Ama-brake wesendabuko awazange ashintshe yonke into ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule, ngakho-ke umqondo wobuchwephesha obunqamule nge-wire umelela ushintsho olwandle olwenziwa yi-automakers kanye nomphakathi jikelele bobabili banqabe ukwamukela. Ngenkathi izinhlelo zamashukela ezivamile zinezinkinga zazo, kunokuthile okuqinisekisayo ekuxhumaneni okuqondile, ngokomzimba emkhatsini wonyawo lwakho namapayipi okugqekeza noma izicathulo ezisezimakethe ezine zemoto yakho. Ama-break-by-wire breaks okuxhumano, yingakho ezobuchwepheshe kubonakala njengengozi kakhulu kunokulawula ukulawula ukuqhuma komshini noma ngisho nokuhamba nge-wire .
Uhlobo Olududuzayo Lwezikhwama Ze-Hydraulic Brakes
Indlela inqubo yokuguqulwa yendabuko esebenze amashumi eminyaka ukuthi ukucindezela phansi kwe-pedal kudala ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic okusetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi ukuze kusebenze izicathulo ze-brake noma ama-pads. Ezisekelweni ezindala, i-pedal yenza ngokuqondile kwi-components hydraulic eyaziwa ngokuthi i-master cylinder. Ezinkambeni zanamuhla, isikhukhuni se-brake, esivame ukusetshenziswa ngamandla, sikhulisa amandla we-pedal futhi senze kube lula ukuwaphula.
Uma i-cylinder yensimbi ivuliwe, idala ukucindezelwa kwamanzi emigqeni yokugoqa. Lokho kucindezela okwenzeka ngemuva kwezinyathelo zezigqila ezinesigqila ngasinye, okufaka i-rotor emkhatsini wama-brake pads noma ucindezela izicathulo zokubheja ngaphandle ukuya kudramu.
Amasistimu e-brake yokuhlanza amanzi anamuhla ayinkimbinkimbi kunalokho, kodwa asebenza ngendlela efanayo. Ama-hydraulic or vacuum boosters anciphisa inani lemishini umshayeli okufanele asebenzise, futhi ubuchwepheshe njengama- anti-lock lock kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ukulandelela zikwazi ukuvuselela ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ukukhulula ama-brake.
Ama-brake kagesi kanye ne-electro-hydraulic asetshenziselwa kuphela amathrekhi. Njengoba amathreli ayenayo kakade ukuxhumeka kagesi okwenziwe izibani futhi ukushintsha izimbonakaliso, kuyinto elula ukufaka ucingo kwi-electro-hydraulic master cylinder noma ama-actuator kagesi. Ubuchwepheshe obunjalo buyatholakala kusuka kuma-OEMs ambalwa, kodwa uhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lokuphepha lwebhayisiki luye lwaholela embonini yezimoto ezihlala zingenqikazi ukwamukela ubuchwepheshe bokunakekelwa ngethusi kunoma yiliphi ikhono langempela.
Ama-Brake-Hydraulic Brakes Stop Short
Isitshalo samanje se-brake-by-wire amasistimu isebenzisa imodeli ye-electro-hydraulic engesiyo yonke i-electronic. Lezi zinhlelo zinezinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa umshayeli akayisebenzisi ngokuqondile i-master cylinder ngokucindezela nge-pedal ye-brake. Esikhundleni salokho, i-cylinder yensimbi iqhutshwa yi-motor kagesi noma ipompo elawulwa yiyunithi yokulawula.
Uma i-pedal ishicilelwe ohlelweni lwe-electro-hydraulic, iyunithi yokulawula isebenzisa ulwazi kusuka ezinhlokweni eziningana ukuze kunqume ukuthi ibhethri liphoqelela kangakanani isondo ngalinye. Isistimu ingasebenzisa inani elidingekile lokucindezela komzimba kumcali ngamunye.
Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-electro-hydraulic and yendabuko yokuhlanza imishini yilezi zingcindezi ezihilelekile. Ama-brake-hydraulic systems abhekana nokucindezela okukhulu kakhulu kunezinhlelo zendabuko. Ama-brake Hydraulic esebenza cishe ku-800 PSI ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zokushayela, kanti izinhlelo ze-Sensotronic electro-hydraulic zigcina izingcindezi eziphakathi kuka-2 000 no-2,300 PSI.
I-Electromechanical Systems Ngempela I-Brake-by-Wire
Nakuba izindlela zokukhiqiza zisasebenzisa izinhlelo ze-electro-hydraulic, ubuchwepheshe be-brake-by-wire abuqeda ngokuphelele imishini. Lolu buchwepheshe alubonakalanga kunoma iyiphi imodeli yokukhiqiza ngenxa yemvelo yokuhlunga okubalulekile, kodwa iye yathola ucwaningo olujulile nokuhlolwa.
Ngokungafani nama-bhisikidi e-electro-hydraulic, zonke izingxenye zesistimu ye-electro-mechanical ziyi-electronic. Abaqaphi babenezinsimbi ze-electronic esikhundleni se-hydraulic slal cylinders, futhi konke kulawulwa ngqo yiyunithi yokulawula esikhundleni se-high-pressure master cylinder. Lezi zinhlelo nazo zidinga inombolo yehadiwe eyengeziwe, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, amandla okuphoqa, nama-sensator position position in caliper ngayinye.
Amabhuleki we-Electromechanical afaka phakathi amanethiwekhi okuxhumana anzima kusukela ku-caliper ngamunye kufanele athole izimpendulo eziningi zamadatha ukuze akhiqize inani elifanele lokuqhaqhazela. Futhi ngenxa yemvelo yokuphepha okubalulekile yalezi zinhlelo, ngokuvamile kufanele kube ibhasi eliphindaphindiwe, elisezingeni eliphansi lokuletha idatha eluhlaza kubalindi.
Ukukhishwa kwe-Sticky yokuphepha kwe-Brake-by-Wire Technology
Ngesikhathi izinhlelo ze-hydro-electric ne-electromechanical ze-brake zingase zivikeleke kakhulu kunezinhlelo zendabuko, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu ne-ABS, ESC, nezinye ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, ukukhathazeka kokuphepha kubambile. Izindlela zokuwasha zendabuko zingakwazi futhi zingaphumeleli, kodwa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla omzimba kuphela kuzokuphanga umshayeli wekhono lokuyeka noma ukuphuza, kuyilapho izinhlelo ezinamathekisthi ezithinteka kakhulu zinezici eziningi zokuhluleka.
Izidingo ze-Failover, neminye imihlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokuphepha zokuphepha ezifana ne-brake-by-wire, zilawulwa ngamazinga okuphepha okusebenza njenge-ISO 26262
Ngubani ohlinzeka nge-Brake-by-Wire Technology?
I-Redundancy kanye nezinhlelo ezikwazi ukusebenza ngenani elincishisiwe lemininingwane lizogcina ubuchwepheshe be-brake-by-wire busetshenziswa ngokuphephile ngokwanele ukuze kube nokwamukelwa okubanzi, kodwa kule ndawo kuphela ama-OEMs asebenze ngamasu okusebenza kagesi.
I-Toyota yathatha isimiso sokusakazwa kwe-electro-hydraulic system ngonyaka ka-2001 nge-Estima Hybrid yayo, kanti ukuhlukahluka kobuchwepheshe be-Electronically Controlled Brake (ECB) bulokhu bukhona kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Ubuchwepheshe buvele kuqala e-US ngonyaka wonyaka we-2005 nge-Lexus RX 400h.
Isibonelo lapho ubuchwepheshe be-brake-by-wire behluleka ukuqaliswa ngesikhathi iMercedes-Benz idonsa uhlelo lwayo lwe-Sensotronic Brake Control (SBC), olwenziwe ngonyaka wezi-2001. Uhlelo lwasuswa ngokusemthethweni ngonyaka ka-2006 ngemuva kokukhumbula okubizayo ngo-2004, njengoba uMercedes ethi uzoletha ukusebenza okufanayo kwendlela ye-SBC yayo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwama-hydraulic freake system.