Ukusiza ngebhayisikili kuyisici sokuphepha esenzelwe ukusiza abashayeli basebenzise inani elifanele lamandla amabhasi abo ngesikhathi sezinkinga zokuphazamiseka. Uma umshayeli ehluleka ukusebenzisa isibalo esiphezulu samandla emgodini wabo ophuthumayo ngenkathi isimo esiphuthumayo, ukusikwa komshini kusiza futhi kusebenza amandla amakhulu. Lokhu kubangela imoto ukuma emkhawulweni omfushane kunokuba ungenayo ngaphandle kokusizwa nge-brake, engakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukushayisana.
Imigomo efana nosizo lwe-brake oluphuthumayo (EBA), "ukusizwa okuphuthumayo" (i-BA), "ukuqhuma okuphuthumayo okuzenzakalelayo" (AEB), kanye "nokuzibophezela ngokuzenzakalela," njenge-Volkswagen's Collision Warning nge-Auto Brake (CWAB), bonke babhekisela ezifanayo i-brake isiza izinhlelo ezenzelwe ukwandisa amandla okukhwabanisa uma kwenzeka umshayeli ehluleka ukufaka ukucindezela okwanele ekugumbeni okuphambene ngesikhathi sokumiswa kwe-panic.
Naphezu kokuhluka kwamagama ahlukene, zonke izinhlelo zokusiza ezithintekayo zisebenza ngaphansi kwemigomo eyisisekelo efanayo futhi zenze amandla engeziwe okuyeka.
Usizo Lwase-Brake lunikeza nini?
Ukusiza ngebhayisikili ubuchwepheshe bokuphepha, ngakho-ke umshayeli akudingeki akhathazeke ngokuwusebenzisa. Lezi zinhlelo zikhahlela ngokuzenzekelayo noma yikuphi amandla okubhamba okungeziwe angadingeka ukuze avimbele ingozi.
Ezinye izimo lapho ukusizwa okusikwa khona kungahle kusebenze kuhlanganisa:
- Ingane noma isilwane kugijima ngokuzumayo emgwaqweni, ukuphoqa ukuma okuphuthumayo.
- Uma ijika emgwaqweni, noma intaba, livimbela umbono womshayeli womgwaqo ozayo, futhi umshayeli uzama ngokuzumayo engozini noma ayeke umgwaqo futhi uphoqeleka ukuba ayeke ngokushesha.
- Enye imoto igxila emgwaqeni womshayeli futhi ihlehlise noma ihambe, iphoqelela ukunciphisa ngokushesha isivinini ukuvimbela ingozi.
- Izinto ezidakayo noma izinto ezinkulu ziwela emotweni ongavikelekile emgwaqeni, ukuphoqelela umshayeli ukuba ayeke noma ahlasele ngendlela engafinyelele kwenye indlela.
Lokhu Kubuchwepheshe Kusebenza Kanjani?
Amasistimu okusiza ngebhayisikili agijima lapho umshayeli esebenzisa amabhuleki akhe ngokuzumayo futhi enamandla amakhulu. Ezinye zalezi zinhlelo ziyakwazi ukufunda nokuvumelanisa nesitayela somshayeli othize, kanti abanye basebenzisa izimbandlela zangaphambi kokusetha ukunquma ukuthi usizo ludingeka nini.
Uma uhlelo lokusiza nge-brake lukuthi isimo se-panic noma isimo sokuphuthumayo siqhubeka, amandla engeziwe angeziwe emandleni umshayeli asebenzile ku-pedal ye-brake.
Umqondo oyinhloko wukuthi uhlelo lokusiza nge-brake lwenza inani eliphakeme lemandla amabhasi angasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ukuze alethe imoto imise kungenani lemali kanye nebanga elihamba.
Njengoba umshayeli ekhishwa ngokuphumelelayo lapho uhlelo lokusiza nge-brake lukhahlela, ubuchwepheshe be-EBA ne- anti-lock (ABS) bukwazi ukusebenza ndawonye ukuyeka imoto, nokuvimbela ukushayisana noma ukunciphisa ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokushayisana kwenzeka.
Esikhathini esinjengalesi, uhlelo lokusiza nge-brake luzoqhubeka nokusebenzisa inani eligcwele le-force yokubhabha elitholakalayo, futhi i- ABS izokhipha ukushayela ama-brakes ukuze ivimbele amasondo angangeni.
Ingabe Ukusiza Nge-Brake Emergency Kunesidingo?
Ngaphandle kokusizwa okuphuthumayo ukushayela, abashayeli abaningi abakwazanga ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuthi impi edingekayo ngesikhathi esimweni sokwesaba, okungabangela izingozi ezigwemekile. Eqinisweni, ucwaningo olulodwa lubonise ukuthi kuphela amaphesenti angu-10 abashayeli abasebenzisa inani elanele lamandla amabhasi abo ngesikhathi sezimiso zokuphazamiseka.
