Igama elithi "umbono wezezimoto ebusuku" libhekisela eziningana zezinhlelo ezisiza ukwandisa ukuqwashisa komshayeli uma sekunyama. Lezi zinhlelo zandisa ukuqonda komshayeli ngaphesheya kokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kwezingqikithi ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhamera we-thermographic, izibani ze-infrared, ukubonisa izikrini, nokunye ubuchwepheshe. Njengoba umbono wobusuku wezimoto ungabonisa abashayeli ukuthi kube khona izinhlekelele ngaphambi kokuba zibonakala, lezi zinhlelo zingasiza ekuvimbeleni izingozi.
Umbono Wobusuku Usebenza Kanjani Kwezimoto?
Izindlela zokubuka ubusuku bezimoto zihlukaniswe zibe izigaba ezimbili eziyisisekelo, ezibhekwa njengezikhuthele futhi ezingenzi lutho. Amasistimu ombono webusuku esebenzayo asebenzisa imithombo yokukhanyisa kwe-infrared ukuze ukhanyise ubumnyama, futhi izinhlelo zokuziqhenya zixhomeke emisebeni yomshuwalense ekhishwe izimoto, izilwane nezinye izingozi ezingase zibe khona. Izindlela zombili zithembele kudatha ye-infrared, kodwa ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinselele.
Izinhlelo ze-Active Automotive Night Vision
Amasistimu asebenzayo ayinkimbinkimbi kunamasistimu angenayo ngoba asebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya kwe-infrared. Njengoba ibhande le-infrared lingena ngaphandle kwebala elibonakalayo, le mithombo ekhanyayo ayibangeli abashayeli abazayo ukuthi bahlupheke ngenxa yobumpumputhe besikhashana banjengezibani eziphezulu ze-beam. Lokho kuvumela ukuthi izibani ze-infrared zikhanyise izinto ezikude kakhulu kunokuba izibani zikwazi ukufinyelela.
Njengoba ukukhanya kwe-infrared kungabonakali esweni lomuntu, izinhlelo zokusebenza zobusuku obusebenzayo zisebenzisa amakhamera akhethekile ukuhambisa idatha eyengeziwe yokubukwa. Amanye amasistimu asebenzisa izibani ze-infrared ezifakiwe, kanti abanye basebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya ohlala njalo. Lezi zinhlelo azisebenzi kahle kakhulu ezimweni zesimo sezulu ezimbi, kodwa zinikeza imidwebo ephezulu yezimoto, izilwane, ngisho nezinto ezingaphili.
Amasistimu we-Night Passive Automotive
Izinqubo zezintambo azisebenzisi imithombo yazo yokukhanyisa, ngakho zithembela kumakhamera we-thermographic ukuthola imishanguzo yokushisa. Lokhu kuvame ukusebenza kahle nezilwane nezinye izimoto ngoba ziphuma emisebeni eminingi eshisayo. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zezintambo zinezinkinga zokuthatha izinto ezingapheliyo eziphathelene nokushisa okufanayo njengendawo yokuzungezile.
Ububanzi bombono obusuku obuseduze buvame ukuphakama kakhulu kunombono wobusuku obusebenzayo, obangelwa amandla anganiselwe wemithombo yokukhanya esetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokugcina. Ikhwalithi yesithombe ekhishwa ngamakhamera we-thermographic ibuye ibe mpofu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo, futhi ayisebenzi kahle esimweni esishisayo.
Ukwaziswa Kwenziwe Ngokwemvelo Noma Ulwazi Lwe-Thermographic Ngisiza Kanjani?
Kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo zokubukwa kwombono ebusuku ezikwazi ukuthumela imininingwane ye-infrared noma ye-thermographic kumshayeli. Izinhlelo zokuqala zokubuka ebusuku zisetshenziselwa ukubonisa izixwayiso, nezixwayiso kanye nezixwayiso esiteshini esiphezulu emkhakheni wombono womshayeli. Ezinye izinhlelo zisebenzisa i-LCD ehlanganiswe nedashi, kuqoqo lezinsimbi, noma ihlanganiswe neyunithi yekhanda.
Yimaphi Izimoto Zinezinhlelo Zokubuka Ubusuku?
Izindlela zokubuka ebusuku zezimoto zilokhu zizungezile kusukela ngo-1988, kodwa zitholakala ngokuyinhloko ezimotweni zokunethezeka. Ubuchwepheshe ngokuvamile buyimishini yokuzikhethela, futhi ingabiza kakhulu. Amahlelo wokubuka ubusuku bokuqala aqaliswa yi-GM, kodwa ezinye izakhi ezakhiwe nge-automakers manje zinezinguqulo zazo zobuchwepheshe.
Ibheji ye-Mercedes, iToyota, neToyota yeLexus yonke inika izinhlelo ezisebenzayo. Amanye ama-automakers, njenge-Audi, i-BMW ne-Honda, anikela ngezinketho ezingenzi lutho. Ibheji ye-Cadillac General General Motor iphinde inikeze uhlelo lokubuka ebusuku, kodwa ukhetho luye lwaphela ngo-2004.
Kukhona futhi nezinhlelo eziningi ezitholakalayo ku-aftermarket.
Ingabe Ukubona Kwamambala Kusiza Ngempela Ukunciphisa Izingozi?
Ngokusho kwe-European Commission ye-Automobile Industry, cishe amaphesenti angu-50 azo zonke izingozi ezenzeka ebusuku. Njengoba isifundo esifanayo sibonise cishe amaphesenti angama-60 emgwaqweni ebusuku, kusobala ukuthi inani elingenakulinganiswa lezingozi livela phakathi nosuku nosuku. Njengoba umbono ebusuku awutholakali kabanzi, ayikho idatha ecacile. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-National Highway Transportation Safety Administration lwembula ukuthi abanye abantu bazimisele ukushayela ngokushesha ebusuku ngokusiza lezi zinhlelo, ezingabangela izingozi eziningi.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye ubuchwepheshe obandisa ukubonakala kwebusuku kuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa izingozi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe obufana nezikhwebu eziguquguqukayo zisize ukunciphisa izingozi zebusuku, kungenzeka ukuthi ukwamukelwa kabanzi kwombono ebusuku kungaba nemiphumela efanayo.
Izindlela zokubuka ebusuku zikwazi ukuthola izinto ezingaphezu kwamamitha amahlanu, kodwa izibani zamasiko zendabuko zikhanyisa kuphela izinto ezingaba ngu-180 izinyawo. Njengoba ibanga lokumisa imoto lingase lide isikhathi eside kunamamitha angu-180, kuyacaca ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kahle kwesimiso sombono ebusuku kungasiza umshayeli oqaphile ukugwema ukushayisana okuthile.