Ezinsukwini zakuqala zeVoIP, kwakungekho ukukhathazeka okukhulu mayelana nezindaba zokuphepha ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Abantu babekhathazeke kakhulu ngezindleko, ukusebenza nokuthembeka. Manje ukuthi iVoIP ithola ukwamukelwa kabanzi futhi iba enye yezobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokuxhumana, ukuphepha kuye kwaba yinkinga enkulu.
Izinsongo zokuphepha zibangela ukukhathazeka okunye nakakhulu uma sicabanga ukuthi i-VoIP empeleni ishintsha uhlelo lokuxhumana oludala kunazo zonke futhi oluvikelekile emhlabeni owaziwayo - i-POTS (Plain Old Telephone System). Ake sibuke ubuso obusongela abasebenzisi be-VoIP .
Identity kanye nokwebiwa kwemisebenzi
Ukweba ngemisebenzi kungaboniswa ngokuphanga, okuwuhlobo lokukhwabanisa oluba inkonzo evela kumhlinzeki wesevisi, noma ukusebenzisa isevisi ngenkathi kudlulisela izindleko komunye umuntu. Ukubethela akuvamile kakhulu ku-SIP, elawula ukuqinisekiswa phezu kwezingcingo ze-VoIP , ngakho-ke iziqinisekiso zomsebenzisi zisengozini yokuba.
Ukudla ama-hackers kubamba indlela abaduni abaningi ababa ngayo imininingwane kanye nolunye ulwazi. Ngokusebenzisa ama-avesdropping, umuntu wesithathu angathola amagama, iphasiwedi nezinombolo zocingo, ezivumela ukuba bathole ukulawula phezu kwe-voicemail, uhlelo lokubiza, ukuthumela ucingo nolwazi lokukhokha. Lokhu kuholela ekubanjweni kwezevisi.
Ukweba izimpawu zokwenza izingcingo ngaphandle kokukhokha akusona isizathu esisodwa sokuba ukwebiwa kobunikazi. Abantu abaningi bakwenza ukuze uthole ulwazi olubalulekile njengedatha yebhizinisi.
I-phreaker ingashintsha izinhlelo zokubiza kanye namaphakheji futhi wengeze ngaphezulu isikweletu noma wenze izingcingo usebenzisa i-akhawunti yesisulu. Ungakwazi nokufinyelela ezakhiweni eziyimfihlo ezifana ne-imeyili yeposi, wenze izinto zomuntu siqu njengokushintsha inombolo yokudlulisela ikholi .
Ukufisa
Ukufisa kukhona elinye igama le- VoIP Phishing , elibandakanya iqembu elikubiza ukuthi ufake inhlangano ethembekile (isib. Ibhange lakho) futhi ucele ulwazi oluyimfihlo futhi oluvame kakhulu. Nakhu ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukuba yisisulu esithandayo.
Ama-Virus ne-malware
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-VoIP okubandakanya i- softphones ne-software kuyingozi kuma-worms, amagciwane kanye ne-malware, njenganoma iyiphi insiza ye-intanethi. Njengoba lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ze-softphone zigijima kumahlelo womsebenzisi njenge-PC nama-PDA, zivezwa futhi zisengozini yokuhlaselwa kwekhodi enonya kumahlelo wezwi.
I-DoS (Ukulahla Kwevisi)
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-DoS ukuhlaselwa kwenethiwekhi noma idivayisi ukuyiphika ngensizakalo noma ukuxhumana. Kungenziwa ngokudla umkhawulokudonsa wayo noma ukulayisha ngokweqile inethiwekhi noma izinsiza zangaphakathi zedivayisi.
Nge-VoIP, ukuhlaselwa kwe-DoS kungenziwa ngokukhukhumeza isilwane ngemilayezo engadingekile ye-SIP yokushaya ucingo, ngaleyo ndlela ihlaziye isevisi. Lokhu kubangela izingcingo ukuba zishiye ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi zimise ukucutshungulwa kocingo.
Kungani umuntu eqala ukuhlasela kweDoS? Lapho isikhangiso senqatshelwe insizakalo futhi iphela ukusebenza, umhlaseli angathola ukulawula okukude kwezakhiwo zokuphatha zesistimu.
I-SPIT (Igaxekile nge-Internet Telephony)
Uma usebenzisa i-imeyili njalo, kufanele wazi ukuthi ukugaxekile kukuphi. Kulula, ukugaxekile empeleni kuthumela ama-imeyili kubantu ngokumelene nentando yabo. Lawa ma-imeyili ahlanganisa ikakhulu izingcingo zokuthengisa ku-intanethi. Ukugaxekile nge-VoIP akuvamile kakhulu kodwa, kodwa kuqala ukuba, ikakhulukazi ngokuvela kweVoIP njengethuluzi lezimboni.
Yonke i-akhawunti ye-VoIP inekheli le- IP elihambisanayo . Kulula kubagaxekile ukuthumela imilayezo yabo (amavoyisimeyili) ezinkulungwaneni zamakheli e-IP. Ukuthunyelwe ngezwi njengomphumela kuzohlupheka. Nge-spamming, amavoyisimeyili azovalwa futhi isikhala esiningi kanye namathuluzi wokuphatha wevoyisimeyili angcono kuyodingeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiyalezo yogaxekile ingathwala amagciwane kanye ne-spyware kanye nabo.
Lokhu kusiletha kwesinye ukunambitheka kwe-SPIT, okuyi-phishing nge-VoIP. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Phishing kubandakanya ukuthumela umuntu ngezwi, ukulifaka ngolwazi oluvela enkampanini eluthembekile kumamukeli, njengebhange noma insizakalo yokukhokha inthanethi, okwenza ucabange ukuthi uphephile. I-voicemail ngokuvamile icela idatha eyimfihlo njengamaphasiwedi noma izinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu. Ungacabanga ngokunye!
Shayela ucingo
Ukushaywa ucingo ukuhlaselwa okubandakanya ukunciphisa ucingo oluqhubekayo. Isibonelo, umhlaseli angaphazamisa ikhwalithi yocingo ngokufaka ama-packet umsindo emsakazweni wokuxhumana. Angakwazi futhi ukugwema ukulethwa kwamaphakethe ukuze ukuxhumana kube lula futhi abahlanganyeli bahlangane nesikhathi eside sokuthula ngesikhathi socingo.
Ukuhlaselwa kwabantu ngaphakathi
I-VoIP isengozini ikakhulukazi ekuhlaselweni kwabantu-phakathi, lapho umhlaseli ekwazi ukubiza khona-umyalezo we-SIP umlayezo wesigameko kanye nokuqokwa njengenhlangano yokubamba iqhaza kwiqembu elibizwa ngokuthi, noma ngokufanayo. Lapho umhlaseli ezuzile lesi sikhundla, angadonsa izingcingo nge-server yokuqondisa kabusha.