Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri yemoto busebenza kanjani?
Ukuhola ne-asidi yizinto ezimbili abantu abaningi abazi kahle ukugwema. Ukuhola yinsimbi esindayo engabangela uhlu lonke lwezinkinga zempilo, futhi i-asidi, kahle, i-asidi. Ukukhulunywa nje kwegama kuveza izithombe zokuphuza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nososayensi abangenazicukuthwane abafuna ukubuswa emhlabeni.
Kodwa njenge-chocolate nebhokisi le-peanut, uhola kanye ne-asidi ngeke kubonakale sengathi behamba ndawonye, kodwa bayakwenza. Ngaphandle kokuhola ne-asidi, besingeke sibe namabhethri emoto, futhi ngaphandle kwamabhethri emoto, asingeke sithole izesekeli zanamuhla-noma izidingo eziyisisekelo, njengezibanikezeli- ezidinga ukuthi uhlelo lwegesi lusebenze. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinto ezimbili ezibulalayo zahlangana kanjani ukuze zenze isisekelo esiqinile samasu e-electronic electronics? Impendulo, ukuboleka inkulumo yegama, isisekelo.
Isayensi Yokugcina Amandla kagesi
Amabhethri kagesi amane nje izitsha zokugcina ezikwazi ukugcina ukushayela kagesi bese uzifaka emzimbeni. Amanye amabhethri akwazi ukukhiqiza okwamanje kagesi kusuka ezingxenyeni zabo eziyisisekelo ngokushesha nje lapho behlangene. Lawa mabhethri abizwa ngokuthi amabhethri okuqala , futhi avame ukulahlwa uma sekukhokhisiwe icala. Amabhethri emoto ayangena esigabeni esithile sebhethri kagesi esingahlawulwa, sikhululwe futhi sivuselelwe kaningi. Lawa mabhethri wesibili asebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuguquguqukayo okuhluke kuhlobo olulodwa lwebhethri elayishwayo komunye.
Ngokwezinto abantu abaningi abangaziqonda kalula, amabhethri AA noma AAA eniwathenga esitolo, banamathela ekulawuleni kwakho okude, bese belahla uma befa yizibhethri eziyinhloko. Zihlangene, ngokuvamile ezivela ku-zinc-carbon noma zinc kanye nama-manganese dioxide cells, futhi ziyakwazi ukunikeza okwamanje ngaphandle kokukhokhiswa. Uma befa, ubaphonsa kude-noma uwalahle kahle, uma ukhetha.
Yiqiniso, ungakwazi ukuthenga lawo mabhethri afanayo AA noma AAA kwifomu "elikhokhelwa kabusha" elibiza ngaphezulu. Lawa mabhethri avuselelekayo ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-nickel-cadmium noma ama-nickel-metal hydride cell. Ngokungafani namabhethri wendabuko "alkaline", amabhethri e-NiCd ne-NiMH awakwazi ukunikeza okwamanje umthwalo emhlanganweni. Esikhundleni salokho, i-current kagesi isetshenziselwa amangqamuzana, okubangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwebhethri. Wena ubambe ibhethri ekulawuleni kwakho okude, futhi uma ushona, uyifaka eshaja futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kuguqula inqubo yamakhemikhali eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhishwa.
Amabhethri emoto, asebenzisa i-lead kanye ne-sulfuric acid esikhundleni se-nickel oxyhydroxide kanye ne-alloy-absorbing alloy, afana namabhethri e-NiMH emsebenzini. Uma i-current kagesi isetshenziswa ibhethri, kwenzeka ukuphikisana kwamakhemikhali, kanti ukugcinwa kwegesi kugcinwa. Uma umthwalo uxhumekile kubhethri, lokho kuphendulela kuyashintsha, futhi okwamanje kunikezwe umthwalo.
Ukugcina I-Energy With Lead and Acid
Uma usebenzisa uhola kanye ne-asidi ukugcina ukushayela kagesi umsindo we-archaic, kuwukuthi. Ibhethri yokuqala yokuhola-acid yakhiwa ngawo-1850, futhi ibhethri emotweni yakho isebenzisa izimiso eziyisisekelo ezifanayo. Imiklamo nezinsiza ziye zashintsha eminyakeni edlule, kodwa umbono ofanayo oyisisekelo udlala.
Lapho ibhethri ehola-acid ekhishwa, i-electrolyte iba isisombululo esicubile kakhulu se-sulfuric acid-okusho ukuthi ikakhulukazi i-H20 elula futhi enye i-H2SO4 ithayela kuyo. Amapuleti okuhola, esebenzisa i-sulfuric acid, ngokuyinhloko ahola i-sulfate. Uma i-current kagesi isetshenziswa kubhethri, le nqubo igodluka. Amapulangwe okuhola ama-sulphate aphenduka (ikakhulukazi) abuyele ekuholeni, futhi ikhambi elihlanjululwayo le-sulfuric acid liye lagxila kakhulu.
