Inkinga enkulu abasebenzisi abasha abanayo lapho ukufaka i-Linux kuthatha umqondo wokuhlukanisa i-hard drive.
Abantu abazama iLinux okokuqala bavame ukuphinda baqhube i-boot nge-Windows ukuze babe nolwazi olujwayelekile lokuphepha.
Inkathazo ukuthi ukuphinda kabili kunzima kunzima kakhulu kunokufaka i- Linux ngqo kwi-hard drive njengesistimu yokusebenza kuphela.
Lokhu, ngeshwa, inikeza umbono ongalungile wokuthi i-Linux kunzima ukuyifaka. Iqiniso yilokho ukuthi i-Linux iyona kuphela uhlelo lokusebenza oluhlinzeka ngokukhethwa kokubili. Kungenakwenzeka ukufaka i-Linux kuqala bese ufaka iWindows njengehlelo lesibili.
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi iWindows ifuna ukuba yiqembu elikhulu futhi ithathe lonke idrayivu.
Ithuluzi elisekelwe kakhulu le-Linux lokuhlukanisa i-hard drive yakho i-GParted futhi itholakala kwimifanekiso eminingi ebukhoma yokusabalalisa kwe-Linux.
Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi futhi unikeza ukubuka ngokubanzi izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlukanisa.
Isixhumanisi Somsebenzisi
I-GParted inemenyu phezulu ngebha yamathuluzi engaphansi.
Isixhumanisi esiyinhloko, noma kunjalo, sinomfanekiso ocacile we-disk ekhethiwe kanye netafula uhlu lwazo zonke izingxenye.
Ekhoneni elingakwesokudla eliphezulu, uzobona uhlu lokudonsa okungafani ne / dev / sda. Uhlu luqukethe uhlu lwamashayela atholakalayo.
Ku-laptop ejwayelekile, uzobona kuphela / dev / sda okuyinto idrayivu enzima. Uma ufaka idrayivu ye-USB kuzongezwa ohlwini njengo / dev / sdX (ie / dev / sdb, / dev / sdc, / dev / sdd).
Amabhuloki e-Rectangular (amanye amancane, amanye amakhulu) athulwe ngaphesheya kwesikrini. Ikhatshana ngalinye limelela ukuhlukanisa ku-hard drive yakho.
Ithebula elingaphansi libonisa incazelo yombhalo ngayinye yezingxenye futhi ihlanganisa ulwazi olulandelayo:
- Ukuhlukanisa
- Igama
- Uhlelo lwefayela
- Mount Point
- Ilebula
- Usayizi
- Kusetshenziswe
- Engasetshenzisiwe
- Amafulegi
Izingxenye
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa ukwahlukanisa okusethwe kukhompyutha ephathekayo engiyisebenzisayo ekubhaliseni lo mhlahlandlela. Ikhompiyutha okwamanje isethelwe ukuqala izinhlelo ezintathu zokusebenza:
- I-Windows 10
- Ubuntu
- Makulu Linux
Ezisekelweni ezindala (pre-UEFI) iWindows ngokuvamile izothatha ingxenye eyodwa enkulu eyathatha yonke i-disk. Abanye abakhiqizi bafaka ama-partition wokutakula ku-drive futhi ngakho-ke ungathola ukuthi amakhompiyutha amadala anama-partition amabili.
Ukwenza i-Linux kuma-pre-UEFI amakhompiyutha ungathatha i-Windows partition bese uyiqeda usebenzisa i-GParted. Ukwehlisa i-Windows partition kuzoshiya indawo yendawo engabelwe indawo ongayisebenzisa ukuze udale izingxenye ze-Linux.
