I- router yenethiwekhi ibe yindawo emakhaya amaningi emhlabeni jikelele iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu. Izici ze-router zasekhaya ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziye zaqala kancane kancane futhi zanda ekusebenzeni nakuba amandla azo ayisisekelo - uxhumano lwenethiwekhi yendawo kanye nokwabelana kokufinyeleleka kwe-intanethi - kuhlala okufanayo. I-routers nayo yenza imisebenzi ebalulekile ngaphandle kwekhaya. I-intanethi incike ezinkulungwaneni zezinqola eziphambili zokusingatha ukuhamba kwezimoto ukuya nakuvela kumhlinzeki wakho wesevisi nakuwo wonke umhlaba jikelele . Ama-routers aphezulu aqhubeka nokuthunyelwa kumanethiwekhi ezinkampani.
Zonke izimpawu zibonisa ukuthi abahamba phambili bazoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile emakhaya, emabhizinisini nasekuxhumaneni kwenethiwekhi iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Noma ubani one-router noma oya ku-intanethi ngokuvamile kufanele ahlale enolwazi futhi ahlale eqaphela ukuthuthukiswa okusha.
Ukuthembeka Kuvame Ukubaluleke Kakhulu Kunokuvinjelwa
Abakhiqizi be-Router nabathengisi konke ukulinganisa kwejubane kwemikhiqizo yabo. Ama-router okungaxhunyiwe engenantambo, ikakhulukazi, asetshenziselwe ukwanda kwe-Wi-Fi ngesizukulwane ngasinye. Ngesikhathi ama-54 Mbps bese kuthi kamuva ama-300 Mbps abe yizindinganiso ezifanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa, ama-routers asekhaya anikezela ngaphezu kwe-1 Gbps futhi aqhubeke nokwandisa izilinganiso zabo. Ekugcineni, lokhu kukhuphuka kufinyelela endaweni lapho bengasabeli khona inani kumsebenzisi (noma libiza kakhulu); into efanayo ekhona kumadeskithophu nasekhompyutheni yamakhompyutha iminyaka eminingi edlule lapho ama-CPU frequencies enyukela ngokushesha.
Ama-router amakhulu akha i- backbone ye- intanethi ngokwemvelo kudingeka ayenze ngesivinini esiphezulu esingaba khona. Ukuthembeka nakho kubalulekile, noma kunjalo. I-router eyenza ngesivinini sezinga lomhlaba kodwa ishayela njalo ihora ayikwazi ukufakwa emhlane noma kunoma iyiphi enye imvelo. Amanethiwekhi asekhaya azuza ngokuthembeka komgwaqo ophezulu kunokuba kusetshenziswe ezimweni eziningi: Izindlu azivami ukusebenzisa wonke umthamo wokuxhumana wenethiwekhi ohlinzekwa ngumzila ovulekile kodwa uvame ukuthinteka kakhulu ngisho nokushiwo okuncane emisebenzini yabo ye-intanethi.
Ngezansi: Amanethiwekhi asekhaya nasebhizinisi bobabili badinga inhlanganisela kokubili isivinini nokuthembeka, futhi ukwethembeka akuwutholi ukunakwa.
Ama-routers nama-Modem enza izinto ezihlukile
Nakuba abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi i-router yiziphi izixhumanisi kwi-intanethi, amanethiwekhi asekhaya axhomeke kudivayisi ehlukile ebizwa ngokuthi i- modem ukuze empeleni ixhumeke. Ukuhlukana phakathi kwalaba ababili kubonakala sengathi amanye amadivaysi amathengi afaka kokubili i-router kanye ne-modem ibe yunithi eyodwa ebizwa ngokuthi isango lokuhlala .
Bheka futhi: Ama- Routers ahambisana nama-Modem ku-Wireless ne-Computer Networking .
Ama-routers angadla okungaphezulu noma okuncane ngenxa yezizathu eziningi
Ukuqhathaniswa kwamanani okuthengwa kwama-routers kudinga ukubekezela nokunakwa imininingwane. I-Router A ingadla kabili njengoRuper B, kodwa ukungafani phakathi kwabo kungase kubaluleke kakhulu kwabanye abantu futhi kungabonakali kwabanye.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko ezithatha intengo yokuthengisa yomzila womthengi webhubhu kubasebenzisi:
- Isizukulwane se-Wi-Fi: ama-router angu-802.11ac athwala i-premium yezindleko ngaphezu kohlobo lwezinhlobo ezingu-802.11n zokuqala
- Isilinganiso sokusheshisa: Ama-routers angabamba amazinga aphezulu wedatha aletha amanani aphakeme ngaphezulu kwezithutha ezinamakhasi aphansi, zonke ezinye izinto zilingana. I-router engu-600 Mbps ene- 802.11n , isibonelo, izoba nentengo enkulu yokuthengisa kunamodeli afanayo alungiselelwe ama-300 Mbps 802.11n.
