Ihluzo zekhompiyutha , uma umenzi wesimodeli eqeda ukwakha umlingiswa, kungumshini we-3D wesigcawu, cishe njengomfanekiso we-marble. (Futhi uma uke wazama ukufaka nokufanekisa isithombe se-marble, mhlawumbe uyazi ukuthi kutholakala kungekudala).
Ngaphambi kwesibonelo sezinhlamvu ze-3D singanikezelwa eqenjini lezilwane, kufanele liboshwe ohlelweni lwamalungu nokulawula izimbambo ukuze abenzi be-animators bakwazi ukufaka imodeli. Le nqubo ivame ukuqedwa ngabaculi abaziwa njengabaqondisi bezobuchwepheshe (TDs) noma abagibeli.
I-Character TDs isebenzisana eduze nama-animators ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezithile zobuchwepheshe ezibhekwayo, kodwa umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukuthatha iminyene ye- 3D futhi ikulungele izithombe-inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukukhwabanisa.
Ukugijima
I-rig yomlingisi i-skeleton yedijithali ehambelana ne-3D mesh. Njenge-skeleton yangempela, umgogodla wenziwa ngamalunga namathambo, ngasinye esisebenza njengendlela "isibambo" esingaba se-animators ukugoba umlingisi ube yilokho okufunayo.
I-rig yezinhlamvu ingahle ivele elula futhi enhle ukuze ibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ukusetha okuyisisekelo kokufaka okulula kungakhiwa emahoreni ambalwa, ngenkathi i-rig egcwele ngokucacile yefilimu yesici ingadinga izinsuku noma amasonto ngaphambi kokuba uhlamvu lulungele izithombe ze-Pixar-level.
Ukubeka i-Skeleton
Ukubekwa kwe-skeleton mhlawumbe kuyingxenye elula yenqubo yokudoba. Ngokuyinhloko, amajoyina kufanele afakwe ngqo lapho ezoba khona emasendeni ezwe langempela, okunye okukodwa noma ezimbili.
- I-Hiintarchy Joint: Ukuze ugijimi lusebenze kahle, amathambo namalunga kufanele alandele ubukhosi obuqondayo. Lapho uhlela isifuba somlingiswa, ukujoyina kokuqala obekayo kubizwa ngokuthi yizimpande ezihlangene . Yonke inhlanganisela elandelayo izoxhunyaniswa empande noma ngokuqondile, noma ngokungaqondile ngokunye okuhlangene.
- I-Kinematics yangaphambili: Ukuhamba phambili kokuhamba phambili (FK) kungenye yezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokubala ukunyakaza okuhlangene komlingiswa ogcwele umuthi. Uma usebenzisa u-FK umgogodla, noma yikuphi ukujoyina okunikeziwe kungathinta kuphela izingxenye zamathambo eziwa ngezansi kuloluhlelo oluhlangene.
- Isibonelo, ukujikeleza kwehlombe lomlingiswa kushintsha isikhundla se-elbow, isandla, nesandla. Uma uphuthukisa nge-kinematics phambili, umculi ngokuvamile udinga ukusetha ukujikeleza nesimo sohlangothini ngalunye-ukuze kufezwe okufunwayo lapho i-animator ingasebenza ngombuso ohlanganyelwe u-sequentially: izimpande → u-spine → ihlombe → i-elbow → njll Isikhundla sokugcina inhlanganisela yokuqeda (njenge-knuckle) ibalwa njengokusebenza kwama-angles ahlangene nawo wonke amajoyina angaphezu kwawo ku-hierarchy.
I-Kinematics engenayo
I-IK rigging iyinqubo ehlanekezelayo kusukela ekuqaliseni izidakamizwa futhi ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa isisombululo esisebenzayo sokubamba izingalo nemilenze yomuntu. Ngomugqa we-IK, ukuhlanganiswa kokuqeda kukhonjiswe ngqo yi-animator, kuyilapho amalunga angaphezu kwawo ku-hierarchy aqondiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo yi-software.
I-IK iyakulungeleka kakhulu uma izithombe zidinga ukuhlanganiswa kokuqeda ukufakwa kahle kakhulu & $ 151; uhlamvu olukhuphuka esiteji yisibonelo esihle. Ngenxa yokuthi izandla nezinyawo zomlingiswa zingabekwa ngqo emagqeni e-ekhanda kunokuba i-animator ivumelanise isikhundla sayo ngokuhlanganyela, i-IK rig ingenza inqubo ye-animation iphumelele kakhulu. Enye into engaphendukiyo yukuthi ngoba izithombe ze-IK zisebenzisa ukuphoqeka kwesofthiwe, ngokuvamile kunomsebenzi omncane wokuhlanza okufanele wenziwe ukuze uqede ukudubula.
Amagremu enkululeko / izingqinamba
Uma ugijimela, gcina engqondweni ukuthi amalunga afana namagundane namadolo aphelelwe izinga elilodwa lenkululeko emhlabeni wangempela, okusho ukuthi bangakwazi ukugoba nge-axis eyodwa kuphela. Ngokufanayo, intamo yomuntu ayikwazi ukujikeleza ama-360 degrees agcwele. Ukuze usize ukuvimbela izithombe ezingenangqondo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukusetha izinkinga ezihlangene uma uwakha ig rig yakho. Sizobhekana nalokhu ngokuqhubekayo kusifundo.
Squash bese unciphisa
Okunye ukucatshangelwa okumelwe kwenziwe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-rig izosekela u-squash futhi ilula, noma ngabe umlingiswa uzovinjelwa ukunyakaza okungokoqobo. I-Squash futhi isuleka isimiso esibalulekile ekugqeni izithombe ze-cartoon , kodwa ngokuvamile ayibheki kahle kwifilimu / i-VFX yomsebenzi oqondile. Uma ufuna i-rig yakho igcine izilinganiso ezingokoqobo, kubalulekile ukusetha isithiyo ukuvala isikhundla sohlangothini ngalunye ngokuphathelene naso sonke isigubhu.
Ukugubha ebusweni
Isigxobo sobuso bomlingiswa ngokuvamile sihluke ngokuphelele ezilawulweni ezinkulu zokuhamba. Akusizi kahle futhi kunzima kakhulu ukudala igubhu lobuso olwanelisayo ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo samasiko esihlangene / sesithambo, ngakho-ke ukuhloswa kwe-morph (noma ukuhlanganiswa kobunjwa) kuvame ukubonakala njengesisombululo esisebenzayo. Ukukhwabanisa ebusweni kuyisihloko futhi ngokwakho, ngakho-ke qaphela isihloko esihlolisisa isihloko ngokujulile.