I-APF isetshenziswa ku-macOS, iOS, i-watchOS, ne-tvOS
I-APFS (i-Apple File System) uhlelo lokuhlela nokuhlela idatha kwisistimu yokugcina. Ama-APFS akhululwe ekuqaleni nge-MacOS Sierra esikhundleni se-HFS eneminyaka engu-30 ubudala .
I-HFS + ne-HFS (inguqulo yangaphambilini yeSistimu Yefayela Ye-Hierarchy) ekuqaleni yadalwa emuva ezinsukwini zama-floppy disks, okwakuyi-medium storage storage ye-Mac ngenkathi kuqhutshwa izinkinobho ezinzima kwakuyizinketho ezibizayo ezinikezwa ngabesithathu.
Esikhathini esidlule, i-Apple iye yabelana ngothando ngokufaka i-HFS + esikhundleni, kodwa i-APFS esevele ifakiwe ku- iOS , i- tvOS , ne- watchOS manje isistimu yefayela ezenzakalelayo ye-MacOS High Sierra nakamuva.
I-APFS ilungiselelwe Ubuchwepheshe Bokugcinwa Kwamanje Nekusasa & # 39; s
I-HFS + yaqaliswa lapho izintambo ezingu-800 kb ziyinkosi . Ama-Macs wamanje angase angasebenzisi izintambo, kodwa ukushayela izinkinobho ezinzima sekuqala ukubonakala sengathi kungokwezihlabelelo . Njengoba i-Apple igcizelela isitoreji esisekelwe ku-flash kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yayo, uhlelo lwefayili olulungiswe ukusebenza nemidiya yokujikeleza, futhi ukulandelana kwe-inherent ekulindeni i-disk ukusizungeza nje akukwenzi umqondo omkhulu.
Ama-APF aklanyelwe kusukela ekungeneni kwe-SSD nakwezinye izinhlelo zokugcina ezisekelwe flash. Ngisho noma i-APFS ihlelwe ngendlela isitoreji esisebenza ngayo esiqinile, senza kahle ngezinkinobho ezinzima zanamuhla.
Ubufakazi Besikhathi Esizayo
I-APF isekela inombolo ye-inode engu-64-bit. I- inode iyisihlonzi esiyingqayizivele esichaza into yesistimu yefayili. Into yefayili yesistimu ingaba yinoma yini; ifayela, ifolda. Nge-inode engama-64-bit, i-APFS ingabamba cishe i-9 quintillion system yezinto izinto eziqhamukayo ezidlule umkhawulo omdala wezi-2.1 billion.
I-quintillion engu-9 ingase ibonakale njengenombolo enhle kakhulu, futhi ungase ubuze ngokufanele ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi yokugcina izokuba nesithuba esanele sokubamba izinto ezinengi. Impendulo idinga ukulingana nezitayela zokugcina. Cabanga ngalokhu: i-Apple isivele iqalile ukuhambisa ubuchwepheshe bokugcina isitoreji emabhizinisini emikhiqizweni yezinga lomthengi, njenge-Mac kanye nekhono layo lokusebenzisa isitoreji esihlanganisiwe. Lokhu kubonwe okokuqala kumashayeli we-Fusion athuthe idatha phakathi kwe-SSD ephezulu yokusebenza kanye ne-slower, kodwa enkulu kakhulu, idrayivu eyinkimbinkimbi. Idatha etholakale kaningi yayigcinwe kwi-SSD esheshayo, kuyilapho amafayela asetshenziselwa kancane kancane agcinwa kwi-hard drive.
Nge-MacOS , i-Apple yenezela le mqondo ngokungeza isitoreji esisekelwe ku-Cloud ku-mix. Ukuvumela ama-movie nemibukiso ye-TV osuvele uyibuka ukuze igcinwe ku-iCloud ekhulula isitoreji sendawo. Ngenkathi lesi sibonelo sokugcina singadingi uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lwezinombolo ze-inode kuwo wonke ama-disks asetshenziswa yilesi simiso esilondoloziwe, sibonisa isiqondiso jikelele i-Apple ingase ihambe; ukuletha ndawonye ubuchwepheshe obuningi bokugcina obuhambisana kahle nezidingo zomsebenzisi, futhi ube ne-OS ibone njengesikhala sefayela elilodwa.
