Incazelo ye-SHA-1 nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ukuqinisekisa idatha
I-SHA-1 (ifushane ye- Algorithm ye- Secure Hash 1 ) enye yemisebenzi eminingi ye- hasptographic hash .
I-SHA-1 ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukufakazela ukuthi ifayela alizange lichazwe. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokukhiqiza i- checksum ngaphambi kokuba ifayela lidluliselwe, futhi futhi uma lifika lapho liya khona.
Ifayela elidluliselwayo lingacatshangwa ukuthi liyiqiniso kuphela uma kokubili ama-checksums efana .
Umlando & amp; Ukuhlukunyezwa komsebenzi we-SHA Hash
I-SHA-1 ingenye yezinhlelo ezine ze-algorithm (SHA) e-Secure Hash Algorithm. Iningi lakhiwa yi-US National Security Agency (NSA) futhi yanyatheliswa yiNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
I-SHA-0 ine-digest yemilayezo ye-160-bit (value value) futhi ibe yinguqulo yokuqala yale algorithm. Amanani we-SHA-0 wehha ayizinombolo ezingama-40 ubude. Yashicilelwe njengegama elithi "SHA" ngo-1993 kodwa ayizange isetshenziswe kwizicelo eziningi ngoba ishintshwe ngokushesha nge-SHA-1 ngo-1995 ngenxa yephutha lokuphepha.
I-SHA-1 iyi-iteration yesibili yalolu hlelo lokusebenza lwe-hash cryptographic. I-SHA-1 nayo ine-digest yomlayezo wama-160 bits futhi ifuna ukwandisa ukuphepha ngokulungisa ubuthakathaka obutholakala ku-SHA-0. Noma kunjalo, ngo-2005, i-SHA-1 nayo itholakale ingaqiniseki.
Uma ubuthakathaka be-cryptographic betholakala ku-SHA-1, i-NIST yenza isitatimende ngo-2006 esikhuthaza izinhlangano zikahulumeni ukuba zisebenzise i-SHA-2 ngonyaka ka-2010. I-SHA-2 inamandla kune-SHA-1 futhi ukuhlaselwa okwenziwe ngokumelene ne-SHA-2 akunakwenzeka kwenzeke ngamandla wamanje we-computing.
Akukhona kuphela ama-ejensi asezinkampani, kodwa ngisho nezinkampani ezinjenge-Google, i-Mozilla, ne-Microsoft zonke ziqale izinhlelo zokuyeka ukwamukela izitifiketi ze-SHA-1 SSL noma sezivimbele kakade lezo zinhlobo zamakhasi kusuka ekulayisheni.
I-Google inebufakazi bokushayisana kwe-SHA-1 okwenza le ndlela ingathembeki ngokukhiqiza amasheke ayingqayizivele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphathelene nephasiwedi, ifayela, noma enye enye idatha. Ungalanda amafayela amabili ehlukile e- PDF avela ku-SHAttered ukuze ubone ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani. Sebenzisa umbala wokubala we-SHA-1 kusukela phansi kwaleli khasi ukuze ukhiphe i-checksum kokubili, futhi uzothola ukuthi inani liyilo elifanayo ngisho noma liqukethe idatha ehlukile.
I-SHA-2 & amp; SHA-3
I-SHA-2 yashicilelwe ngo-2001, eminyakeni eminingana ngemva kwe-SHA-1. I-SHA-2 ihlanganisa imisebenzi eyisithupha ye-hash enezilinganiso eziningana zokugaya: SHA-224 , SHA-256 , SHA-384 , SHA-512 , SHA-512/224 , ne- SHA-512/256 .
Ethuthukisiwe ngabakhiqizi abangewona i-NSA futhi ekhishwe yi-NIST ngo-2015, ingenye ilungu lomndeni wakwa-Secure Hash Algorithm, obizwa nge-SHA-3 (owayengakaKeccak).
I-SHA-3 ayifuni ukufaka esikhundleni se-SHA-2 njengezinguqulo zangaphambilini ezenzelwe ukufaka esikhundleni sezingaphambili. Esikhundleni salokho, i-SHA-3 yasungulwa njengenye enye indlela eya ku-SHA-0, SHA-1, naku- MD5 .