- Umklamo wezimboni: Ama-routers asekhaya ajwayele ukuveza imidwebo ecacile, ebhokisini, njengamanye ama-antenna apheka phezulu noma ohlangothini. Abadayisi baye baqala kancane kancane ukwethula ubujamo obuhlukene, izingqimba ezizungezile, nokuhlukahluka kwemidwebo nempahla emzamweni wokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo yabo futhi bathole intengo ephakeme.
- Igama lomkhiqizo: Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukene zokuhamba komthengi ezikhona. Amagama omdaka awaziwa kangcono ngezinye izikhathi angathwala ithegi ephakeme esekelwe kumthengisi idumela.
- Ukuncishiswa kwentengo yesikhashana: Njengamanye ama-electronics amaningi abathengi, abathengisi ngezinye izikhathi banciphisa amanani ama-routers abo. Ukuthenga i-router ngesikhathi sokuthengiswa okukhulu kungaba nokugcina imali eyindleko.
Abathengi bezinkampani bakhokhela okunye okunye okubalulekile kunomnikazi wempahla:
- Inani elikhulu lamachwebeni e- Ethernet kuma-routers wired
- Izici zokuphatha okufana nokusekela okuphambili kwezokuphathwa kwe-traffic ( QoS ) nokusekelwa kokusebenza kwenethiwekhi
- Ukuqinisekiswa okungeziwe, ukubethela kanye nezinye izilawuli zokuphepha
Umhlinzeki wakho we-Intanethi Ungase Afune Ukuthengisa Noma Ukuqasha Wena Router (neModem)
Ukuthenga imishini yenethiwekhi kwenza abanye abantu bazizwe bengakhululekile. Ukucindezelwa okuvela kubantu abathengisa ezitolo ezitolo futhi ukwesaba ukwenza isinqumo esingalungile kungenye yezizathu ezenza abanye bakhethe ukuthola umzila wabo ngokusebenzisa umhlinzeki we-inthanethi. Ukwengeza, labo abahlala endaweni yokuhlala yesikhashana ngezinye izikhathi abadingi i-router yabo isikhathi eside futhi bakhetha ukuboleka noma ukuqashisa komunye umuntu.
Abahlinzeki abaningi abakhulu banikeza amakhasimende abo ithuba lokuthenga i-router evela kubo ngokuqondile noma ukunikeza i-router njengengxenye yokubhalisa (imali eyengeziwe). Abahlinzeki kufanele bakhethe ama-routers abancomayo ngokusekelwe ezinkambisweni ezithile ezifana nokuthembeka nokuhambisana namadivayisi athengwa ngabathengi. Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthi umhlinzeki anganikeza umkhiqizo nje ngoba kungenye yezinto abazitholayo ngezindleko eziphansi futhi bamane befuna izinzuzo. Buka lokhu futhi ucwaninge ngokucophelela amamodeli abanikezayo.
Nakuba umndeni ungakhetha noma iyiphi i-broadband router abafisa inethiwekhi yabo yasekhaya, amanye amanethiwekhi omhlinzeki adinga izinhlobo ezithile zamamodemu wokubambisana okumele asetshenziswe ngenkonzo yabo. Abahlinzeki baphatha lokhu ngokunikeza amakhasimende abo
- i-modem unit (kungaba mahhala, ukubhalisa okuqashiwe noma ukuthenga), noma
- indawo yokuhlala yesango efaka phakathi kokubili i-router ne-modem, noma
- imininingwane yezinhlobo zamamodemu amakhasimende abo kulindeleke ukuthi azinikeze wona ngokwawo (njengamamodemu we- DOCSIS wekhebula le-intanethi ).
Ama-Routers angenantambo asekela uxhumano olunamathele, kunjalo
Amanye ama-routers wenethiwekhi asekela kuphela ukuxhumana okuhlangene kwe- Ethernet . Ama-router asekhaya asekela i-Wi-Fi futhi ngokuvamile ayaziwa kabanzi ngokuthi "ama-routers angenantambo," kodwa wonke ama-routers asekhaya afaka ukusekelwa kwe-Switch Ethernet ehlanganisiwe (noma yikuphi okuphakathi kwamadivaysi angu-1 no-5 asebenzayo) njengesici esimisiwe.