Izici ze-APFS
I-APF inezinombolo zezici ezazihlukanisa nezinhlelo zamafayela amadala.
- Ama-clones - ama- Clones avumela amakhophi amafayili asheshayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isikhala esengeziwe. Esikhundleni sokukopisha ifayela kancane kancane kusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwesinye, ama-clones esikhundleni salokho ubhekisela efayeleni yasekuqaleni, ukwabelana ngamabhulokhi wedatha afana phakathi kwamafayela amabili. Yenza ushintsho kwifayili eyodwa, futhi kuphela ibhulogi yedatha eshintshiwe ibhaliswe ku-clone entsha, kuyilapho kokubili i-original kanye ne-clone iqhubeka nokwabelana ngamabhuloki wedatha angashintshi. Lokhu akugcini nje ukwenza ifayela likopishe futhi lilondoloze ngokusheshisa, kodwa liphinde londoloze izidingo zesikhala sesitoreji.
- Ama-Snapshots - APFS angakha isifinyezo sevolumu esimele iphuzu ngesikhathi. Izifinyezo zingasetshenziselwa ukusiza ama-backups anempilo futhi ikuvumele ukuthi ubuyele emuva kokuthi izinto zazingekuphi iphuzu elithile ngesikhathi. Ama-snapshots afundwa-kuphela kuphela kumvolumu wokuqala kanye nedatha yayo. Isifinyezo esisha asithathi isikhala sangempela, ngaphandle kwesilinganiso sesikhala esidingekayo ukugcina i-pointer kumthamo wangempela. Njengoba isikhathi sidlula futhi izinguquko zenziwe kumvolumu wokuqala, isifinyezo sibuyekezwa kanye nezinguquko ezenzekayo kuphela.
- Ukubethela - i-APFS isekela ukubethela okugcwele okugcwele kwe-disk kusetshenziswa izindlela ze-AES-XTS noma i-AES-CBC. Kokubili amafayela kanye nemethadatha izobhalwa ngekhodi. Izindlela zokubethela ezisekelwe zifaka:
- Sula (akukho ukubethela).
- Ukhiye owodwa.
- Isihluthulelo-Multi, okhiye ngamunye-wefayela kokubili idatha nemethadatha.
- Ukwabelana ngesikhala -Isabelo sokwabelana siphelela ekuqhathaniseni ubungako bokuhlukanisa; Kunalokho, yonke imiqulu ihlanganyela isikhala samahhala esingaphansi kwidrayivu . Ukukwabelana ngesikhala kuzokuvumela imiqulu eminingi kwi-drive ukuthi ikhule futhi ihlehlise ngokuqinile njengoba kudingeka, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlukanisa.
- Ikhophi-On-Write - Lolu hlelo lokuvikela idatha luvumela izakhiwo zedatha ukuba zabiwe uma nje kungekho ushintsho olwenziwe. Uma ushintsho luceliwe (bhala), kwenziwa ikhophi entsha eyingqayizivele, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okushiywe kwesokunxele kuqinisiwe. Kuphela emva kokuphela kokubhalwa kuqedile ulwazi lwefayela luvuselelwe ukukhomba idatha entsha.
- I-Atomic Safe-Save - Lokhu kufana nomqondo wokukopisha-nge-bhala kodwa kusebenza kunoma yikuphi ukusebenza kwefayili, njengokufaka kabusha noma ukuhambisa ifayela noma isiqondisi. Ukusebenzisa ukuqamba kabusha njengesibonelo, ifayela elizokwakhiwa kabusha likopishwa ngedatha entsha (igama lefayela); kuze kube yilapho inqubo yokukopisha iphelile uhlelo lwefayela luvuselelwe ukukhomba idatha entsha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uma kunoma yisiphi isizathu, njengokuhluleka kwamandla, noma uhlobo oluthile lwe-CPU, ukubhalwa akuphelelanga, ifayela lokuqala lihlala liqinile.
- Amafayela amancane - Le ndlela ephumelelayo kakhulu yokwabiwa kwendawo yefayela ivumela isikhala sefayela ukuba sikhule kuphela uma sidinga ngempela. Kwimisistimu yefayela engeyona evulekile, isikhala sefayela kumele sigcinwe kusengaphambili, ngisho nalapho kungekho datha ilungele ukugcinwa.