Ping ikheli le-IP ukuthola isimo sewebhusayithi
I-Ping iyisicelo esivamile esitholakala kumakhompyutha amaningi we-laptop nedeskithophu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelayo i-ping nazo zingafakwa kuma-Smartphones nakwamanye amadivayisi eselula. Ukwengeza, amawebhusayithi axhasa izinsizakalo zokuhlolwa kwejubane le-intanethi zivame ukufaka i-ping njengesinye sezici zabo.
Umbuso we-ping uthumela imiyalezo yokuhlola kusuka kumaklayenti wendawo kuya kwelitshe elikude phezu kwenethiwekhi ye- TCP / IP . I-target ingaba isayithi, ikhompyutha, noma iyiphi enye idivayisi enekheli le-IP . Ngaphandle kokunquma ukuthi ikhompyutha eyikude manje ikhona ku-intanethi, i-ping nayo inikeza izinkomba zejubane elijwayelekile noma ukuthembeka kokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi.
Ping ikheli le-IP eliphendulayo
Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-ping ku-Microsoft Windows; izinyathelo ezifanayo zingasetshenziswa uma usebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-ping.
I-Running Ping
I-Microsoft Windows, i-Mac OS X ne-Linux inikezela izinhlelo ze-ping yomyalo we-command ongasebenza kusukela kugobolondo lokusebenza. Amakhompiyutha angabhekwa ngekheli le-IP noma ngamagama.
Ukufaka ikhompyutha ngekheli le-IP:
- Vula i-shell prompt (ku-Microsoft Windows, i- Command Prompt noma i- MS-DOS Prompt ku- Qala Imenyu).
- Thayipha i- ping ilandelwe isikhala bese ikheli le-IP.
- Cindezela ukhiye we- Enter (noma we- Return ).
Ukuhumusha imiphumela yePing
Umdwebo ongenhla ubonisa iseshini ejwayelekile ye-ping lapho idivayisi ekhoneni ikheli le-IP liphendula ngamaphutha enethiwekhi:
- Phendula kusuka: Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-Microsoft Windows ping ithumela uchungechunge lwemiyalezo emine ekhelini. Lolu hlelo luveza umugqa wokuqinisekisa womlayezo ngamunye wokuphendula owuthola kukhompyutha eqondisiwe.
- Ama-bytes: Isicelo ngasinye se-ping singama- bytes angu- 32 ngesayizi ngokuzenzakalelayo.
- Isikhathi: I- Ping ibika isikhathi sesikhathi (ema-millisecond) phakathi kokuthumela kwezicelo nokuthola izimpendulo.
- I-TTL (Isikhathi-kuya-Live): Inani eliphakathi kuka-1 no-128, i-TTL ingasetshenziswa ukubala ukuthi kunamanethiwekhi amanengi imilayezo ye-ping idlulile ngaphambi kokufinyelela ikhompyutha ehlosiwe. Inani le-128 libonisa ukuthi idivayisi inethiwekhi yendawo, ngezinye izinethiwekhi ezingu-0 phakathi.
Ukuqalisa i-Ping ngokuqhubekayo
Kwamanye amakhompyutha (ikakhulukazi lawo asebenzisa i-Linux), uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-ping aluyeki ukusebenza emva kwemizamo emine yokucela kodwa kunalokho lugijima kuze kube yilapho umsebenzisi eqeda. Lokhu kuyasiza kulabo abafuna ukuqapha isimo soxhumo lwenethiwekhi ngaphezu kwesikhathi eside.
Ku-Microsoft Windows, thayipha i- ping -t esikhundleni se- ping emgqeni wokulayela ukuze uqalise uhlelo kule mode eqhubekayo yokusebenza (futhi sebenzisa ukulandelana kokhiye we-Control-C ukumisa).
Ping ikheli le-IP elingaphenduli
Kwezinye izimo, izicelo ze-ping zihluleka. Lokhu kwenzeka kunoma yiziphi izizathu eziningana:
- Ikheli le-IP elichazwe uhlelo lwe-ping alivumelekile.
- Uhlelo lwesistimu (idivayisi esetshenziselwa ukuthumela ama-pings) ayixhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi ye-IP (okungukuthi, ayinayo ikheli le-IP elisebenzayo).
- Ayikho idivayisi yenethiwekhi exhunywe ekhelini le-IP elibhekiswe kulo.
- Ukungqubuzana kwenethiwekhi noma amaphutha phakathi kwe-host and target akuvimbela imilayezo ekudlulayo (kokukodwa noma kokubili izinkomba).
Umfanekiso ophezulu ngenhla ubonisa iseshini ejwayelekile ye-ping lapho uhlelo lungatholi izimpendulo kusuka ekhelini le-IP elibhekiswe kulo. Impendulo ngayinye emgqeni ithatha imizuzwana eminingana ukuze ivele esikrinini njengoba uhlelo ludinga futhi ekugcineni zikhathi. Ikheli le-IP elibhekiswe emgqeni ngamunye wokuphendula we-output yikheli lekhompyutha ye-pinging (host).
Izimpendulo zePing ezingapheli
Nakuba kungavamile, kungenzeka ukuthi i-ping ibike isilinganiso sempendulo ngaphandle kwe-0% (ukungaphenduli ngokugcwele) noma i-100% (ngokuphendula ngokugcwele). Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma uhlelo lokubheja luvala (njengalokhu kuboniswe isibonelo) noma ukuqala:
C: \> i-ping bwmitche-home1 I-Pinging home-home1 [192.168.0.8] nge-data bytes 32: Phendula kusuka ku-192.168.0.8: bytes = 32 isikhathi =I-Ping iwebhusayithi ethize noma ikhompyutha ngegama
Izinhlelo ze-Ping zivumela ukucacisa igama lekhompyutha esikhundleni sekheli le-IP. Ngokuvamile abasebenzisi bakhetha ukuphenya ngamagama ngenkathi behlose isayithi.
Ukubheka isayithi lewebhu eliphendulayo
Lesi sithombe esivela ngenhla sibonisa imiphumela yokubheka iWebhu ye-Google (www.google.com) kusuka ku-prompt command ye-Windows. I-Ping ibika ikheli le-IP kwelitshe kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula ema-millisecond. Qaphela ukuthi amawebhusayithi amakhulu afana ne-Google asebenzisa amakhompyutha amaningi e-Web server emhlabeni jikelele. Amakheli amaningi e-IP ahlukene (wonke asebenzayo) angabukwa emuva uma ephonsa lawa mawebhusayithi.
Ukubheka isayithi lewebhu elingaphenduli
Amawebhusayithi amaningi (kufaka phakathi) avimba izicelo ze-ping njengendlela yokuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Umphumela wokubheka lezi mawebhusayithi uhluka kodwa ngokuvamile, uhlanganisa umlayezo wephutha ongenakwenzeka ongenakwenzeka futhi awukho ulwazi oluwusizo. Amakheli e-IP abikwa yizingoma ezivimba i-ping zivame ukuba zama-server we- DNS hhayi amawebhusayithi ngokwawo.
C: \> ping www. I-Pinging www.about.akadns.net [208.185.127.40] enezinombolo ezingu-32 zedatha: Phendula kusuka ku-74.201.95.50: Inetha elingenakufinyeleleka. Isicelo siphelelwe yisikhathi. Isicelo siphelelwe yisikhathi. Isicelo siphelelwe yisikhathi. Izibalo ze-Ping ze-208.185.127.40: AmaPhakethe: Okuthunyelwe = 4, Okutholiwe = 1, Okulahlekile = 3 (ukulahleka kwe-75%),