I-General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile obudlulisela i-GSM (uhlelo jikelele lomakhalekhukhwini) amanethiwekhi wezwi ngokusekela izici zedatha. Amanethiwekhi asekelwe ku-GPRS avame ukubizwa ngokuthi amanethiwekhi we- 2.5G futhi kancane kancane aphakanyiswa ukuze athole ukufakwa okusha kwe-3G / 4G.
Umlando we-GPRS
I-GPRS ingenye yezobuchwepheshe bokuqala ezenza inethiwekhi yeselula ixhumane nenethiwekhi ye- Intanethi ye-Intanethi (IP) , ekufezeni ukwemukelwa okusabalalisa ekuqaleni kwawo-2000s (ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "GSM-IP"). Ikhono lokudlulisa amehlo kuwebhu kusuka efonini nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ("njalo" kunethiwekhi yezintandokazi), ngenkathi kuthathwe kalula ezweni elikhulu namuhla, kwakusengcono manje. Ngisho nanamuhla, i-GPRS iyaqhubeka isetshenziselwa izingxenye zomhlaba lapho kuye kwaba kubi kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yeselula kwezinye izindlela ezintsha.
Abahlinzeki be-intanethi be-Intanethi banikeze amasevisi wedatha we-GPRS kanye namaphakheji wokubhalisa ngezwi ngaphambi kobuchwepheshe be- 3G no-4G buba bugugu. Amakhasimende aqala ukukhokhela insizakalo ye-GPRS ngokusho ukuthi bangakanani inani le- networkwidth abayisebenzisayo ekuthumeni nasekwamukelweni idatha kuze abahlinzeki bashintshe ukuze banikeze amaphakheji wokusebenzisa isilinganiso esiphansi njengokwesiko namhlanje.
I-EDGE (amazinga okuthuthukiswa kwedatha we-GSM Evolution) ubuchwepheshe (ngokuvamile okuthiwa u-2.75G) lakhiwe ekuqaleni kwe-2000s inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-GPRS. I-EDGE ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi i-GPRS Ethuthukisiwe noma nje i-EGPRS.
Ubuchwepheshe be-GPRS bubekwe yi-European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI). I-GPRS kanye ne-EDGE deployments zombili zilawulwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kweProjekthi Yobambiswano Yesizukulwane Sesithathu (3GPP).
Izici ze-GPRS
I-GPRS isebenzisa ukuguqula iphakethe yokudluliswa kwedatha. Isebenza ngesivinini esisheshayo kakhulu ngamazinga anamuhla - amanani wedatha okulandwayo avela ku-28 Kbps kuze kufike ku-171 Kbps, okusheshayo okulayishiwe ngisho nokunciphisa. (Ngokuphambene, amazinga wokulanda ase-EDGE asekelwa ama-384 Kbps uma kuqala, kamuva agqugquzelwa kufika ku-1 Mbps .)
Ezinye izici ezisekelwa yi-GPRS zifaka:
- Isevisi Yomyalezo Omfushane (i-SMS) - izivumelwano zokuxhumana ezikhethekile ezihloselwe ukuthumela imiyalezo
- Isevisi Yokuthumela Imibiko Ye-multimedia (i-MMS) - izandiso kwi-SMS ukuze unike amandla ukuhanjiswa kwamavidiyo ngaphezu kombhalo
- Uhlelo Lokungena Ngaphandle lwe-Inthanethi (i-WAP) - inqubo yokuxhumana ekhethekile yeziphequluli zeselula, manje isasebenza
Ukuthumela i-GPRS kumakhasimende adingekayo ukwengeza izinhlobo ezimbili ze-hardware kumanethiwekhi we-GSM akhona:
- i-Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) ixhuma inethiwekhi yeselula yomnikezeli wesevisi ku-Intanethi (noma enye inethiwekhi ye-IP). Lawa madivayisi aphatha ithrekhi phakathi kwamanethiwekhi wangaphakathi naphandle.
- I-Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) ihlala phakathi kwenethiwekhi yangaphakathi yomnikezeli wesevisi kanye nemishini ebhekene namakhasimende (ikakhulukazi iziteshi eziyisisekelo). Lawa madivayisi aqinisekisa futhi alawula amafoni asayinwe kwinethiwekhi (kuhlanganise nokuqapha ukusetshenziswa).
I-GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) isekela ukudluliswa kwedatha ye-GPRS ngokusebenzisa ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi ye-GSM. I-GTP iyinhloko engaphezu kwe- User Datagram Protocol (UDP) .
Ukusebenzisa i-GPRS
Ukuze usebenzise i-GPRS, umuntu kufanele abe nomakhalekhukhwini futhi abhaliswe kuhlelo lomsebenzi lapho umhlinzeki ewusiza khona.