Isimiso esibalulekile se-Web Standards movement enesibopho sembonini esinayo namuhla umqondo wokusebenzisa izakhi ze-HTML ngalokho azikho kunokuthi zingabonakala kanjani kusiphequluli ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi usebenzisa i-HTML ye-Semantic.
Iyini HTML ye-Semantic
I-HTML ye-Semantic noma imakethe ye-semantic i-HTML engenisa incazelo kwekhasi lewebhu kunokuba nje isethulo. Isibonelo, ithegi ye-
ibonisa ukuthi umbhalo ohlanganisiwe yisigaba.
Lokhu kokubili kwe-semantic nokwethula, ngoba abantu bayazi ukuthi iziphi izigaba futhi iziphequluli zikwazi ukuzibonisa.
Ehlangothini le-flip yalesi silinganiso, amathegi afana ne ayengabi semantic, ngoba achaza kuphela ukuthi umbhalo kufanele ubheke kanjani (ngesibindi noma italiki) futhi unganikeli noma iyiphi incazelo eyengeziwe kumaraki.
Izibonelo zamathegi we-semantic HTML zifaka amathegi ekhanda
ngokusebenzisa , , ne . Kunamathegi amaningi we-HTML e-semantic angasetshenziswa njengoba wenza iwebhusayithi ehambisana namazinga.
Kungani Kufanele Uzinakekele Nge-Semantics
Inzuzo yokubhala i-HTML ye-semantic ivela kulokho okufanele kube umgomo wokushayela wekhasi lewebhu-isifiso sokuxhumana. Ngokufaka amathegi we-semantic kumadokhumenti wakho, unikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nalolo dokhumenti, olusiza ekukhulumisaneni. Ngokuqondile, amathegi we-semantic akwenza kucace kusiphequluli ukuthi kusho ukuthini ikhasi kanye nokuqukethwe kwalo.
Lokho kucacisiwe kubuye kuhanjiswe nezinjini zokusesha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasi afanele ahanjiswa imibuzo efanele.
Ama-tags we-HTML we-Semantic anika ulwazi mayelana nokuqukethwe kulawo ma-tags ahamba ngaphezu kokuthi abukeka kanjani ekhasini. Umbhalo ohlanganiswe kumathegi we- uqashelwa ngokushesha ngesiphequluli njengolunye uhlobo lolimi lwekhowudi.
Esikhundleni sokuzama ukunikeza leyo khodi, isiphequluli siyaqonda ukuthi usebenzisa le mibhalo njengesibonelo sekhodi ngezinhloso ze-athikili noma isifundo se-inthanethi salunye uhlobo.
Ukusebenzisa amathegi we-semantic kukunika izingwegwe eziningi eziningi zokubhala umculi wakho. Mhlawumbe namuhla ukhetha ukuba amasampula akho ikhodi abonise isitayela sesiphequluli esizenzakalelayo, kodwa kusasa, ufuna ukuwabiza ngombala ongemuva wegreysi, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ufuna ukuchaza umndeni wefonti wezinhlamvu ezicacile noma isitokisi sefonti ukuze usebenzise amasampuli akho. Ungenza kalula zonke lezi zinto ngokusebenzisa markup semantic futhi usebenzise i-CSS ngokuhlakanipha.
Sebenzisa Amathebhu we-Semantic Ngokufanele
Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa amathegi we-semantic ukuze udlulisele incazelo kunenjongo yokuveza, udinga ukuba uqaphele ukuthi awuwasebenzisi ngokungalungile izakhiwo zabo ezivamile zokubonisa. Amanye amathegi we-semantic avame ukusetshenziswa kabi ahlanganisa:
- blockquote - Abanye abantu basebenzisa
- p - Abanye abahleli bewebhu sebenzisa
& nbsp; (isikhala esingenqamule esivezwe esigabeni) ukufaka isikhala esingeziwe phakathi kwezingxenye zekhasi, kunokuchaza izigaba zangempela zombhalo walekhasi. Njengesibonelo esivela phambili esingenayo, kufanele usebenzise impahla yesitayela noma i-padding ukwengeza isikhala.
