Lo mhlahlandlela uzokufundisa konke okudingayo ukwazi ngomyalo "wokuningi" ku-Linux. Kukhona umyalo ofanayo obizwa ngokuthi umyalo "ophansi" owenza ukusebenza okufanayo kumyalo "wokuningi" ovame ukubhekwa njengelusizo kakhulu
Ngaphakathi kwalesi siqondiso, uzothola ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile komyalo "owengeziwe". Uzoboniswa zonke izinguquko ezitholakalayo kanye nezincazelo zawo.
Yini I-Linux More Eyala Yenza
Umyalo owengeziwe ukuvumela ukuthi ubonise okukhiphayo ekhasini elilodwa lokugcina ngesikhathi. Lokhu kuwusizo ngokukhethekile uma uqhuba umyalo obangela ukupheqa okuningi njengomyalo we-ls noma we-command .
Isibonelo Sokusetshenziswa Komyalo Ongeziwe
Qalisa umyalo olandelayo efasiteleni lokugcina:
ps -ef
Lokhu kubuyisa uhlu lwazo zonke izinqubo ezisebenza ohlelweni lwakho.
Imiphumela kufanele iphephe ngaphesheya kokuphela kweskrini.
Manje sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
ps -ef | Okuningi
Isikrini sizogcwalisa uhlu lwemininingwane kodwa sizoyeka ekupheleni kwekhasi ngomyalezo olandelayo:
-- Okuningi --
Ukuze uqhubekele ekhasini elilandelayo cindezela ibha yesikhala kukhibhodi.
Ungaqhubeka ucindezela isikhala uze ufinyelele ekupheleni komkhiqizo noma ungacindezela ukhiye "q" ukuze uphume.
Umyalo osebenzayo usebenza nanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza oluphumela esikrinini.
Akudingeki ukuthi uphawule okukhiphayo kumyalo owengeziwe.
Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukufunda ifayela lombhalo ikhasi ngesikhathi esisodwa sebenzisa umyalo owodwa ngokwendlela elandelayo:
ngaphezulu
Indlela enhle yokuhlola lokhu ukuthayipha okulandelayo efasiteleni lokugcina:
ngaphezulu / njll / passwd
Shintsha Umlayezo
Ungashintsha umlayezo womyalo owengeziwe ukuze ubonise okulandelayo:
cindezela isikhala ukuqhubeka, q ukuyeka
Ukuthola umlayezo ongenhla uboniswe sebenzisa okuningi ngendlela elandelayo.
ps -ef | okuningi -d
Lokhu kushintsha nokuziphatha komyalo owengeziwe lapho ucindezela ukhiye olungalungile.
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuyoba ne-beep kodwa ngokusebenzisa i -_shintsha uzobona umlayezo olandelayo kunalokho.
Cindezela h for imiyalelo
Indlela Yokuyeka Umbhalo Kusuka Ekuphepheni
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, imigqa yombhalo uphenya phezulu kwekhasi kuze kube yilapho isikrini sigcwele umbhalo omusha. Uma ufuna isihenqo sikhiphe futhi ikhasi elilandelayo lizoboniswa ngaphandle kokupheqa sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
ngaphezulu -p
Ungasebenzisa futhi umyalo olandelayo ozopenda isikrini ngasinye kusuka phezulu, ukususa okusele komugqa ngamunye njengoba kuboniswa.
ngaphezulu -c
Cindezela I-Lines Eningi Ku-One Line
Uma unayo ifayela enezinkinobho eziningi kuwo, ungathola okuningi ukucindezela ibhlogo ngalinye lemigqa engenalutho ibe munye owodwa.
Isibonelo bheka umbhalo olandelayo:
Lona ngumugqa wombhalo
lo mgwaqo unemigqa engu-2 engavaliwe ngaphambi kwayo
lo mgwaqo unemigqa engu-4 engacacile ngaphambi kwayo
Ungathola umyalo owengeziwe ukubonisa imigqa kanje:
Lona ngumugqa wombhalo
lo mgwaqo unemigqa engu-2 engavaliwe ngaphambi kwayo
le line inezinhlangothi ezine ezilinganayo ngaphambi kwayo
Ukuze uthole lo msebenzi kusebenze umyalo olandelayo:
ngaphezulu -s
Cacisa Ubukhulu Besikrini
Ungacacisa inombolo yemigqa oyisebenzisayo ngaphambi kokuba umyalo owengeziwe uyeke ukubonisa umbhalo.
Ngokwesibonelo:
ngaphezulu -u5
Umyalo ongenhla uzobonisa ifayela le-5 ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Qala okuningi kusuka kunombolo ethile
Ungathola okuningi ukuqala ukusebenza kusuka kwinombolo ethile yomugqa:
Isibonelo, cabanga ukuthi ube nefayela elilandelayo:
lo mkhakha 1
lokhu kungu-line 2
lokhu kungu-line 3
lokhu kungu-line 4
lo mkhakha 5
lokhu kungu-line 6
lokhu kungu-line 7
lokhu kungu-line 8
Manje buka lo myalo:
ngaphezulu + u6
Okukhiphayo kuzoba kanje
lokhu kungu-line 6
lokhu kungu-line 7
lokhu kungu-line 8
Isici sokupheqa sizohlala.
ngaphezulu + u3 -u2
Umyalo ongenhla uzobonisa lokhu okulandelayo:
lokhu kungu-line 3
lokhu kungu-line 4
-- Okuningi --
Qala Kusuka Eminye Yombhalo
Uma ufuna ukweqa iningi lefayela uze ufinyelele kumugqa othize wombhalo sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
ngaphezulu + / "umbhalo wokufuna"
Lokhu kuzobonisa igama elithi "ukweqa" uze ufike emgqeni wombhalo.
