Sawubona Umhlaba - Iprojekthi Yakho Ye-Raspberry Pi Yokuqala

Isingeniso somusa sokusebenzisa i-Python ne-Raspberry Pi

Uma ususha ku-Raspberry Pi kungase kube nzima nakancane ukuzama futhi ugijime ngqo kumaphrojekthi akukhanga kudivayisi kuqala.

Ama-robot, izinzwa, abadlali bomculo kanye namaphrojekthi afanayo asebenzisa kakhulu i-Raspberry Pi, kodwa hhayi isiqalo esihle somuntu omusha kudivayisi. Ezweni elihle, kufanele uhlose ukufunda izizinda ngaphambi kokushayela iphrojekthi eyinkimbinkimbi.

Uma ungumuntu omusha ku-Linux kungaba i-curve yokufunda ephakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuqala ngamaphrojekthi alula ukuze wazi ukuthi iPython isebenza kanjani, bese uyakha kulolo lwazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isingeniso Sobumnene

Enye yezinhlelo zokuqala ezivame kakhulu ku-Raspberry Pi ukuphrinta umbhalo othi "Sawubona Umhlaba", noma kulesi sibulali sine script noma usebenzisa imvelo yokuthuthukiswa kwe-Python.

Kungase kubonakale njengesiqalo esibuhlungu, kodwa kukunika isingeniso esilula futhi esifanele ku-Python - futhi futhi umsebenzi uzosebenzisa inkatho kumaphrojekthi wakho wesikhathi esizayo.

Ake sibhekane nokuhlukahluka okuncane kwalesi sifundo sendabuko ukukhahlela ngempela amakhono ethu okuhlela nge-Raspberry Pi. Sizosebenzisa ama-python scripts esikhundleni se-IDLE, ngoba lokho kuyindlela yami ekhethiwe.

Sawubona Mhlaba

Ake siqale ekuqaleni kokushicilelwa okuyisisekelo kombhalo othi "hello world".

Uma ungene ngemvume esimisweni esibulalayo, faka umyalo ngezansi ukudala iskripthi esisha ye-python ebizwa ngokuthi 'helloworld.py'.

sudo nano helloworld.py

I-Nano ingumhleli wombhalo esizoyisebenzisa, futhi 'py' yisandiso sefayela sama-Python scripts.

Siphinde sisebenzisa i-sudo (okusho ukuthi 'i-superuser do' ekuqaleni) egijima umyalo njengengaphezulu. Akudingeki njalo usebenzise lokhu, futhi kungaba yingozi ezandleni ezingalungile nemiyalo engafanele, kodwa ngivame ukuwusebenzisa njengomkhuba manje.

Lo myalelo uzovula idokhumenti entsha engenalutho. Faka umbhalo ongezansi ozophrinta igama elithi "hello world" uma ifayela lisebenza:

phrinta ("world hello")

Uma usungenwe, cindezela i-Ctrl + X bese ushaya 'Y' ukuze ulondoloze ifayela. I-terminal izokucela ukuba ucindezele ukungena ukuze ulondoloze ifayela ngegama elithile lefayela, ngakho-ke qhubeka ushaya ukhiye wokungena. Uvele udale ifayela lakho lokuqala le-Python!

Manje uzobuyela emuva esibulalayo. Ukusebenzisa iskriphthi sethu esisha, sisebenzisa umyalo ngezansi:

sudo python helloworld.py

Lokhu kuzophrinta "umhlaba we-hello" bese uvala iskripthi, usishiye nge-terminal ukuzosebenzisa futhi.

Sawubona Khona Umhlaba

Isikhathi sokukhuphuka gear. Lesi sibonelo sizophrinta igama elithi "hello" emgqeni owodwa, bese kuthi "umhlaba" olandelayo. Lokhu kuzofaka umugqa omusha kufayili yethu ye-Python, kodwa kusezingeni elilula kakhulu.

Qala ifayela elisha ngokusebenzisa umyalo ngezansi:

sudo nano hellothenworld.py

Nalapha futhi lokhu kuzovula ifasitela elingenalutho. Faka umbhalo olandelayo:

phrinta ("hello") phrinta ("umhlaba")

Phinda usebenzise i-Ctrl + X ukuze uphume futhi ulondoloze, bese ucindezela u- 'Y' bese u-'ngena 'uma ususiwe.