- ul - Njenge-blockquote, efaka umbhalo ngaphakathi kwe-
izindatshana zamathegi ukuthi umbhalo kumaphequluli amaningi. Lokhu kokubili kungakalungi futhi ku-HTML okungavumelekile, njengoba amathegi <- kuphela avumelekile ngaphakathi kwethegi
. Futhi, sebenzisa isitayela semazansi noma i-padding ukuze ubhale umbhalo.
- h1-h6 - Amathegi ehloko angasetshenziselwa ukwenza amafonti amakhulu futhi aphezulu, kodwa uma umbhalo ungesihloko, akufanele ube ngaphakathi kwethegi yokukhomba. Sebenzisa isisindo sefonti namasayizi we-font CSS esikhundleni salokho uma ufuna ukushintsha usayizi noma isisindo sombhalo othize ekhasini lakho ..
Ngokusebenzisa amathegi we-HTML anencazelo, udala amakhasi anikezela ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngaphandle nje kokuzungezile konke nge-
amathegi.
Yimaphi amathegi we-HTML anama-Semantic?
Ngenkathi cishe wonke amathegi we-HTML4 nawo wonke amathegi we-HTML5 anomqondo wesimiso, amanye amathegi ngokuyinhloko abe semantic emvelweni.
Isibonelo, i-HTML5 ibuye ichaze incazelo yamathegi we- ne ukuze abe semantic. Ithegi ayihambisani nokubaluleka okwedlulele, kepha kunalokho umbhalo ohunyushwa ngokugqamile. Ithegi ye- nayo ayidlulisi ukubaluleka okwedlulele noma ukugcizelela, kodwa kunalokho ichaza umbhalo ovame ukuhunyushwa emithaleni.
Ama-HTML we-Semantic Tags
Isibalo Isiqubulo
Isaphulelo eside Incazelo Ikheli lombhali (ama) wedokhumenti Isikhombo Ukubhekisela kwekhodi Umbhalo we-Teletype Ukuhlukaniswa okunengqondo Isiqukathi sesitayela se-Generic esinobubanzi Umbhalo osusiwe Kufakwe umbhalo Ukugcizelelwa Ukugcizelelwa okuqinile
Isihloko sezinga lokuqala
Isihloko sesibili sezinga
Isihloko sezinga lesithathu
Isihloko sesine sezinga
Isihloko sesishiyagalombili sezinga
Isihloko esiphezulu sesithupha
Iphutha leThe Thematic Umbhalo okufanele ungene ngomsebenzisi
Umbhalo olungiselelwe ngaphambilini
Ukucaphuna okufushane okufakiwe Ukukhishwa kwesampula Okubhaliselwe I-Superscript Umbhalo ochaziwe noma owenziwe ngumsebenzisi
, ne . Kunamathegi amaningi we-HTML e-semantic angasetshenziswa njengoba wenza iwebhusayithi ehambisana namazinga.
Kungani Kufanele Uzinakekele Nge-Semantics
Inzuzo yokubhala i-HTML ye-semantic ivela kulokho okufanele kube umgomo wokushayela wekhasi lewebhu-isifiso sokuxhumana. Ngokufaka amathegi we-semantic kumadokhumenti wakho, unikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nalolo dokhumenti, olusiza ekukhulumisaneni. Ngokuqondile, amathegi we-semantic akwenza kucace kusiphequluli ukuthi kusho ukuthini ikhasi kanye nokuqukethwe kwalo.
Lokho kucacisiwe kubuye kuhanjiswe nezinjini zokusesha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasi afanele ahanjiswa imibuzo efanele.
Ama-tags we-HTML we-Semantic anika ulwazi mayelana nokuqukethwe kulawo ma-tags ahamba ngaphezu kokuthi abukeka kanjani ekhasini. Umbhalo ohlanganiswe kumathegi we- uqashelwa ngokushesha ngesiphequluli njengolunye uhlobo lolimi lwekhowudi.
Esikhundleni sokuzama ukunikeza leyo khodi, isiphequluli siyaqonda ukuthi usebenzisa le mibhalo njengesibonelo sekhodi ngezinhloso ze-athikili noma isifundo se-inthanethi salunye uhlobo.
