Konke Mayelana Nezimboni Zamandla kagesi

I-Evolution of Power Steering: i-HEPS, i-EPS, ne-Steer-by-Wire

Ukuhamba kwamandla kagesi kuwumusha omusha, kodwa ubuchwepheshe okwakhiwe kuwo bube bude isikhathi eside. Eqinisweni, ukuqondiswa kwamandla kuye kwaba cishe cishe nje uma amaloli emoto, namakhulu amakhulu afakwa izinhlelo ze-aftermarket ngasekuqaleni kuka-1903, kodwa azange zinikezwe njengendlela ye-OEM kuze kube ngama-1950. Ubuchwepheshe buvame kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yokufakwa kwayo njengemishini ejwayelekile cishe emotweni yonke yamaloli namaloli amasha, kodwa yahlala ikhethwa ngamanani amanani aphansi, angena ezingeni lokungena kuwo wonke ama-1980 no-1990.

Inhloso yokuqondisa amandla ukunciphisa inani lomzamo elithathayo ukuba umshayeli ahambe. Lokhu kwakungenziwa ngokwemvelo ngamandla we-hydraulic, okungenziwa yipompu eqhutshwa yibhande egijima ekujikelezeni kwenjini. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe buye lwasungulwa ngokuqhubekayo kwezinto ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa kusukela okokuqala kuboniswa njengendlela ye-OEM ngawo-1950.

Ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kokuqala kwamandla okuzenzela kwamanzi okwejwayelekile okwakuboniswa noma yikuphi uhlobo lokuphakama okubanzi kwakuyi-electro-hydraulic power steering. Kodwa-ke, leyo teknoloji iye yaxhaswa kakhulu yi-electronic power steering. Futhi ngenkathi ukuqondiswa kwamandla kagesi kunikezwa ngamanani amaningi we-automakers, amanye ama-OEM asebenza nezinhlelo ze-steer-by-wire njengoba bezama ukuhamba ngezimoto zokushayela ngokugcwele.

I-Electro-Hydraulic Power Steering

I-Electro-hydraulic power steering (EHPS) yikhokhnoloji ye-hybrid esebenza njenge-hydraulic power direction steering. Umehluko phakathi kobuchwepheshe obubili bukuthi ingcindezi ye-hydraulic ikhiqizwa kanjani. Lapho izinhlelo zendabuko zenza ukucindezela ngepompi eqhutshwa yibhande, izinhlelo zokulawula amandla kagesi zisebenzisa ama-electric motors. Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ze-electro-hydraulic power steering yukuthi ipompi kagesi ayilahleki amandla uma injini ivaliwe, okuyisici esithile sokuthi ezinye zezimoto ezibhebhethekayo zisebenzise.

I-Power Power Steering

Ngokungafani nezinqubo ze-hydraulic ne-electro-hydraulic, ukuqondisa kwamandla kagesi (EPS) akusebenzi noma yiliphi uhlobo lokucindezela kwe-hydraulic ukunikeza usizo lokuqondisa. Ubuchwepheshe buyi-elekthronikhi ngokugcwele, ngakho-ke isebenzisa umshini kagesi ukunikeza usizo oluqondile. Njengoba kungekho amandla alahlekile akhiqiza futhi adlulisa amandla kagesi, lezi zinhlelo zisebenza ngendlela ephumelelayo kune-hydraulic noma i-electro-hydraulic steering.

Kuye ohlelweni oluqondile lwe-EPS, imoto kagesi ifakwe kuholomu yokuqondisa noma ngokuqondile kwi gear yokuqondisa. Izicabha zisetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukuthi kungakanani okudingekayo okudingekayo, bese kusetshenziselwa ukuba umshayeli kuphela enze inamba encane yomzamo wokuvula isondo. Ezinye izinhlelo zinezilungiselelo ezingafaniyo ezihluka inani lomsizi wokusiza ohlinzekwayo, kanti abanye basebenza ngejika eliguqukayo.

Ama-OEM amaningi anikezela nge-EPS kumunye oyedwa noma ngaphezulu.

I-Steer-by-Wire

Ngenkathi izinhlelo zokuqondisa amandla kagesi zisusa isakhi se-hydraulic ngenkathi zigcina ukuxhumaniswa kwendabuko, i-steer-by-wire yangempela ibuye isuse ukuxhumanisa kokuqondisa. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa ama-motors kagesi ukuguqula amasondo, izinzwa ukucacisa ukuthi kungakanani amandla okusebenza okusebenzayo, futhi abaqondisi be-emulators ukunikeza impendulo engafanele kumshayeli.

Ubuchwepheshe be-steer-by-wire busetshenziselwe imishini ethile yemithwalo esindayo, ama-forklifts, ama-front loaders, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo okwesikhashana, kodwa kusencane kumhlaba wezimoto. Ama-automakers afana ne-GM ne-Mazda asebenze ngokugcwele imoto ye-drive-by-wire esikhathini esidlule sokuthi ukuhlosiswa kokuqondiswa komdabu kuncike, kepha iningi le-OEM liye lagcina ubuchwepheshe bezinhlobo zokukhiqiza.

U-Nissan umemezele ngasekupheleni kuka-2012 ukuthi kuzoba yi-OEM yokuqala yokunikeza ubuchwepheshe embonini yokukhiqiza, futhi uhlelo lwalo lwe-Independent Steering Control lwamenyezelwe ngonyaka ka-2014 wemodeli. Noma kunjalo, ngisho naleso sakhiwo sigcine izigcawu zesistimu yokuqondisa yendabuko. Ukuxhuma nekholomu kwakusesekhona, nakuba kwakunqanyuliwe ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile. Umqondo walolu hlobo lwamasistimu wukuthi Uma uhlelo lwe-steer-by-wire luhluleka, i-coupler ingahlanganyela ukuze inikeze umshayeli amandla okusebenzisa ukuxhumeka komshini ukuze ahambe.

Kanye namanye ama-technologies wokushayela nge-wire, njengama- brake-by-wire nokulawulwa kwe-electronic throttle , i-steer-by-wire iyisici esiyinhloko emotweni yokuzishayela.