Ukwengeza, abanye abashayeli abaqapheli indlela engcono yokusebenzisa i-ABS.
Ngaphambi kokungeniswa kwe-ABS, abashayeli abaningi bafunda ukuphambanisa amabhasi ngesikhathi sokumisa, okwenza ngcono ukuyeka ibanga kodwa kusiza ukuvimbela amasondo ukuthi angavaleki. Nge-ABS, noma kunjalo, ukuqhuma ama-brake akudingekile.
Uma amandla e-freake egcwele asetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokumiswa kwe-panic, i-pedal izoba buzz noma idlidliza njengoba i-ABS ifaka amabhuleki ngesivinini esingaphansi kwesigqebhezana esingaqhutshwa ngenye indlela. Uma umshayeli engazijwale lo mzwelo, angase aphinde abuyele emuva, okuzoqhubeka nokwandisa ibanga lokuyeka.
Njengoba usizo lokuphuza oluphuthumayo kuthatha ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke lokho, imoto ehlomelelwe lobu buchwepheshe izoqhubeka nokunciphisa ngisho noma umshayeli ehluleka ukuqhubekela phambili.
Uma ujwayele indlela imoto yakho esebenza ngayo ngesikhathi sokumisa okwesaba, ukusizwa okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo akudingekile ngempela.
Ngamanye amaphesenti angu-90 kithi, ukuzama ukuphazamiseka kungasusa isidingo sokuthi uhlelo lokusiza nge-brake oluphuthumayo luyisidingo. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi ukwesaba ukushayela kungabangela ukushayela okuphephile, kubalulekile ukwenza kuphela ukuhamba endaweni lapho kungekho khona izimoto, abahamba ngezinyawo, noma ezinye izinto ongazithola.
Umlando we-Assistant Brake Emergency Assist
Abakwa-Automakers baqhuba njalo izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene ezimotweni zabo ukuze bathole amandla, ubuthakathaka, izici zokuphepha, nezinye izinto. Ngo-1992, uDavid Daimler-Benz wenza ucwaningo olwembule idatha ehlabayo mayelana nokuyeka ukuphazamiseka nokuphazamiseka okwenzekayo. Kulolu cwaningo, amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-90 abashayeli abahluleka ukusebenzisa ukucindezela okwanele kuma-brakes uma bebhekene nezimo ezinjalo.
Ebenesibalo esivela ekuhlolweni kwabo ukushayela kwe-simulator, i-Daimler-Benz ihlangane nenkampani yezingxenye ezilandelayo ze-TRW ukuze idale uhlelo lokuqala lokusiza nge-brake oluphuthumayo. Ubuchwepheshe buqala ukutholakala ngonyaka wonyaka we-1996, kanti abanye abakhiqizi abaningi baye bafaka izinhlelo ezifanayo.
I-TRW, ngemuva kokuthatha uLucasVarity ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, ukuthengwa yiNorthropp Grumman ngo-2002, futhi ukuthengiswa okulandelayo kuqembu lokutshala izimali njengeTr Automotive, liyaqhubeka nokuklama nokukhiqiza izinhlelo zokusiza ezenziwe ngama-freaker ezihlukahlukene.
Ubani ohlinzeka nge-Emergency Assistake Brake?
UDaimler-Benz wethula isimiso sokuqala sokusiza okuphuthumayo ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990, futhi bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe.
I-Volvo, i-BMW, i-Mazda, nezinye izakhi ezihlukahlukene ze-automakers nazo zinikela ngokwabo ngokwenziwa kobuchwepheshe bokusiza.
Amanye alawa buchwepheshe "aqala ukukhokhisa" ama-brakes ukuze amandla okugwedla aphelele asetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokumisa ukukhathazeka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umshayeli ucindezela kangakanani ekugumbeni.
Uma unesithakazelo ekusizeni okuphuthumayo ukusiza, khona-ke ungase ucabange ukucela kumthengisi ozikhethele ukuthi ngabe yiyiphi yamamodeli awo afaka ubuchwepheshe obufanayo.
Yiziphi ezinye zezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezikhona?
Usizo lwe-brake oluphuthumayo luzobuchwepheshe obulula, futhi eziningi ze-automaker zenza kube izinhlelo ezibucayi kakhulu zokuphepha kwezimoto .
Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo obufana ne- braking othomathikhi , osebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zamasenjini ukusebenzisa amabhuleki ngaphambi kwengozi kungenzeka. Lezi zinhlelo zikhahlela kungakhathaliseki ukufakelwa komshayeli, futhi eziningi zazo zenzelwe ukunciphisa ubukhulu bokushayisana lapho umthelela ungenakugwenywa.