Izinhlelo Okufanele Ube Nayo Ukuvimbela I-PC Yakho Kusuka Ekuhlukunyezweni
Noma yiluphi uhlelo lwekhompiyutha oluzofinyelela i-intanethi noma amanye amakhompyutha enethiwekhi, isofthiwe yokuphepha kufanele ibe nento. Izinhlelo ezintsha zeBrand ezifakwa kwinethiwekhi ngaphambi kokuba noma iyiphi isofthiwe yokuphepha efakwe ingahlehliswa ngendaba emaminithi. Kungenxa yengozi ukuthi isofthiwe yokuphepha iyisici esibalulekile se-software ukuthi wonke amakhompyutha amasha kufanele abe nawo. Iningi lezinhlelo zokusebenza zinezici ezithile ezakhelwe manje kepha ngokuvamile udinga okungaphezulu. Izinkampani eziningi nazo zikhiqiza ama-suites e-software athambekele ekuhlanganiseni izici eziningi ezilwa nezinsongo ezivame kakhulu. Ngakho yiziphi ezinye izinsongo?
Ama-virus
Izinhlelo zokulwa ne-virus zihlanganisa izinto eziningi ezisongelwa ukuthi ikhompyutha ingahlaselwa nayo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Virus zingaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, zenzelwe izinhloso ezinonya. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zidluliselwa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-imeyili noma ezilandwe amafayili anegciwane. Izinhlelo ezivame kakhulu zokuhlasela amagciwane ezivele zibuke amakhasi wewebhu ngamakhodi afakiwe.
Amakhompiyutha amaningi amakhompiyutha amakhulu ajwayele ukuza nesofthiwe yokuphepha efaka isofthiwe yokulwa negciwane efakwe kubo. Kungenzeka kusuka kubadayisi abahlukahlukene abahlanganisa iSyantec (Norton), McAfee noma iKaspersky. Eziningi zalezi zimo, isofthiwe yesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezinsuku ezingu-30 kuya kwezingu-90. Ngemuva kwalokho, isofthiwe ngeke ithole noma yikuphi ukubuyekezwa ngaphandle kokuthi umthengi athenge ilayisense yokubhalisa.
Uma ukuthengwa kwekhompiyutha yakho entsha kungafiki nesofthiwe ye-anti-virus, kubalulekile ukuthenga umkhiqizo wokuthengisa futhi uyifake ifakwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uphinde uMcAfee noSyantec bangabadlali ababili abakhulu, kodwa izinkampani eziningana nazo zinikela ngemikhiqizo futhi kunezinye izinketho zamahhala.
Izikhukhula
Iminyango eminingi manje ifaka uhlobo oluthile lwe-inthanethi uxhumano olufana nekhebula noma i-DSL. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma nje i-computer ne-routers ivuliwe, ikhompyutha ixhunyiwe futhi ingafinyelelwa kwezinye izinhlelo kwi-intanethi. I-firewall iyisicelo (noma idivaysi) engakwazi ukukhipha noma iyiphi i-traffic engavunyelwe ngokuqondile ngumsebenzisi noma isabela emotweni eyenziwa umsebenzisi. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela ikhompyutha ukuthi ingatholakali ngamakhompyutha akude futhi ingaba nezinhlelo ezingafuneki ezifakiwe noma idatha efundwa kusukela ohlelweni.
Iminyango eminingi ivikelwe yi-routers yabo esetshenziselwa insizakalo yabo ye-intanethi kodwa amasofthiwe e-firewalls asebaluleke kakhulu. Isibonelo, ikhompyutha yekhompyutha ephathekayo ingasuswa kwinethiwekhi yasemakhaya futhi ifakwe kwinethiwekhi yomphakathi engenazintambo. Lokhu kungaba yingozi kakhulu ekutheleleni isistimu kanye ne-firewall yesofthiwe kubalulekile kukhompyutha. Manje kokubili iWindows ne- Mac OS X ifaka izibhamu zomlilo ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokusebenza engabavikela.
Kunemikhiqizo eyengeziwe yokuthengisa yomlilo etholakalayo kumakhompyutha kanye nokuthi ingafaka izici ezengeziwe zezinhlelo. Izici ezinjalo zivame ukufakwa ezinkampanini eziningi zokuphepha ezingahle zihambisane nezibhamu ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
I-Spyware, i-Adware, ne-Malware
I-Spyware, i-adware, ne-malware yiwona wonke amagama wefomu lesofthiwe yakamuva yokwesongela ikhompyutha yomsebenzisi. Lezi zicelo zenzelwe ukuthi zifakwe kuma-computer futhi zixhase uhlelo ngenhloso yokuthola idatha noma ukuxosha idatha kwikhompyutha ngaphandle kolwazi lomsebenzisi. Lezi zinhlelo zibuye zenze ukuthi amakhompiyutha anciphise noma enze ngendlela ehlukile kunabasebenzisi abayilindele.
Eziningi zezinkampani ezinkulu zokulwa negciwane zihlanganisa lolu hlobo lokuthola nokususwa emikhiqizweni yabo. Benza umsebenzi omuhle wokuthola nokususa lezi zinhlelo kusuka ohlelweni kodwa ochwepheshe abaningi bezokuphepha batusa ukuthi basebenzise izinhlelo eziningi ukuqinisekisa izinga lokuthola nokususwa okukhulu.
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu mayelana nale makethe yukuthi abanye abadlali abakhulu nabo bayisofthiwe yamahhala. Amagama amabili amakhulu yi-AdAware ne-SpyBot. I-Windows manje ifaka amanye amathuluzi wokuthola amakhodi nokukhishwa kwe-malware esezingeni elijwayelekile le-Windows Update.
I-Ransomware
Iklasi elisha lokusongela liye lavela eminyakeni embalwa edlule. I-Ransomware , empeleni, uhlelo olufakwe kukhompuyutha efaka idatha kuyo ukuze ingatholakali ngaphandle kokuba kutholakale ukhiye wokuvula. Ngokuvamile isofthiwe izohlala ihlale ikhompuyutha isikhathi esithile kuze kusebenze. Uma isebenze, umsebenzisi utshelwa ukuba abuyele kusayithi futhi akhokhe ukuze idatha ivuliwe. Ngokuyinhloko uhlobo lokuphanga kwedijithali. Ukwehluleka ukukhokha kungasho ukuthi idatha ilahlekile kuze kube phakade.
Akuzona zonke izinhlelo ezihlaselwa yi-ransomware. Ngezinye izikhathi abathengi bangase bavakashele i-website ethi uhlelo lusethelelekile futhi licela imali "ukuyihlanza". Abathengi ngokuvamile abanendlela elula yokuhlukanisa ukuthi ngabe bayagula noma cha. Ngokujabulisayo izinhlelo eziningi zokulwa negciwane zivame ukuvimbela nezinhlelo eziningi ze-ransomware.