beyond, i-MMCP-s fi-imeyli efakwe esikhaleni sangaphandle. Isihloko sibangele ababhalisile abangaphansi kuka-40,000, futhi cishe eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ngo-22 Septhemba 2004, ivala iminyango yayo.
I-Asheron Call 2 iqala ngoNovemba 22. Umdlalo awukaze ulingane nomuntu owandulelayo ngokuthandwa, futhi cishe eminyakeni emithathu kamuva uJeffrey Anderson, i-CEO yeTurbine Entertainment, umemezela ukuthi lo mdlalo uzovalwa ngasekupheleni kuka-2005.
I- Sims Online iphila bukhoma ngoDisemba, ivumelanisa umdlalo we-PC odayiswa kakhulu kunawo wonke ku-intanethi. Naphezu kokubikezela okuhle okuvela kubahlaziyi, isihloko asihambisani nokulindela kokuthengisa.
Phakathi kuka-Agasti noDisemba Playstation 2, i-Xbox, ne-GameCube konke kwazisa uhlobo oluthile lwamakhono e-inthanethi ngokududuza kwabo.
2003
Ngo-Juni 26, i-LucasArts ne-SOE iqalisa i- Star Wars Galaxies, i-MMORPG esekelwe yonke indawo kusukela kumafilimu e-Star Wars. U-Sony uphinde alethe i-EverQuest ku-PlayStation 2 njenge-EverQuest Online Adventures, esebenzisa izwe elihlukile kulokho kwe-PC version.
I-Project Entropia, i-MMORPG eyakhiwe eSweden, iqala ngemodeli yokuthola izimakethe yesibili, lapho imali yemidlalo ingathengwa futhi ithengiswe ngemali yangempela.
I-Square Enix ikhipha inguqulo ye-PC ye-Final Fantasy XI e-US ngo-Okthoba 28. Kamuva itholakala ku-PlayStation 2 futhi ivumela abasebenzisi be-PC futhi baduduze abasebenzisi ukuba bahlanganyele ezweni elifanayo. Inguqulo ye-PS2 yomdlalo ithengiswa nge-hard drive.
Okunye okuphawulekayo okukhishwa kwe-MMORPG kuhlanganisa u-Eve Online no-Shadowbane, omabili afaka izinhlelo ezivulekile ze-PvP.
2004
I-Halo 2 ifika nge-hysteria engakaze ibe khona futhi ilawula ukusetshenziswa okukodwa kokuphindaphindiwe kokusebenza kwe- Xbox Live online.
I-NCSoft yenza izinyathelo eziphawulekayo emakethe yaseNorth American MMORPG kanye nokushicilelwa koMugqa wesi-2 no-City of Heroes.
I-Doom 3 neHhafu-Life 2, efaka inguqulo yokudayiswa kwe-Counter-Strike, i-hit shelf shelf.
I-SOE iqala i-EverQuest 2, i-sequel eya ku-EverQuest, enamanje ababhalisile abangu-500,000 ngaleso sikhathi.
I-World of Warcraft ekhishwe eNyakatho Melika ngoNovemba 23, kanti naphezu kokuphindaphindiwe kweseva yesikhala phakathi kwamasonto okuqaliswa, umdlalo unzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-MMORPG yokuqala ye-Blizzard iphula ama-sales, abhalisile, namarekhodi adlali ahambisanayo e-US, eneziphumo ezifanayo ekukhululweni komdlalo eYurophu naseChina ngonyaka ozayo.