I-Linux Services Files Stores Amachweba Awaziwayo
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze- UNIX zigcina lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ifayela lezinsiza ku / etc / amasevisi. Igcina ulwazi mayelana nezinsizakalo eziningi ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zamakhasimende zingasebenzisa kukhompyutha. Ngaphakathi kwefayela yigama lensizakalo, inombolo ye-port kanye ne-protocol esebenzisa, nanoma yiziphi iziphazamiso ezikhona.
Izinombolo zezibuko zihlelwe kumasevisi athile kufana nefayela le-Hosts kuma-computer e-Windows libala igama lomsingeli ekhelini le-IP . Noma kunjalo, ifayela lezinsizakalo ze-UNIX zokusebenza alihlanganisi amakheli e-IP kepha kunolwazi olufana nokuthi isevisi i-TCP noma i-UDP nokuthi yiziphi amagama ezivamile ezingase zihambe ngazo.
Umhleli wombhalo olula ungasetshenziswa ukuhlela ifayela / etc / amasevisi, njengeVim noma Kate.
Isibonelo sefayela lezinsiza ze-UNIX
Ku-UNIX, indima eyinhloko yefayili yokucushwa / njll / izinsizakalo ukuze izinhlelo zenze i-getportbyname () amasokhethi abize ikhodi yabo ukuze baqonde ukuthi yikuphi okumele bayisebenzise. Isibonelo, i-daemon ye-imeyli ye-POP3 ingenza igama le-getportby (POP3) ukuze lithole inombolo 110 i-POP3 eqhubekela phambili.
Umqondo wukuthi uma zonke izidakamizwa ze-POP3 zisebenzisa i-getportbyname (), ngakho-ke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzela i-POP3 daemon, ungahlala ubuyekeze inombolo yayo ye-port ngokuhlela / njll / amasevisi.
Qaphela: Akuthenjelwa ukusebenzisa ifayela lezinsizakalo ukuze uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinombolo ze-port. Uma ufuna ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zamachweba ezisebenzisayo, kufanele usebenzise loluhlelo ukuze uthole ukuthi yiziphi izindawo ezibhekiswe kuzo. Uma kusebenza i-lsof akufanelekile, khona-ke kufanele ucwaninge ngamaports ngokubhekisela okujwayelekile.
Wonke amafayela wezinsizakalo alandela i- syntax efanayo ye:
igama port / ama-protocol ama-aliase amazwanaKodwa-ke, i-alias kanye nokuphawula kokufaka imininingwane ngayinye akudingekile, njengoba ungabona kule fayela yezinsizakalo zesevisi:
$ cat / njll / amasevisi # # Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Wonke amalungelo agodliwe. # Ukusetshenziswa kuncike kwimigomo yelayisense. Izinsiza # # # # # # 1.34 08/11/19 SMI "# # Izinsizakalo zenethiwekhi, isitayela se-inthanethi # tcpmux 1 / tcp echo 7 / tcp echo 7 / udp ukulahla 9 / tcp sink null ukulahla 9 / udp sink null system Abasebenzisi abangu-11 / tcp usuku nosuku 13 / tcp usuku nosuku 13 / udp netstat 15 / tcp ukushaja 19 / tcp ttytst umthombo ukulayisha 19 / udp ttytst source ftp-data 20 / tcp ftp 21 / tcp ssh 22 / tcp # Shell ephephile telnet 23 / tcp smtp Isikhathi se-25 / tcp mail 37 / tcp timserver isikhathi 37 / udp timserver igama 42 / udp nameserver whois 43 / tcp igama lomsebenzisi # ngokuvamile ukuba sri-nic swat 901 / tcp # Samba Web Adm.Tool servicetag 6481 / tpp snmpd 161 / udp snmp # i-SMA snmp daemon $