01 ngo-08
Iyini i-LAMP Web Server?
Lo mhlahlandlela uzokubonisa indlela elula yokufaka iseva yewebhu ye-LAMP usebenzisa inguqulo yedeskithophu ye-Ubuntu.
I-LAMP imele i-Linux, i- Apache , i-MySQL ne-PHP.
Inguqulo ye-Linux esetshenziswe kulo mhlahlandlela yi-Ubuntu ngempela.
I-Apache ingenye yezinhlobo eziningi ze-web server etholakalayo kwi-Linux. Abanye bafaka i-Lighttpd ne-NGinx.
I-MySQL iyiseva yedatha eyokusiza ukuthi wenze amakhasi akho wewebhu ahlanganyele ngokukwazi ukugcina nokubonisa ulwazi olugcinwe.
Okokugcina i-PHP (okusho i-Hypertext Preprocessor) ulimi oluthile olungasetshenziswa ukudala ikhodi yecala leseva kanye ne-Web APIs engadliwa yizilimi ezingezansi zamakhasimende njenge-HTML, i-javaScript ne-CSS.
Ngikukhombisa indlela yokufaka i-LAMP usebenzisa inguqulo yedeskithophu ye-Ubuntu ukuze abathuthukisi bewebhu abasafufusa bangabeka ukuthuthukiswa noma ukuhlolwa kwemvelo yokudala kwabo.
I-web Ubuntu yewebhu ingahle isetshenziswe njenge-intranet yamakhasi ewebhu ekhaya.
Ngisho noma ungenza i-web server itholakale emhlabeni jikelele lokhu akunakwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ikhompyutha yasekhaya njengabahlinzeki be-broadband ngokuvamile bashintsha ikheli le-IP lamakhompiyutha ngakho-ke kuzodingeka usebenzise isevisi efana ne-DynDNS ukuthola ikheli le-IP static. Umkhawulokudonsa ohlinzekwa ngumhlinzeki wakho we-broadband cishe ngeke futhi ufanele ukukhonza amakhasi ewebhu.
Ukusetha isiphakeli sewebhu emhlabeni wonke kungasho futhi ukuthi unesibopho sokuqinisekisa iseva le-Apache, ukusetha izibhamu futhi uqinisekise ukuthi yonke isofthiwe ilandelwa kahle.
Uma ufuna ukudala iwebhusayithi ukuze umhlaba wonke ubheke khona-ke uzokwaziswa ukuthi ukhethe umphathi wewebhu nge-hostel ye-CPanel esusa yonke le mzamo.
02 ngo-08
Indlela Yokufaka I-LAMP Web Server isebenzisa i-Tasksel
Ukufaka yonke ipaki ye-LAMP empeleni kunembile kakhulu futhi ingafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa imiyalo emibili kuphela.
Amanye ama-tutorials ku-intanethi akukhombisa indlela yokufaka ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana kodwa ungakwazi ngempela ukufaka konke kubo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukwenza kanjalo uzodinga ukuvula iwindi lokugcina. Ukuze wenze lokhu cindezela i-CTRL, ALT no-T ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Esikhathini sewindi lokugcina uthayipha imiyalo elandelayo:
sudo apt-get install functionsel
Umsebenzi we-sudo ufake isibani-seva
Imiyalo engenhla ifaka ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-tasksel bese usebenzisa i-tasksel lifaka i-meta-iphakhethi ebizwa ngokuthi isibani-iseva.
Ngakho uyini umsebenzi?
I-Tasksel ikuvumela ukuba ufake iqembu lamaphakheji konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Njengoba kuchazwe ngaphambilini i-LAMP imele i-Linux, i-Apache, i-MySQL ne-PHP futhi kuvamile ukuthi uma ufaka eyodwa bese ujwayele ukuyifaka yonke.
Ungakwazi ukugijima umyalelo wezisebenzi uqobo ngokwakho:
umsebenzi we-sudo
Lokhu kuzokwenzela ifasitela ngolwazi lwamaphakheji noma kufanele ngithi iqembu lamaphakheji angafakwa.
Ngokwesibonelo, ungafaka ideskithophu ye KDE, ideskithophu ye-Lubuntu, i-mailserver noma iseva evulekile.
Uma ufaka isofthiwe usebenzisa i-tasksel awufaki iphakethe elilodwa kodwa iqembu lamaphakheji afana nomqondo wonke afana ndawonye ukuze enze into eyodwa enkulu. Esimweni sethu into eyodwa enkulu yi-server ye-LAMP.
03 ngo-08
Setha iphasiwedi ye-MySQL
Ngemuva kokusebenzisa imiyalo yesinyathelo esedlule amaphakheji adingekayo ku-Apache, i-MySQL ne-PHP izolandwa futhi ifakwe.
