Umphakathi jikelele waqala ukubona ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain ngokuqala kwe- bitcoin . I-Bitcoin, idijithali edijithali ye-digital, noma i- cryptocurrency , ivumela abantu ukuthi bathumele futhi bathole izimali komunye nomunye ngaphandle kwesidingo somxhumanisi njengobhange noma inkampani yokucubungula inkokhelo.
Ukuphepha nokusebenza kwalokhu okuthengiselana ngontanga kwenza kube lula yi-blockchain, ehambisa isikhombandlela somphakathi sabo bonke ukudluliselwa kwe-bitcoin kwinethiwekhi futhi iqinisekisa ukuhlolwa nokulinganisa okuvimbela amaphupho e-P2P njengokusebenzisa kabili kanye nomunye umsebenzi wokukhwabanisa. Ngenkathi i-blockchain eqinisweni ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo ngemuva kwe-bitcoin, iphinde isetshenziselwe ezinye izinhloso kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene.
Ngenxa yobuso bayo obubonakalayo kanye nekhono lokususa ngokuvikelekile umuntu ophakathi uma kusetshenziselwa ukudluliselwa kwefadijithali, imali noma okunye, i-blockchain iveza amathuba athile kakhulu kunazo zonke kubakhiqizi abakhayo njengethimba ngemuva kweprojekthi ye-Ethereum.
Kuyini i-Ethereum?
Njenge-bitcoin, u-Ethereum usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain. Futhi njenge-bitcoin, i-Ethereum ine-cryptocurrency ebizwa nge-Ether engathengwa, edayiswa, edayisa noma eyenziwe ngemayini. Ukufana okuphezulu kwezinga eliphezulu kuphela lapho, kodwa, njengoba u-Ethereum wadalwa futhi ehlelwe ngenhloso ehluke kakhulu engqondweni.
Ngokuyinhloko i-blockchain ehlelwe, umthombo ovulekile we-platform e-Ethereum ungaba ekhaya ekusebenzeni okuningi okudalwe ngumsebenzisi. Lokho kusho ukuthi abahleli bangasebenzisa i-Ethereum hhayi kuphela ukuklama nokuzikhulula ngokwabo njenge-bitcoin, kodwa futhi bagcine futhi benze izinkontileka zesikhathi esizayo njengezinkokhelo zezindlu noma izintshisekelo ngokwesibonelo. Ngabo abadali bayo, i-Ethereum yedwa "i-value-agnostic" futhi ekugcineni abakhiqizi kanye nabomabhizinisi bayobe banquma ukuthi isetshenziselwa ukuthini.
Njenganoma iyiphi enye i-blockchain, i-database ye-Ethereum ivuselelwa njalo yizo zonke izinombolo ezixhunywe kunethiwekhi. I-Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) ingasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlongozwa ezilimini eziqanjwayo zokuhlela njengeJavaScript nePython, nazo zonke izinombolo eziqhuba isethi efanayo yemiyalelo ekhonjiwe.
Ngenxa yokuthi yonke i-computing ngaphakathi kwe-EVM yenziwa ngokufanayo yonkana yonke inethiwekhi, unesivumelwane esivumelanisiwe esingaqinisekisi ukuthi akukho ukuphumula, iphutha elisheshayo noma ukutakula inhlekelele futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma iyiphi idatha egcinwe kwi-block Ethereum ayikwazi ukuhlushwa noma isetshenziswe nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
Ama-akhawunti nama-Smart Contracts
Ukuze uqonde ngempela u-Ethereum, kufanele uqale ukuqonda umqondo wezivumelwano ezihlakaniphile. I-Ethereum blockchain ilandelela isimo samanje se-akhawunti ngayinye kanye nokudluliselwa kwexabiso phakathi kwabo, ngokuphambene nomlingani wayo we-bitcoin ogcina irekhodi lokuthengiswa kwemali nje.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-akhawunti atholakele ku-Ethereum blockchain, ama-Akhawunti Awangaphandle (ama-EOA) nama-Akhawunti Yenkontileka. I-EOA ilawulwa ngumsebenzisi futhi ifinyeleleka ngekhiye yangasese eyingqayizivele. Ama-akhawunti we-Contract, okwamanje, aqukethe ikhodi egijima lapho ukuthengiswa kuthunyelwa ku-akhawunti. Lezi zinhlelo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izivumelwano ezihlakaniphile.