Ukusethwa kwe-Linux ngokujwayelekile kwikhompyutha yangaphambi kwe-UEFI kuzofaka izingxenye ezintathu:
- Umsuka
- Ikhaya
- Shintsha
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande kuyoba lapho ungangena khona i-Linux, ukwahlulelwa ekhaya kugcina wonke amadokhumenti akho, umculo, amavidiyo nezilungiselelo zokuhlela. Ukuhlukaniswa kokushintshaniswa kuzosetshenziselwa ukugcina izinqubo ezingasebenzi, ukukhulula imemori kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ukuphinda usebenzise i-Boot Windows XP, i-Vista no-7 nge-Linux uzoba nezinxenye ezine ezilandelayo (5 uma ugcine ukwahlukanisa kabusha)
- Windows
- Umsuka
- Ikhaya
- Shintsha
Ku-system ye- UEFI kusejwayelekile ukuthi ube nezingxenye eziningi ngisho noma usebenzisa i-Windows 8 noma i-10 kuphela.
Ukubuka indawo yami ye-disk ngenhla (okuyinto enikeziwe inezingxenye eziningi ezingaphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yokusethwa kwe-boot kathathu) lezi zingxenye ezilandelayo zikhona:
- I-EFI (/ dev / sda1)
- I-Microsoft Reserved Partition (/ dev / sda2)
- I-Windows (/ dev / sda3)
- Ubuntu (/ dev / sda6)
- I-Makulu (/ dev / sda7)
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-NTFS (/ dev / sda4)
- isikhala esingenasabelo
- shintsha (/ dev / sda5)
Ukuthembeka lokhu akuyona ukusetha okunamandla kakhulu.
Kumakhompyutheni e-UEFI, kufanele ube ne-EFI system partition. (512 MB ngobukhulu). Lokhu ngokuvamile lapho ufaka khona i-bootloader ye-GRUB uma ukhuthazwa yi-Linux efakiwe.
Uma uhlela ukuphinda kabili nge-Windows khona-ke uzodinga lawa mahlukanisi:
- EFI
- IWindows (NTFS)
- I-Linux Root Partition (ie EXT4)
- Shintsha
Ungase ukhethe ukwengeza ukwahlukana kwekhaya kodwa lokhu kungabalulekile namuhla. Isidingo sokuhlukanisa ukushintshaniswa siphezu kwempikiswano.
Ukuvuselela izingxenye
Ukuze ufake i-Linux ngokwahlukana kwayo, kuzodingeka wenze isikhala salo futhi indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ukwehlisa i-Windows partition.
Chofoza ngakwesokudla kwi-Windows partition (Yisigaba esikhulu se-NTFS) bese ukhetha usayizi we-resize / ukuhamba kusuka kwimenyu.
Iwindi elisha lizovela ngezinketho ezilandelayo:
- Isikhala samahhala esandulele
- Usayizi omusha
- Isikhala samahhala esilandelayo
- Qondanisa ku
Qaphela kakhulu lapho uhambisa izingxenye. Ukuthembeka ngiyincoma ukukwenza.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqaphele umlayezo ochaza ubuncane obuncane bokuhlukanisa. Uma uhamba ngezansi usayizi obuncane uzobhubhisa noma iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza okwamanje ehlala kuhlukaniso.
Ukuze ushintshele ukwahlukanisa faka usayizi omusha kuma-megabytes. Ngokuvamile, udinga ubuncane bama-gigabytes angu-10 kodwa ngempela kufanele uvumele okungenani ama-gigabytes angama-20 futhi okungcono ama-gigabytes angu-50 noma ngaphezulu.
I-gigabyte ingama-megabyte angu-1000 (noma ama-megabyte angu-1024 ukuba abe ngqo). Ukuze ushintshe isahlulelo esinama-gigabytes angu-100 abe ngama-gigabytes angama-50 ngesayizi ngakho-ke ushiya isigaba sama-50 gigabyte esikhala esingabelwe ukungenisa 50000.
Konke okudingeka ukwenze khona ke uchofoza usayizi we-resize / ukuhambisa.
Kanjani Ukwakha Ama-Partitions Amasha
Ukwakha ukuhlukanisa okusha kumele ube nesinye isikhala esingenasikelwe.