Iwindi lizovela njengengxenye yokufaka okukudingayo ukuthi ufake iphasiwedi ye-root ye-MySQL iseva.
Lephasiwedi ayifani nephasiwedi yakho yokungena ngemvume futhi ungayifaka kunoma yini oyifunayo. Kuyafaneleka ukwenza iphasiwedi ibe ephephile ngangokunokwenzeka njengoba umnini wephasiwedi angakwazi ukuphatha yonke iseva ye-database ngokukwazi ukudala nokukhipha abasebenzisi, izimvume, ama-schemas, amatafula kanye nezinto eziningi kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokungena iphasiwedi yonke ukufakwa kuqhubeka ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokufaka okunye.
Ekugcineni uzobuyela ku-prompt umyalo futhi ungahlola iseva ukuze ubone ukuthi isebenza yini.
04 ngo-08
Indlela Yokuhlola I-Apache
Indlela elula yokuhlola ukuthi i-Apache isebenza kanje:
- Vula i-Firefox ngokuchofoza isithonjana kusiqalisi (3rd kusuka phezulu)
- Ku-ibha yekheli faka i-http: // localhost
Ikhasi lewebhu kufanele livele njengoba liboniswa esithombeni.
Ngokuyinhloko uma ubona amagama athi "Isebenza" ekhasini lewebhu kanye ne-Ubuntu logo negama elithi Apache uze wazi ukuthi ukufakwa kuphumelele.
Ikhasi olibonayo likhasi lesibambiso futhi ungayifaka esikhundleni sekhasi lewebhu lomklamo wakho.
Ukwengeza amakhasi akho wewebhu okudingeka uwagcine kufolda / var / www / html.
Ikhasi olibonayo manje libizwa ngokuthi index.html.
Ukuze uhlele leli khasi uzodinga izimvume kwifolda / var / www / html . Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokunikeza izimvume. Lena indlela yami engiyithandayo:
Vula iwindi lokugcina bese ufaka le miyalo:
i-sudo adduser www-data
sudo chown -R www-data: www-data / var / www / html
sudo chmod -R g + rwx / var / www / html
Uzodinga ukungena futhi uphinde futhi ukuze izimvume zisebenze.
05 ka-08
Indlela yokuhlola uma i-PHP ifakiwe
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlola ukuthi i-PHP ifakiwe kahle.
Ukuze wenze lokhu uvule iwindi lokugcina bese ufaka umyalo olandelayo:
sudo nano /var/www/html/phpinfo.php
Ngaphakathi komhleli we-nano faka umbhalo olandelayo:
Londoloza ifayela ngokucindezela i-CTRL no-O bese uphuma umhleli ngokucindezela i-CTRL no-X.
Vula isiphequluli sewebhu se-Firefox bese ufaka okulandelayo kubha yamakheli:
http: // localhost / phpinfo
Uma i-PHP ifakiwe kahle uzobona ikhasi elifana nelinye esithombeni ngenhla.
Ikhasi le-PHPInfo liqukethe zonke izinhlobo zolwazi kufaka phakathi amamojula we-PHP afakiwe kanye nenhlobo ye-Apache esebenzayo.
Kuyafaneleka ukugcina leli khasi litholakalayo ngenkathi ithuthuka amakhasi ukuze ubone ukuthi amamojula owudinga kumaphrojekthi akho afakiwe noma cha.
06 ka-08
Ukwethulwa kwe-MySQL Workbench
Ukuhlola i-MySQL ingafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo elula efasiteleni lokugcina:
i-mysqladmin -u isimo sempande -p
Uma ukhuthazwa iphasiwedi kuzodingeka ufake iphasiwedi yempande yomsebenzisi wezimpande ze-MySQL hhayi iphasiwedi yakho ye-Ubuntu.
Uma i-MySQL isebenza uzobona umbhalo olandelayo:
Isikhathi sokuphumula: 6269 Izinkinobho: Imibuzo emi-3: 33 Imibuzo emincane: 0 Ivula: 112 Amatafula okuqhuma: 1 Vula amatafula: 31 Imibuzo ngomzuzu wesibili: 0.005
I-MySQL ngokwayo kunzima ukuphatha kusuka emgqeni wokulayela ngakho-ke ngincoma ukufaka amathuluzi amabili ngaphezulu:
- I-MySQL Workbench
- PHPMyAdmin
Ukufaka i-MySQL Workbench uvule ukuphela bese uqhuba umyalo olandelayo:
sudo apt-get ukufaka i-mysql-workbench
Uma isofthiwe iqede ukufaka ukucindezela ikhi elikhulu (ikhi yamawindi) ekhibhodi bese uthayipha i- "MySQL" ebhokisini lokusesha.
