Kukhona iziqondiso eziningi kwi-intanethi ebonisa indlela yokwakha izikripthi ze-Shell usebenzisa i-BASH futhi lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukunikeza u-spin ohlukile ngoba ubhalwe ngumuntu onokuhlangenwe nakho okuncane kakhulu kwe-shell shell.
Manje ungase ucabange ukuthi lo mqondo ongeyena kodwa ngiyathola ukuthi ezinye iziqondiso zikhuluma nawe njengokuthi usuvele uchwepheshe kanye nezinye iziqondiso zithatha isikhathi eside ukusika ukuxosha.
Ngenkathi isipiliyoni sami se-LINUX / UNIX script siphelelwe yisikhathi, ngingumthuthukisi we-software ngokuhweba futhi ngisandla sokubhaliwe ngezilimi zokubhala njenge-PERL, PHP ne-VBScript.
Iphuzu lombhalo wukuthi uzofunda njengoba ngifunda futhi noma yiluphi ulwazi engiluthathayo ngizokudlulisela kuwe.
Ukuqalisa
Kukhona ngokusobala ukuthi kuningi kakhulu engingakudlulisela khona ngokuqondile njengokuchaza izinhlobo ezahlukene zegobolondo kanye nezinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-BASH ngaphezu kwe-KSH ne-CSH.
Abantu abaningi lapho befunda okuthile okusha bafuna ukungena futhi baqale ngezifundo ezisebenzayo kuqala futhi ngaleyo engqondweni ngeke ngikubelethe nge-trivia engabalulekile okwamanje.
Konke okudingayo kokulandela le mihlahlandlela kungumhleli wombhalo kanye nokugcina okusebenzayo ku-BASH (igobolondo elizenzakalelayo kokusabalalisa okuningi kwe-Linux).
Abahleli Bombhalo
Ezinye iziqondiso engizifundile zishicilele ukuthi udinga umhleli wombhalo ohlanganisa ukufaka ikhodi yezinhlamvu zomyalo kanye nabahleli abanconywayo yi- VIM noma i- EMACS .
Ukubhala ikhodi yombhalo kuhle ngoba kugcizelela imiyalo njengoba uthayipha kodwa uma usuqala ukuqala ungasebenzisa amaviki ambalwa okuqala ukufunda i-VIM ne-EMACS ngaphandle kokubhala umugqa owodwa wekhodi.
Phakathi kokubili engikukhethayo i-EMACS kodwa ukwethembeka ngithanda ukusebenzisa umhleli olula njenge- nano , gedit noma i-leafpad.
Uma ubhala imibhalo ekhompyutheni yakho futhi wazi ukuthi uzohlala uthola indawo yemifanekiso bese ungakhetha umhleli osebenza kahle kuwe futhi ungaba imidwebo efana neGeget noma umhleli ohamba ngqo ekugcineni njenge-nano noma i-vim.
Ngenhloso yalo mhlahlandlela Ngizosebenzisa i-nano njengoba ifakwe natively kuningi lokusabalalisa kwe-Linux ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi uzokwazi ukufinyelela kuyo.
Ukuvula iWindows Window
Uma usebenzisa ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux ngedeskithophu ecacile njenge-Linux Mint noma Ubuntu ungavula iwindi lokugcina ngokucindezela i-CTRL + ALT + T.
Lapho Ukufaka Izikripthi Zakho
Ngezinhloso zalesi sifundo ungafaka izikripthi zakho kwifolda ngaphansi kwefolda yakho yasekhaya.
Ngaphakathi kwewindi lokugcina uqiniseke ukuthi usefolda yakho yasekhaya ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo:
cd ~Umyalo we-cd umele isiqondisi shintsha kanye ne-tilde (~) isinqamuleli sefolda yakho yasekhaya.
Ungahlola ukuthi usendaweni efanele ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo:
i-pwdUmyalo we-pwd uzokutshela isiqondisi sakho samanje esisebenza (lapho ukhona esihlahleni somqondisi). Endabeni yami ubuyele / ekhaya / gary.
Manje kusobala ukuthi ngeke ufune ukubeka ama-scripts akho ngqo kufolda yekhaya ukuze udale ifolda ebizwa ngokuthi izikripthi ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo.
izikripthi ze-mkdirShintsha kufolda entsha yeskripthi ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo:
cd scriptsIskripthi sakho sokuqala
Kuyinto evamile lapho ufunda indlela yokwenza ukwenza uhlelo lokuqala luvele lukhiphe amagama athi "Sawubona Umhlaba".