Pheqa A Inombolo Eminye Yezimpawu Ngesikhathi Esisebenzisa Okuningi
Ngokuzenzakalelayo uma ucindezela ibha yesikhala umyalo owengeziwe uzopheqa ubude bekhasi okungaba ubukhulu beskrini noma ukulungiselelwa okuchazwe yi-ukushintsha.
Uma ufuna ukupheqa imigqa emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa cindezela inombolo 2 ngaphambi kokucindezela ibha yesikhala. Ngemigqa emihlanu cindezela u-5 ngaphambi kwebha yesikhala.
Isimo esingenhla siphelela kuphela kulowo mshini wokukhiye owodwa, noma kunjalo.
Ungasetha isichazamazwi esisha esenza kuqala kuneyaphambilini. Ukwenza lokhu cindezela inombolo yemigqa ufisa ukupheqa ngokulandelwa yikhi "z".
Isibonelo "i-9z" kuzokwenza ukuthi isikrini sivule imigqa engu-9. Manje uma ucindezela isikhala umqulu uzohlale ube nemigqa engu-9.
Imiqulu esemqoka yokubuya eyodwa umugqa ngesikhathi. Uma ufuna lokhu kube imigqa emihlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa cindezela inombolo 5 elandelwa ukhiye wokubuya. Lokhu kuba okuzenzakalelayo okusha ngakho ukhiye wokubuyela uzohlale upheqa ngemigqa emihlanu. Yebo, ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi inombolo oyikhethayo, 5 kuphela isibonelo.
Kukhona ukhiye wesine ongayisebenzisa ukupheqa. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, uma ucindezela ukhiye "d" isikrini sizokhipha imigqa engu-11 ngesikhathi. Futhi ungacindezela noma iyiphi inombolo ngaphambi kokucindezela ukhiye we- "d" ukuyibeka ekuzenzakaleleni okusha.
Isibonelo "i-4d" kuzokwenza ngaphezulu ukupheqa imigqa engu-4 ngesikhathi "d" icindezelwa.
Indlela Yokudlula Imigqa Nemibhalo Yombhalo
Uma usebenzisa umyalo owengeziwe ungase futhi weqe imigqa yombhalo.
Isibonelo, ukucindezela ukhiye we "s" weqa umugqa o-1 wombhalo. Ungashintsha okuzenzakalelayo ngokufaka inombolo ngaphambi kwekhi "s". Isibonelo "ama-20s" ashintsha ukuziphatha ukuze ukweqa manje imigqa engu-20 yombhalo.
Ungase futhi weqa amakhasi wonke wombhalo. Ukwenza lokhu cindezela ikhi "f". Ukufaka futhi inombolo yokuqala kuqala kuzokwenza umyalo owedlula ukweqa inombolo ecacisiwe yamakhasi wombhalo.
Uma uye phambili kakhulu ungasebenzisa ukhiye we- "b" ukweqa isipele kombhalo. Futhi ungasebenzisa inombolo ngaphambi kokuthi "b" ukweqa inombolo ecacisiwe yemigqa emuva. Lokhu kungasebenza kuphela uma usebenzisa umyalo owengeziwe ngokumelene nefayela.
Bonisa Inombolo Yamanje Yamanje
Ungabonisa inombolo yamanje yamanje ngokucindezela ukhiye wokulingana (=).
Indlela Yokusesha Umbhalo Osebenzisa Okuningi
Ukucinga iphethini yombhalo usebenzisa umyalo owengeziwe cindezela ukukhwabanisa phambili bese ufaka inkulumo oyifunayo.
Isibonelo "/ i-hello world"
Lokhu kuzothola ukuthi kwenzeke okokuqala kombhalo othi "world hello".
Uma ufuna ukuthola indawo yesi-5 ye-"hello world" isebenzisa "5 /" umhlaba wamukelekile ""
Ukucindezela inkinobho ye- 'n' kuzothola ukulandela okulandelayo kwegama lokusesha langaphambilini. Uma usebenzisa inombolo ngaphambi kwegama lokusesha elizoqala kuqala. Ngakho-ke uma usesha isenzakalo sesihlanu se "world hello" bese ucindezela "n" sizobuka okulandelayo okwenzeka ku-5 we "hello world".
Ukucindezela inkinobho ye-apostrophe (') kuzoya endaweni lapho ukusesha kuqale khona.
Ungasebenzisa noma yiliphi inkulumo ejwayelekile evamile njengengxenye yesikhathi sokusesha.
Isifingqo
Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nomyalo owengeziwe funda ikhasi lomuntu we-Linux.