Qalisa iskripthi ngomyalo olandelayo:

sudo python hellothenworld.py

Lokhu kuzophrinta "hello" emgqeni owodwa, "izwe" emgqeni olandelayo, bese uvala iskripthi.

Sawubona Umhlaba, Goodbye World

Ukusebenzisa lokho esikufunde esibonelweni sangaphambilini, ake sishintshe izinto ukuze sithi "umhlaba wamukelekile" bese kuthi "izwe elihle" ngokuphindaphindiwe kuze kube yilapho sitshela ukuthi simise.

Ufunde ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi usebenzise amafayela ukuze sikwazi ukukhipha lezo ziqondiso ngalesi sikhathi.

Yenza ifayela elisha elibizwa ngokuthi hellogoodbye.py bese ulivula ku-nano. Faka umbhalo olandelayo:

ukungena kwesikhathi sokungena = 1 ngenkathi kuyiqiniso: uma kubalwa == 1: ukuphrinta ("umhlaba we-hello") count = count -1 isikhathi.lala (1) elif count == 0: phrinta ("izwe lokuhle") count = count 1 isikhathi sokulala (1)

Sethule imiqondo embalwa lapha:

Uma le khodi ekhishwe ngempumelelo iqhuma, izophrinta "umhlaba we-hello" bese ishintsha ukuhluka kwe- 'count' ngo--1. Kuzobe sekulindele okwesibili 'isikhathi sokulala (1)' ngaphambi kokuhamba ngebhayisikili emuva kokuthi 'ngenkathi i-loop' iphinda ibuyele.

Isitatimende sesibili 'uma' senza umsebenzi ofanayo kodwa sihamba kuphela uma 'isibalo' singu-0. Sizophrinta "izwe elihle" bese ungeza u-1 ukuba 'ubale'. Kuphinde futhi kuzolinda okwesibili ngaphambi kokusebenza futhi 'ngenkathi i-loop' futhi.

Ngethemba, manje usubona ukuthi 'ukubala' kuqala kanjani ku-1 futhi kuzoqhubeka ukujikeleza phakathi kuka-1 no-0, ukunyathelisa umbhalo ohlukile ngesikhathi ngasinye.

Run the script bese uzibona wena! Ukumisa isikripthi, vele ushaye i-Ctrl + C.

Sawubona World 100 Times

Kuthiwani ngokuphindaphinda umbhalo wethu ukuphrinta izikhathi ezingu-10 kuphela, ngokuzenzakalelayo? Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa ukubala ngaphakathi kwesikhashana se-loop futhi, kodwa shintsha indlela esiyisebenzisa ngayo.

Dala elinye ifayela elisha, linike igama, bese ufaka umbhalo ngezansi:

ukungena kwesikhathi sokulinganisa = 1 kuyilapho Kuyiqiniso: uma kubalwa <= 10: ukuphrinta ("izwe lomhlaba"), ukubala kubala = ubala isikhathi sokulala (1) elif count == 11: shiya ()

Lapha sisebenzise '<=' kokuqala 'uma' isitatimende esisho 'ngaphansi noma esilingana'. Uma isibalo singaphansi noma silingana no-10, ikhodi yethu izophrinta "umhlaba wamukelekile".

Isitatimende esilandelayo 'uma' sibheka inombolo engu-11 kuphela, futhi uma isibalo sise-11 sizosebenza umyalo 'wokuyeka ()' ovala iskripthi.

Zama ifayela ukuze uzibonele lokhu.

Ngaphezu kwakho

Lezi zivivinyo zibonisa izindlela ezithile eziyisisekelo zokuphatha ikhodi, kodwa uhlobo lwesisekelo sokufunda ukuthi bonke abasebenzisi abasha beRaspberry Pi nePython kufanele bafike ngokushesha.

Uma ungakatholi kakade, bheka isayithi le-Python elizinikezele le-About.com ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalolu limi oluhle kakhulu lohlelo.

Sizohlanganisa izibonelo eziningi zekhodi ezihlokweni ezizayo namaphrojekthi, hlala ubukele!