Ifayela lokudlulisa ifayela lisebenzisa i-port 20 no-21
I- Transfer Protocol ye-File (FTP) inikeza izindlela zokudlulisa ulwazi ku-intanethi, kufana ne- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) eyenziwa ngesiphequluli sewebhu. Kodwa-ke, i-FTP isebenza emachwebeni amabili ahlukene okuThuthukisa iProtokholi ( TCP ): 20 no-21. Kokubili lezi zichweba kumele zivuleke kwinethiwekhi yezokudluliselwa kwe-FTP ephumelelayo.
Ngemuva kokuthi igama lomsebenzisi le-FTP elungile lifakwe ngesofthiwe yeklayenti ye- FTP , isofthiwe yevava ye- FTP ivula i- port 21, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi umyalo noma i-port control, ngokuzenzakalelayo. Khona-ke, iklayenti yenza olunye uxhumano kwiseva ngaphezu kwe-port 20 ukuze ukudluliselwa kwefayela langempela kungenzeke.
I-port yokuzenzakalelayo yokuthumela imiyalo namafayela ngaphezulu kwe-FTP ingashintshwa, kodwa izinga likhona ngakho izinhlelo zeklayenti / software, ama-routers, kanye nezigubhu zomlilo zingavumelana emachwebeni afanayo ukwenza ukucushwa kube lula kakhulu.
Indlela Yokuxhuma Ngaphezulu kwe-FTP Port 21
Uma i-FTP ingasebenzi, amarekhodi angalungile angeke avulwe kwinethiwekhi. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke kunoma yimuphi ohlangothini lwesiphakeli noma ohlangothini lwekhasimende. Noma yikuphi isofthiwe evimbela amabhulogi kufanele ishintshwe ngesandla ukuze ivule, kufaka phakathi ama-routers kanye nezibhamu.
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ama-routers nama-firewalls angeke avume ukuxhumeka kwi-port 21. Uma i-FTP ingasebenzi, kungcono ukuhlola kuqala ukuthi i-router idlulisela izicelo ezifanele kule port futhi ukuthi i-firewall ayivimbeli port 21.
Ithiphu : Ungasebenzisa i-Port Checker ukuskena inethiwekhi yakho ukuze ubone ukuthi i-router ine-port 21 evulekile. Kukhona nesici esibizwa ngokuthi i- passive mode engasetshenziswa uma kunezinkinga zokufinyelela kwe-port ngemuva kwe-router.
Ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-port 21 ivulekile ezinhlangothini zombili zesiteshi sokuxhumana, i-port 20 kufanele ivunyelwe futhi kwinethiwekhi nakwe-software yeklayenti. Ukunganaki ukuvula izibuko zombili kungavimbela ukudluliselwa emuva nokuphuma ngaphandle kokuba kwenziwe.
Uma ixhunywe kwi-server ye-FTP, isofthiwe yeklayenti ikhuthaza iziqinisekiso zokungena ngemvume - igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi - okudingekayo ukuze ufinyelele kulelo seva ethile.
I-FileZilla ne-WinSCP ngamakhasimende amabili athandwayo e-FTP .