Ukusebenzisa amathegi we-semantic kukunika izingwegwe eziningi eziningi zokubhala umculi wakho. Mhlawumbe namuhla ukhetha ukuba amasampula akho ikhodi abonise isitayela sesiphequluli esizenzakalelayo, kodwa kusasa, ufuna ukuwabiza ngombala ongemuva wegreysi, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ufuna ukuchaza umndeni wefonti wezinhlamvu ezicacile noma isitokisi sefonti ukuze usebenzise amasampuli akho. Ungenza kalula zonke lezi zinto ngokusebenzisa markup semantic futhi usebenzise i-CSS ngokuhlakanipha.
Sebenzisa Amathebhu we-Semantic Ngokufanele
Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa amathegi we-semantic ukuze udlulisele incazelo kunenjongo yokuveza, udinga ukuba uqaphele ukuthi awuwasebenzisi ngokungalungile izakhiwo zabo ezivamile zokubonisa. Amanye amathegi we-semantic avame ukusetshenziswa kabi ahlanganisa:
- blockquote - Abanye abantu basebenzisa
- p - Abanye abahleli bewebhu sebenzisa
& nbsp; (isikhala esingenqamule esivezwe esigabeni) ukufaka isikhala esingeziwe phakathi kwezingxenye zekhasi, kunokuchaza izigaba zangempela zombhalo walekhasi. Njengesibonelo esivela phambili esingenayo, kufanele usebenzise impahla yesitayela noma i-padding ukwengeza isikhala.
- ul - Njenge-blockquote, efaka umbhalo ngaphakathi kwe-
izindatshana zamathegi ukuthi umbhalo kumaphequluli amaningi. Lokhu kokubili kungakalungi futhi ku-HTML okungavumelekile, njengoba amathegi <- kuphela avumelekile ngaphakathi kwethegi
. Futhi, sebenzisa isitayela semazansi noma i-padding ukuze ubhale umbhalo.
- h1-h6 - Amathegi ehloko angasetshenziselwa ukwenza amafonti amakhulu futhi aphezulu, kodwa uma umbhalo ungesihloko, akufanele ube ngaphakathi kwethegi yokukhomba. Sebenzisa isisindo sefonti namasayizi we-font CSS esikhundleni salokho uma ufuna ukushintsha usayizi noma isisindo sombhalo othize ekhasini lakho ..
Ngokusebenzisa amathegi we-HTML anencazelo, udala amakhasi anikezela ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngaphandle nje kokuzungezile konke nge-
amathegi.
Yimaphi amathegi we-HTML anama-Semantic?
Ngenkathi cishe wonke amathegi we-HTML4 nawo wonke amathegi we-HTML5 anomqondo wesimiso, amanye amathegi ngokuyinhloko abe semantic emvelweni.
Isibonelo, i-HTML5 ibuye ichaze incazelo yamathegi we- ne ukuze abe semantic. Ithegi ayihambisani nokubaluleka okwedlulele, kepha kunalokho umbhalo ohunyushwa ngokugqamile. Ithegi ye- nayo ayidlulisi ukubaluleka okwedlulele noma ukugcizelela, kodwa kunalokho ichaza umbhalo ovame ukuhunyushwa emithaleni.
Ama-HTML we-Semantic Tags
Isibalo Isiqubulo
Isaphulelo eside Incazelo Ikheli lombhali (ama) wedokhumenti Isikhombo Ukubhekisela kwekhodi Umbhalo we-Teletype Ukuhlukaniswa okunengqondo Isiqukathi sesitayela se-Generic esinobubanzi Umbhalo osusiwe Kufakwe umbhalo Ukugcizelelwa Ukugcizelelwa okuqinile
Isihloko sezinga lokuqala
Isihloko sesibili sezinga
Isihloko sezinga lesithathu
Isihloko sesine sezinga
Isihloko sesishiyagalombili sezinga
Isihloko esiphezulu sesithupha
Iphutha leThe Thematic Umbhalo okufanele ungene ngomsebenzisi
Umbhalo olungiselelwe ngaphambilini
Ukucaphuna okufushane okufakiwe Ukukhishwa kwesampula Okubhaliselwe I-Superscript Umbhalo ochaziwe noma owenziwe ngumsebenzisi