Ngasekuqaleni konyaka uke wavakashela i-GPIO yamaRaspberry Pi futhi wancoma namanye amabhodi okuphumula okuwusizo ekuboneni izinombolo zephini. Namuhla siqhubeka sihloko futhi siqale ukusebenzisa lezi zikhonkwane kuhlanganiswe nekhodi ne-hardware.
I-GPIO yindlela i-Raspberry Pi ekhuluma ngayo nezwe langaphandle - "izinto zangempela" - usebenzisa ikhodi ukuhlela izibonakaliso kanye nezinyathelo ezivela kumakhanda angu-40-pin.
Ukwenza ikhodi nge-GPIO kulula kakhulu ukuqala, ikakhulukazi amaphrojekthi okuqala njengama-LED nama-buzzers. Ngezingxenye ezithile ezimbalwa kanye nemigqa embalwa yekhodi ungakhanyisa noma ukhanyisa i-LED njengengxenye yephrojekthi yakho.
Lesi sihloko sizokubonisa lokho okudingayo ukukhanyisa i-LED usebenzisa ikhodi yePython ku-Raspberry Pi wakho, usebenzisa indlela yendabuko ye-'PiP.GPIO '.
01 ngo-04
Okudingayo
Nasi uhlu lwento yonke oyodinga kule phrojekthi encane. Kumele ukwazi ukuthola lezi zinto kusitolo sakho somenzi wakho ozithandayo noma amasayithi omthengisi ase-intanethi.
- Isiteshi somsebenzi se-Raspberry Pi esisebenza nge-Raspbian yakamuva (Pi, isikrini, ikhibhodi, igundane, amandla, ikhadi le-SD - konke okuxhunyiwe)
- I-breadboard encane
- I-5mm LED
- I-330 ohm ukumelana
- 2 owesilisa kuya ezinsizeni ze-jumper zezinsikazi
02 ka 04
Dala I-Circuit - Isinyathelo 1
Sizosebenzisa izikhonkwane ezingu-2 ze-GPIO kule phrojekthi, iphinikhodi emhlabathini (ipini yomzimba 39) yomlenze womhlabathi we-LED, kanye nephini le-GPIO elijwayelekile (i-GPIO 21, iphinikhodi 40) ukunika amandla i-LED - kodwa kuphela lapho sinquma-ukuthi yikuphi lapho ikhodi ingena khona.
Okokuqala, cisha i-Raspberry Pi yakho. Manje, usebenzisa izintambo ze-jumper, xhuma iphini lomhlabathi ngendlela eya ku-breadboard yakho. Okulandelayo kwenze okufanayo kumphini we-GPIO, ukuxhuma kumzila ohlukile.
03 ka 04
Yakha I-Circuit - Isinyathelo 2
Okulandelayo sengeza i-LED futhi simelana nesifunda.
Ama-LED ane-polarity-okusho ukuthi kufanele aphethwe ngandlela-thile. Ngokuvamile banomlenze owodwa omude ongumlenze we-anode (positive), futhi ngokuvamile uhlangothi oluphambene nekhanda le-plastiki le-LED elichaza umlenze we-cathode (negative).
Impendulo isetshenziselwa ukuvikela kokubili i-LED ekutholeni amanje kakhulu, futhi iphini le-GPIO lisuka 'ukunikeza' kakhulu - elingalimaza kokubili.
Kunesilinganiso esithile sokulinganisa okujwayelekile kwama-LEDs ajwayelekile-330ohm. Kunezibalo ezithile ngemuva kwalokho, kodwa manje masiqondise iphrojekthi - ungabheka njalo ku-ohms umthetho nezihloko ezihlobene kamuva.
Xhuma umlenze owodwa wokumelana nomzila we-GND ku-breadboard yakho, nomunye umlenze wokumelana nomzila ohlangene nomlenze omfushane we-LED yakho.
Umlenze omude we-LED manje udinga ukujoyina umzila oxhunyiwe kuphini le-GPIO.
04 ka 04
I-Python GPIO Code (RPi.GPIO)
Njengamanje sinezifunda ezihlangene futhi zilungele ukuhamba, kodwa asizange sitshele iphini lethu le-GPIO ukuthumela noma yikuphi amandla okwamanje, ngakho-ke i-LED yakho akufanele ivule.
Masenze ifayela le-Python ukutshela iphini lethu le-GPIO ukuthumela amanye amandla amasekhondi angu-5 bese uma. Inguqulo yakamuva ye-Raspbian izoba nemitapo yezincwadi ze-GPIO ezifakiwe ezifakiwe kakade.
Vula ifasitela esibulalayo bese udala iskripthi esisha se-Python ngokufaka umyalo olandelayo:
sudo nano led1.pyLokhu kuzovula ifayela elingenalutho ukuze singene ikhodi yethu. Faka imigqa engezansi:
#! / usr / bin / python # Ngenisa imilayezo esiyidinga ukungenisa i-RPi.GPIO njenge-GPIO isikhathi sokungenisa # Hlela imodi yeGPIO GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM) # Hlela i-LED GPIO inombolo LED = 21 # Hlela iphinikhodi ye-GPIO njenge- okukhiphayo GPIO.setup (LED, GPIO.OUT) # Vula iphini le-GPIO ku-GPIO.output (i-LED, yeqiniso) # Lindela amasekhondi angu-5 isikhathi.lala (5) # Vula iphini le-GPIO off GPIO.output (LED, Amanga)Cindezela i-Ctrl + X ukuze ulondoloze ifayela. Ukuze usebenzise ifayela, faka umyalo olandelayo ku-terminal bese ucindezela ukungena:
sudo python led1.pyI-LED kufanele ikhanyise imizuzwana engu-5 bese ivaliwe, iphelisa uhlelo.
Kungani ungazami ukushintsha inombolo 'yokulala' ukuze ukhanyise i-LED ngezikhathi ezahlukene, noma uzame ukushintsha i- 'GPIO.output (LED, True)' kuya 'GPIO.output (LED, False)' futhi ubone ukuthi kwenzekani?