Kusuka ngaphakathi kwefolda yakho yeskripthi faka umyalo olandelayo:
nano helloworld.shManje faka ikhodi elandelayo efasiteleni le-nano.
#! / bin / bash echo "umhlaba wamukelekile"Cindezela i-CTRL + O ukuze ugcine ifayela ne-CTRL + X ukuze uphume nano.
Iskripthi ngokwalo sakhiwa kanje:
I-#! / Bin / bash idinga ukufakwa phezulu kuzo zonke izikripthi ozibhalayo njengoba ivumela abahumushi kanye nesistimu yokusebenza bayakwazi ukuphatha ifayela. Ngokuyinhloko nje khumbula ukuyibeka bese ukhohlwa ukuthi kungani ukwenza.
Umugqa wesibili unomyalo owodwa okuthiwa i-echo owenza umbhalo olandela ngokushesha.
Qaphela ukuthi uma ufuna ukubonisa igama elingaphezu kwelilodwa udinga ukusebenzisa izingcaphuno ezimbili (") kuzungeze amagama.
Manje ungasebenzisa iskripthi ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo:
sh helloworld.shAmagama athi "world hello" kufanele avele.
Enye indlela yokusebenzisa izikripthi kanje:
./helloworld.shAmathuba ukuthi uma uqhuba lo myalo ku-terminal yakho ngokushesha uzothola iphutha lezimvume.
Ukuze unikeze izimvume zokusebenzisa iskripthi ngale ndlela uthayiphe lokhu okulandelayo:
sudo chmod + x helloworld.shNgakho kwenzekani ngempela lapho? Kungani ungakwazi ukugijima i-helloworld.sh ngaphandle kokushintsha izimvume kodwa usebenza ./helloworld.sh kubangele inkinga?
Indlela yokuqala ilayisha umhumushi we-bash obamba i-helloworld.sh njenge-input futhi usebenza ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngayo. Umhumushi we-bash usevele unezimvume zokugijima futhi nje udinga ukugijima imiyalo kusikripthi.
Indlela yesibili ivumela isistimu yokusebenza ukuthi isebenze ngokukhipha iskriphthi ngakho-ke idinga ibhethri ephathekayo ukuze ikhiphe.
Isikripthi esingenhla siphumelele kodwa kwenzekani uma ufuna ukubonisa amakhothethi?
Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokufeza lokhu. Isibonelo ungabeka ukuhlehla emuva ngaphambi kwamanothi okucaphuna kanje:
landela \ "umhlaba wamukelekile \"Lokhu kuzokhipha umkhiqizo "hello world".
Lindela okwesikhashana kodwa, kuthiwani uma ufuna ukubonisa \ "izwe lomhlaba \"?
Uyakwazi ukuphunyuka abalingiswa bokuphunyuka kanye
landela \\ "\" umhlaba womhlaba \\ "\"Lokhu kuzokhipha umkhiqizo \ "hello umhlaba \".
Manje ngiyazi ukuthi ucabangani. Kodwa ngifuna ngempela ukubonisa \\ "\" umhlaba womhlaba \\ "\"
Ukusebenzisa i-echo nazo zonke lezi zinhlamvu eziphunyukayo zingathola ngobuwula. Kunomyalo owodwa ongayisebenzisa okuthiwa i-printf.
Ngokwesibonelo:
printf '% s \ n' '\\ "\" izwe lomhlaba \\ "\"'Qaphela ukuthi umbhalo esifuna ukuwuveza uphakathi kwamacaphuno owodwa. Umyalo we-printf uphumelela umbhalo kusuka kwiskripthi sakho. I-% s isho ukuthi izobonisa uchungechunge, i \ n izikhipha umugqa omusha.
Isifingqo
Asizange sihlanganise ngempela umhlabathi owodwa kodwa ngethemba ukuthi une-script yakho yokuqala yokusebenza.
Esikhathini esilandelayo sizobe sibheka ekuthuthukiseni kwiskripthi somhlaba we-hello ukubonisa umbhalo ngemibala ehlukene, wamukele futhi uphathe imingcele yokufakwayo, iziguquko nokubeka ikhodi yakho.