Bheka futhi: Amanethiwekhi aphethwe yiWired vs. Wireless Home
Ungase Udinge Ngaphezu Kwenye I-Router Ekhaya
Lapho amakhasimende ane-PC ezimbalwa kuphela nephrinta enethiwekhi, umsebenzi we-router wawunzima kakhulu. Imindeni eminingi enezintambo zasemakhaya nanamuhla isebenzisa i-router eyodwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kunezimo ezimbalwa lapho ufaka i-router ekhaya yesibili kuyasiza noma kuyadingeka:
- Amafoni angase athwale kuwo wonke amagumbi asekhaya futhi angene esikhaleni nasemasangweni. Ukulahlekelwa ukuxhumeka kwe-Wi-Fi ekhaya kudla kuhlelo lomnyango weselula lwedluli ngokungadingekile. Okubi nakakhulu, uma idivayisi yeselula ixhunyiwe ku-Wi-Fi ekugcineni kwebanga layo eliphumelelayo, ukusebenza okuphuthumayo kakhulu kanye nomphumela wokuhluleka kokuxhumeka kwe-Inthanethi ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Amakhaya angakhetha ukwengeza ukubhalisa okwesibili kwe-inthanethi, kungaba ngebhizinisi lasekhaya, noma ukufaka ukuxhumana okuyisisekelo.
- Esikhundleni sokulahla i-router elidala ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kumodeli omusha, ukugcina kokubili kokusebenza ndawonye kungasiza ukusabalalisa ukulayisha kwenethiwekhi ezungeze indlu futhi unikeze uhlelo lokulondoloza uma kwenzeka omunye noma omunye ephuka.
Imboni yezobuchwepheshe ibheka ikusasa lapho ikhaya ngalinye liqukethe izinto eziningana ezixhunyiwe nezigajethi ngaphakathi, konke okuvela emaqeleni okukhanya kuya kumathelevishini namathoyizi. Kuze kube yilapho i-Wi-Fi iyinhlangano yokuxhumana engenazintambo kuzo zonke lezi gear, izimfuno zamar routers ekhaya eziqhubekayo zizoqhubeka zikhula. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-Wi-Fi noma inhlanganisela ethile ye-tech engenantambo, abanye bacabanga ukuthi i-routers inesikhathi esizayo njengesizinda sokuqala sekhaya elihlakaniphile.
Bheka futhi: Isingeniso seKhaya elixhunyiwe
I-Aftermarket Updates Ingakwazi Ukwandisa Ukuphila Kwe-Router
Abanikazi bezindlu bavame ukufaka i-router yabo endaweni engaphandle kwendawo futhi bangacabangi kakhulu ngokulondoloza. Ngenkathi izimboni zangaphakathi zangaphakathi zabasebenzisi bomthengi - iprosesa, imemori namaphakheji angokomzimba okuxhuma - awaziboleki ekuguqulweni, ezinye izingxenye eziningana zenzelwe ukuthuthukiswa:
- i-router firmware - abathengisi ngezinye izikhathi bakhipha izinguqulo ezintsha zama-firmware amamojula womkhiqizo wabo we-router. Amakhasimende angalanda lawa mafayili akhethekile kwiWebhsayithi yomthengisi futhi afake kuwo router yawo ukuze athole izilungiso ze-bug, izithuthukisi zokusebenza, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izici ezintsha (njengezinketho ezengeziwe zokuphepha)
- ama-antenna angaphandle - ama-antenna esitokisini kuma-router we-Wi-Fi ngezinye izikhathi izindleko eziphansi, izinketho eziphansi zokusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okutholakala kubantu abathintekayo. Akuwona wonke ama-router angenantambo anezintambo ezithathelwanayo, kodwa kulabo abakwenzayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-antenna e-Wi-Fi kumzila wokubambisana okubanzi kungasiza kakhulu ekukhuliseni ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi yendawo nokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka.
Ama-router aphezulu ekusetshenziselwa amabhizinisi nabahlinzeki be-Inthanethi ngezinye izikhathi bahlanganisa nezinye izinyunyana ezingaguquguqukayo ezinkampanini (FRUs) kumiklamo yabo njengezibonelelo zamandla.