Izinkontileka ze-Smart zivulela amathuba omhlaba amakhodi ehlakaniphile, kufaka phakathi ikhono lokudala izinhlelo ezenza izinkontileka noma ukuhambisa ubunikazi bezimpahla kuphela uma isikhathi sikulungile. Ukuhambisa le khodi ku-Ethereum blockchain kudala i-Akhawunti Yomthengi entsha, egijima kuphela uma iziyalezo zokwenza kanjalo zithunyelwa i-EOA - elawulwa ngumnikazi we-akhawunti obambe ukhiye wangasese ohambelana nayo.
Uma ukuthengiswa komyalelo kuthunyelwa kusuka ku-EOA kuya kwi-Akhawunti Yenkontileka, umsebenzisi kudingeka akhokhe imali ekhethiwe kumnethiwekhi we-Ethereum ngesinyathelo ngasinye sohlelo abangathanda ukukwenza. Le mali ayikhokhwa ngemali ye-fiat kodwa ku-Ether, i-cryptocurrency yomdabu ehlotshaniswa nesiteji se-Ethereum.
I-Ether yezimayini
I-Ethereum isebenzisa isistimu ye-Proof-of-Work (PoW) ukuze iqinisekise futhi isebenze ukuthengiselana kwinethiwekhi yayo, hhayi ngokungafani ne-bitcoin noma eminingi yamanye ama-protocol ehambisana nontanga abasebenzisa i-blockchain yomphakathi. Ukuthengisana ngalunye kuqoqwe nabanye abasanda kuhanjiswa njengengxenye yebhokisi lokuvikela elivulekile.
Amakhompiyutha abizwa ngokuthi abavukuzi basebenzisa imijikelezo yabo ye-GPU kanye / noma ye- CPU ukuxazulula izinkinga zemicabango-kanzima kuze kube yilapho amandla abo abambene evula isixazululo. Uma kwenzeka lokho, konke ukuthengiselana kuqinisekisiwe futhi kwenziwa futhi ibhulogi ingezwa kubhuloki. Labo abavukuzi abahlanganyele ekuxazululeni i-block bathola isabelo esinqunyiwe se-Ether, umvuzo wabo wokugcina inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum isebenza.
Abasha abasemayini ye-Ether bavame ukujoyina amachibi ahlanganisa amandla okusebenzisa ama-miners ambalwa ngenhloso yokuxazulula amabhlogo ngokushesha futhi ahlukanise imivuzo ngokufanelekile, nalabo abanamandla amakhulu okuthola ukwabelana okukhulu kwe-Ether. Eminye yamachibi e-Ethereum athandwa kakhulu yi-Ethpool, i-F2Pool ne-DwarfPool. Abasebenzisi abaningi abaphambili bakhetha ukuzulayela ngokwabo.
Ukuthenga, Ukuthengisa nokuhweba Ether
I-Ether ingabuye ithengwe, ithengiswe futhi ithengiswe ngemali ye-fiat kanye namanye ama-cryptocoins ngezingxoxo ze-intanethi njenge- Coinbase , Bitfinex ne-GDAX. Ed. Qaphela: Uma utshalwa izimali nokuhweba ukuklama, qiniseka ukuthi ubukela amaflegi abomvu .
I-Ethereum Wallet
I-Ethereum Wallet uhlelo lokusebenza olufakwe endaweni, oluvikelwe ukhiye wangasese, ogcina ngokuphepha u-Ether wakho kanye nanoma yimaphi amanye amafa akhelwe esiteji. Ungasebenzisa futhi isofthiwe yekhredithi ukubhala, ukuhambisa nokwenza izinkontileka ezibalulwe ngenhla.
Kunconywa ukuba ulande kuphela isikhwama se-Ethereum kusuka ku-Ethereum.org noma i-GitHub egcinayo.
I-Ethereum Block Explorers
Yonke imisebenzi e-Ethereum blockchain iyisidlangalaleni futhi iyasesha, futhi indlela elula yokubheka lokhu kusetshenziselwa kungukuthi umhloli webhokisi njengo-Etherchain.org noma u-EtherScan. Uma engekho kulawa okuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho, usesho olulula lwe-Google luzobuyisela izindlela eziningi.