Lokhu akuyona indlela ephumelelayo kakhulu yokugcina amandla kagesi, ngokuthi amangqamuzana alindayo futhi amancane afaniswa kanjani nesamba samandla abawagcina, kodwa amabhethri okuhola-asethi asetshenziswa namuhla ngezizathu ezimbili. Iyokuqala yindaba yezomnotho; Amabhethri wokuhola-acid aphansi kakhulu ukukhiqiza kunanoma iyiphi enye indlela. Esinye isizathu ukuthi amabhethri okuhola-acid akwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokukhululeka kwamanje ngesikhathi esisodwa, okwenza kube ngokukhethekile ukuba basebenzise njengoba beqala amabhethri.
I-Cycle Yakho Ejulile Kangakanani?
Amabhethri emoto yendabuko ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ngamabhethri e-SLI , lapho i- "SLI" imele ukuqala, ukukhanyisa nokushisa. Lesi sichazamazwi sibonisa izinhloso eziyinhloko zebhethri yemoto kahle, njengoba umsebenzi oyinhloko webhethri yemoto ukuqhuba imoto yokuqala, izibani, nokushisa ngaphambi kokuba injini isebenze. Ngemva kokuba injini isebenza, i-alternator inikeza wonke amandla agesi kagesi, futhi ibhethri ibuyiswa.
Lolu hlobo lokusetshenziswa luhlobo olungajulile lomjikelezo womsebenzi, ngoba lunikeza isikhashana esincane semali enkulu yamanje, futhi yilokho amabhethri emoto aklanyelwe ukukwenza. Ngalokho engqondweni, amabhethri emoto wamanje anamapuletsheni amancane kakhulu okuhola, okuvumela inani eliphakeme lokuchayeka kwi-electrolyte, futhi linikeza insizakalo engcono kakhulu ngezikhathi ezincane. Lokhu kuklanywa kuyadingeka ngenxa yezidingo ezinkulu zamanje zezimoto zokuqala.
Ngokuphambene nokuqala amabhethri, amabhethri ejubane ejubane nenye uhlobo lwebhethri yokuhola-acid elenzelwe umjikelezo "ojulile". Ukucushwa kwamapulethi kuhlukile, ngakho-ke akuhambisani kahle nokuhlinzeka okuningi kwamanje okufunayo. Kunalokho, zenzelwe ukunikeza amandla amancane isikhathi esiningi. Umjikelezo "ujulile" ngoba ubude, kunokuba ngenxa yokukhishwa jikelele kube mkhulu. Ngokungafani nokuqala amabhethri, avuselelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokusetshenziswa konke , amabhethri omjikelezo ojulile angakhululwa kancane kancane-ezingeni eliphephile-ngaphambi kokuba aphinde aphinde aphinde aphinde aphinde aphinde aphinde aphinde aphinde avuselelwe. Njengokuqala amabhethri, umjikelezo ojulile wokuhola i-acid amabhethri akufanele ukhishwe ngaphansi kwezinga eliphakanyisiwe ukugwema umonakalo ongunaphakade.
Iphakheji ehlukile, ubuchwepheshe obufanayo
Yize ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bebhethri ehola-acid belokhu bufana kakhulu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhali kanye namasu kuye kwabangela ukuhlukahluka okuningi. Amabhethri omjikelezo ojulile, empeleni, sebenzisa ukucushwa kweplate okuhlukile ukuvumela umjikelezo womsebenzi ojulile. Okunye ukuhluka kuthatha izinto ngisho nangaphezulu.
Ukuhamba phambili okukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe bebhethri-lead acid bekuye kwaba yi-valve-regulated-lead acid (VRLA) amabhethri. Basesebenzisa i-lead ne-sulfuric acid, kodwa "abanamanzi," amangqamuzana amanzi. Esikhundleni salokho, basebenzisa i-gel cell noma i-glass matt (AGM) etholakalayo ye-electrolyte. Inqubo yamakhemikhali iyafana nezinga eliyisisekelo, kodwa lezi amabhethri azikho ngaphansi kokugqithiswa njengamanzi amabhethri ezinsimbi ezikhukhulayo, futhi azange zihlaselwe ukuvuza uma ziboshwe.
Nakuba amabhethri e-VRLA anenzuzo eningana, ayabiza kakhulu ukhiqiza kunamasiko amabhethri esilala. Ngakho-ke ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuhamba phambili, amathuba okuba uzobe ushayela ngokuzenzekelayo nge-cutting edge 1860s technology ngaphansi kwehholo lakho isikhathi esithile okwamanje-ngaphandle kokuthi uhambe ugesi. Kodwa lokho kuyindaba ehlukile ngokwemibhethri.