Lapho ngihlangana nabantu abasha futhi bangibuza ukuthi yini engikwenzayo ukuze ngiphile, ngivame ukuphendula ukuthi ngingumdwebi wewebhu. Ngisebenzisa leli gama ngoba liyizwi eliphephile elithi "catch-all" elenza abantu bazi lokho engikukwenzayo, ngokujwayelekile, ngaphandle kokudideka ngesihloko somsebenzi othize othi umuntu ongaphandle kwemboni yewebhu angeke aqonde.
Iqiniso lokuthi igama elithi "umklami wewebhu" luyi-generalization lusizo ezimweni ezinjengokuthi ngisanda kuchaza, uma ukhuluma nomuntu ongeyena ochwepheshe bewebhu, kodwa uma ukhuluma nomuntu embonini yewebhu, ukuthi ukukhiqiza hhayi okwanele ukuchaza lokho okukwenzayo.
Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi basebenzisa la magama amabili "design web" kanye "nentuthuko web" ngokungafani, kodwa ngempela babe nezincazelo ezimbili ezahlukene kakhulu. Uma ufuna umsebenzi omusha embonini yeklabhu yewebhu, noma ngabe ungumuntu ofuna ukuqasha i-web professional ukuze wakhe iwebhusayithi kuwe noma inkampani yakho, udinga ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwala magama amabili namakhono wekhono woza nabo. Ake sibuke le mibandela emibili.
Kuyini Web Design?
Idizayini yewebhu iyona gama elivame kakhulu elisetshenziselwa ochwepheshe kule mboni. Ngokuvamile, uma othile ethi "umklami wewebhu," babhekisela kumatsheni amaningana amakhono, okunye okubonakalayo okubonakalayo.
"I-design" ingxenye yalesi sibalo ibhekana nokubhekene namakhasimende noma "ingxenye yokuphela" yewebhusayithi. Umklami wewebhu ucabangelwa ukuthi isayithi libukeka kanjani nokuthi amakhasimende asebenzisana kanjani nawo (ngezinye izikhathi futhi abizwa ngokuthi "abadwebi bamava" noma "abadwebi be-UX").
Abaqambi bewebhu abalungile bayakwazi ukusebenzisa imigomo yokuklama ukudala isayithi elibukeka lihle. Babuye baqonde mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwewebhu kanye nendlela yokudala amasayithi asebenzisana nomsebenzisi. Imiklamo yabo iyodwa lapho amakhasimende afuna ukuhamba khona ngoba kulula futhi enembile ukwenza kanjalo. Abaqambi benza okungaphezulu nje kokwenza isayithi "kubukeka kuhle." Ngempela baqondisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-website ye-website.
Kuyini ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu?
Ukuthuthukiswa kweWebhu kufaka ama-flavour amabili - ukuthuthukiswa kwangaphambili-phambili nokuthuthukiswa kokugcina. Okunye kwamakhono kulezi zinambitheka ezimbili, kodwa anezinhloso ezihluke kakhulu emsebenzini wokudweba iwebhu.
Umthuthukisi wangaphambi kokuthatha ithrekhi ebonakalayo yewebhusayithi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wadala lo mklamo noma wanikezwa umklami obukwayo) futhi uyayakha ikhodi. Umthuthukisi wangaphambili uzosebenzisa i-HTML yesakhiwo sesayithi, i-CSS ukuze aqondise izitayela ezibukwayo nesakhiwo, mhlawumbe ngisho neJavascript. Kwezinye izindawo ezincane, ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala kungase kube uhlobo olulodwa lwentuthuko oludingekayo kule phrojekthi. Eminye imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi, intuthuko "yokugcina emuva" izoqala ukudlala.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokugcina ekugcineni kusebenzisana nezinhlelo eziphambili kakhulu nokusebenzisana kumakhasi wewebhu. Umthuthukisi we-web -back-end ugxila ekutheni isayithi lisebenza kanjani nokuthi amakhasimende athola kanjani izinto kuwo ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza okuthile. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukusebenza ngekhodi ehlangene nedatha noma ukudala izici ezinjengezohwebo ze-E-commerce ezixhuma kumaprosesa wokukhokha inthanethi nokuningi.
Abathuthukisi bewebhu abalungile bangakwazi ukuhlela uhlelo lwe- CGI nezikripthi ezifana ne- PHP . Bazobuye baqonde ukuthi amafomu ewebhu asebenza kanjani nokuthi amaphakheji wesofthiwe ahlukene kanye nama-API (ukungena kwezicelo zohlelo lokusebenza) angasetshenziswa ukuxhuma lezo zinhlobo ezahlukene zesofthiwe ndawonye ukudala izixazululo ezizohlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende athile zokuba khona kwe-intanethi. Abathuthukisi bewebhu be-back-end kungadingeka ukuthi benze ukusebenza okusha kusukela ekuqaleni uma kungekho amathuluzi esofthiwe esele akhona noma amaphakheji angasetshenziswa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende abo /
Abantu Abaningi Bakhanyisa Le Mithi
Ngesikhathi abanye ochwepheshe bewebhu behlela noma begxila ezindaweni ezithile, eziningi zazo zifiphaza imigqa phakathi kweziyalo ezahlukene. Kungase kube lula kakhulu ukusebenzisana nemiklamo ebonakalayo besebenzisa izinhlelo ezifana ne-Adobe Photoshop, kodwa kungenzeka futhi bazi okuthile nge-HTML ne-CSS futhi bangakwazi ukukhokha amakhasi athile ayisisekelo. Ukuba nolwazi olunqamulayo empeleni kuyasiza kakhulu njengoba kungakwenza ube nemakethe emakethe futhi ngcono kulokho okwenzayo jikelele.
Umklami obukayo oqonda ukuthi amawebhu akhiwe kanjani azohlonywa kangcono ukuklama lawo maphepha nokuhlangenwe nakho. Ngokufanayo, umthuthukisi wewebhu owazi kahle izinto ezisemqoka zokuklama nokuxhumana okubukwayo angenza ukukhetha okuhlakaniphile njengoba behlela amakhasi nokusebenzisana kwiphrojekthi yabo.
Ekugcineni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unolwazi lwesiphambano noma cha, uma ufaka isicelo somsebenzi noma ubheke umuntu ozosebenza kusayithi lakho, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yini oyifunayo - isakhiwo sewebhu noma ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Amakhono owaqashayo azodlala indima enkulu ekukhokheleni lokho okuzodingeka usebenzise ukuze ufeze lowo msebenzi.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuthuthukiswa nokuqeda ukuphela kwezingxenye ezincane, eziqondile kakhulu kuzobe zingaphansi (ngehora ngalinye) kunokuqasha ikhodi yokugcina yokugcina emuva. Kumasayithi amakhulu namaphrojekthi, empeleni uzoqasha amaqembu aqukethe ochwepheshe bewebhu abahlanganisa zonke lezi ziyalo ezahlukeneyo.