I-SHA-1 isetshenziswa kanjani?
Isibonelo esisodwa sezwe langempela lapho i-SHA-1 ingasetshenziswa khona uma ufaka iphasiwedi yakho kukhasi lokungena ngemvume lewebhu. Nakuba kwenzeka ngemuva ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho, kungase kube indlela i-website esebenzisayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphasiwedi yakho iqinisile.
Kulesi sibonelo, cabanga ukuthi uzama ukungena ngemvume kuwebhusayithi ovame ukuyivakashela. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ucela ukungena ngemvume, kudingeka ukuba ufake igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi.
Uma ngabe iwebhusayithi isebenzisa umsebenzi we-ISH-cryptographic hash, kusho ukuthi iphasiwedi yakho iphendukile ibe yi-checksum ngemuva kokungena kuyo. Leyo checksum ifaniswa ne-checksum egcinwe kwiwebhusayithi ehlobene nephasiwedi yakho yamanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlala kuphi 's ushintshe iphasiwedi yakho kusukela usayine noma uma usishintshile izikhathi ezimbalwa ezedlule. Uma lo mdlalo womabili, unikezwa ukufinyelela; uma kungenjalo, utshele ukuthi iphasiwedi ayilungile.
Esinye isibonelo lapho umsebenzi we-SHA-1 hashi ongasetshenziswa ukuqinisekiswa kwefayela. Amanye amawebhusayithi azohlinzeka nge-SHA-1 checksum yefayela ekhasini lokulanda ukuze kuthi uma ulanda ifayela, ungahlola i-checksum yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifayela elilandiwe lifana nalowo owahlose ukulanda.
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kuluphi uhlobo lokuqinisekisa. Cabanga ngesimo lapho uyazi khona i-SHA-1 checksum yefayela kusuka kuwebhusayithi yonjiniyela kodwa ufuna ukulanda inguqulo efanayo kusuka kuwebhusayithi ehlukile. Ungakwazi futhi ukukhiqiza i-SHA-1 checksum yokulanda kwakho bese uyiqhathanisa ne checksum yangempela kusuka kukhasi lokulanda lomthuthukisi.
Uma lezi zimbili zihlukile ngakho akusho nje ukuthi okuqukethwe kwefayili akufani kodwa ukuthi kungahle kube khona i- malware efihliwe efayeleni, idatha ingonakaliswa futhi ibangele amafayela akho ekhompyutheni, ifayela aliyona into ehlobene ifayela langempela, njll.
Kodwa-ke, kungase kusho ukuthi ifayela elilodwa limelela inguqulo endala yalolu hlelo kunalolu olunye kusukela ngisho nalokho okuncane kokushintsha kuzokhipha inani eliyingqayizivele lokuhlola.
Ungase futhi ufuna ukuhlola ukuthi amafayela amabili afana uma ufaka iphakethe lensizakalo noma olunye uhlelo noma ubuyekeze ngoba izinkinga zenzeka uma amanye amafayela alahlekile ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Bheka Indlela Yokuqinisekisa Ubuqotho befayela ku-Windows Nge-FCIV ngesikhashana esifundweni .
I-SHA-1 Checksum Calculators
Uhlobo olukhethekile lokubala lungasetshenziswa ukunquma i-checksum yefayela noma iqembu labalingiswa.
Isibonelo, i-SHA1 Online ne-SHA1 Hash ngamathuluzi wamahhala e-intanethi angakwazi ukukhiqiza i-SHA-1 checksum yanoma yiliphi iqembu lamathekisthi, izimpawu, kanye / noma izinombolo.
Leyo mawebhusayithi azokwenza, isibonelo, ukukhiqiza i-SHA-1 checksum ye- bd17dabf6fdd24dab5ed0e2e6624d312e4ebeaba yombhalo ngomhla ka-Akhawl0! .
Bheka Yini I-Checksum? kwamanye amathuluzi wamahhala angathola i-checksum yamafayela wangempela kwikhompyutheni yakho hhayi nje umthamo wombhalo.