Chofoza kusihlukaniso sesikhala esingenakunikwa bese uchofoza uphawu oluthe xaxa kubha yamathuluzi noma chofoza ngakwesokudla bese ukhetha "okusha".
Iwindi elisha livela ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- Isikhala samahhala esandulele
- Usayizi omusha
- Isikhala samahhala esilandelayo
- Qondanisa ku
- Dala njengo
- Igama lokuhlukanisa
- Uhlelo lwefayela
- Ilebula
Ngokuvamile, unesithakazelo usayizi omusha, dala njenge, igama, isistimu yesistimu, nelebula.
Ibhokisi lesayizi elisha lihlehliselwa inani eligcwele lesikhala esingenasikelwe. Uma uhlose ukwakha izingxenye ezimbili (okusho ukuhlukanisa izimpande nokuguquguquka) uzodinga ukunciphisa usayizi ukuvumela ukudala ukwahlukana okubili.
I-creatas inezinhlobo ezintathu ezingenzeka:
- Okuyinhloko
- Kuyaqondakala
- Kunwetshiwe
Emishini emikhulu, ungaba nezingxenye eziyinhloko ezingama-4 kodwa kumishini esekelwe ku-UEFI ungaba nokuningi.
Uma usuvele unezingxenye ezingu-4 eziyinhloko kwikhompyutha endala bese ungakha ukwahlukana okunengqondo ngaphakathi kwezingxenye eziyisisekelo zokusebenzisa ne-Linux. I-Linux ingaqalisa ngokuhlukanisa okunengqondo.
Igama lokuhlukanisa igama elichazayo lehlukaniso.
Uhlelo lwefayela lungaba okukodwa kokulandelayo:
- btrfs
- exfat
- ext2
- ext3
- ext4
- f2fs
- fat16
- fat32
- hfs
- hfs +
- lfs
- shintsha
- lvm2
- ntfs
- reiser2
- ufs
- xfs
Ngokwehlukanisa okuyinhloko kwe-Linux kunesilinganiso esivamile ukusebenzisa i-ext4 ukwahlukanisa futhi kusobala, ukwahlukana kokushintshana kuzobekwa kushintshaniswa.
Ukususa izingxenye
Ungasusa ukwahlukaniswa okungasetshenzisiwe ngokuchofoza kwesokudla bese ukhetha ukususa. Lokhu kuyasiza uma ufake i-Linux futhi ufisa ukususa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungase futhi uchofoze umbuthano nomugqa ngokusebenzisa isithonjana.
Ngemuva kokususa ukwahlukana kwe-Linux ungashintsha kabusha ukwahlukana kwe-Windows ukuze isebenzise isikhala esingekho esisele ngemuva kokususa ukwahlukanisa.
Ukufometha izingxenye
Ungafometha ukwahlukana ngokuchofoza ngakwesokudla ekuhlukanisweni bese ukhetha ifomethi. Ungabe usukhetha noma yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlukanisa ezibalwe ngaphambili.
Ulwazi lokuhlukanisa
Ungathola ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokwahlukana ngokuchofoza kwesokudla kuhlukaniso nokukhetha ulwazi.
Ulwazi oluhlinzekwe lufana nalokhu etafuleni eliyinhloko kodwa uzokwazi ukubona ama-cylinders okuqala nokuphela.
Ukwenza Izinguquko
Ukwakha izingxenye, ukwehlisa izingxenye, ukufometha ukwahlukana nokususa izingxenye zonke kwenzeka enkumbulweni uze wenze lezi zinguquko.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungadlala nxazonke ngezingxenyekazi ku-drive yakho ngaphandle kokuphula noma yini.
Uma wenze iphutha ungakhetha ukucacisa konke okukhethwa kukho imenyu yokusebenza kusuka kumenyu yokuhlela.
Ukuze wenze izinguquko noma cindezela uphawu kumabha yamathuluzi noma ukhethe ukusebenzisa konke okukhethwa kukho imenyu yokusebenza kwimenyu yokuhlela.