I-icon enehlengethwa isetshenziselwa ukukhomba i-MySQL Workbench. Chofoza kulesi sithonjana uma sibonakala.
Ithuluzi lomsebenzi we-MySQL linamandla kakhulu naphezu kokuncane kancane ohlangothini oluthile.
Ibha phansi ngakwesobunxele ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe isiphi isiphakeli sakho se-MySQL ofisa ukuphatha njengala:
- Ukuhlinzeka ngesimo sevava
- Uhlu lwamaklayenti axhumano
- Lawula abasebenzisi namalungelo
- Lawula iziguquko zesistimu
- Thumela idatha
- Ngenisa idatha
Inketho yesimo sevava ikutshela ukuthi ngabe iseva isebenza yini, sekuyisikhathi eside isebenza, umthwalo wesiphakeli, inombolo yokuxhumeka kanye nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene zolwazi.
Okukhethwa kukho iklayenti kubhalisa ukuxhumana kwamanje kwisiphakeli se-MySQL.
Ngaphakathi kwabasebenzisi namalungelo ongafaka abasebenzisi abasha, shintsha amaphasiwedi bese ukhetha amalungelo abasebenzisi abanayo ngokumelene nezikimu ezihlukene zezinombolo ze database.
Ekhoneni elingezansi elingakwesokunxele lesithuluzi se-MySQL Workbench luhlu lwezinhlelo ze database. Ungangeza ngokwakho ngokuchofoza kwesokudla bese ukhetha "Yakha iSimu".
Ungakwazi ukwandisa noma iyiphi i-schema ngokuchofoza kukho ukubuka uhlu lwezinto ezifana namatafula, ukubukwa, izinqubo ezigcinwe nemisebenzi.
Ukuchofoza ngakwesokudla kwenye yezinto kuzokuvumela ukuthi udale into entsha efana netafula elisha.
Iphaneli elifanele le-MySQL Workbench yilapho wenza khona umsebenzi wangempela. Isibonelo uma udala itafula ungangezela amakholomu kanye nezinhlobo zabo zedatha. Ungase futhi wengeze izinqubo ezinikeza isifanekiso esiyisisekelo ngenqubo entsha egcinwe ngaphakathi kumhleli ukuze ungeze ikhodi yangempela.
07 ngo-08
Indlela yokufaka i-PHPMyAdmin
Ithuluzi elivamile elisetshenziselwa ukuphatha ulwazi lwami lwe-MySQL ngu-PHPMyAdmin futhi ngokufaka leli thuluzi ungaqinisekisa kanye kanye nokuthi i-Apache, i-PHP ne-MySQL isebenza kahle.
Vula iwindi lokugcina bese ufaka umyalo olandelayo:
sudo apt-get ukufaka phpmyadmin
Iwindi lizovela libuza ukuthi iyiphi i-web server oyifakile.
Okukhethwa kukho okuzenzakalelayo kakade kusethelwe ku-Apache ngakho sebenzisa ukhiye wethebhu ukugqamisa inkinobho OK bese ucindezela ukubuya.
Olunye iwindi luzovela ngokubuza ukuthi ufuna ukudala idatha ezenzakalelayo ezosetshenziswa nge-PHPMyAdmin.
Cindezela ukhiye wethebhu ukuze ukhethe okukhethwa kukho "Yebo" bese ucindezela ukubuya.
Ekugcineni uzocelwa ukuthi unikeze iphasiwedi ye-PHPMyAdmin database. Faka into ephephile ukusebenzisa noma nini lapho ungena ngemvume ku-PHPMAdAdmin.
Isofthiwe manje izofakwa futhi uzobuyiselwa ku-prompt order.
Ngaphambi kokuthi usebenzise i-PHPMyAdmin kuneminye imiyalo embalwa yokusebenza kanje:
sudo ln -s /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf
sudo a2enconf phpmyadmin.conf
sudo systemctl ulayishe kabusha i-apache2.service
Imiyalo engenhla yenza isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso sefayili ye-apache.conf kusuka kufolda / etc / phpmyadmin kufolda / etc / apache2 / conf-etholakalayo.
I-line yesibili yenza ifayela le-phpmyadmin lokucushwa ngaphakathi kwe-Apache futhi ekugcineni umugqa wokugcina uphinde uvuselele isevisi yewebhu ye-Apache.
Kuthi lokhu kusho konke kufanele manje ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-PHPMyAdmin ukuphatha ulwazi olulandelayo:
- Vula i-Firefox
- Faka http: // localhost / phpmyadmin kubha yamakheli
- Faka iphasiwedi ye-PHPMyAdmin ensimini yephasiwedi bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi "Hamba".
I-PHPMyAdmin iyithuluzi elisekelwe kuwebhu lokuphatha ulwazi lwama-MySQL.
Iphaneli lesokunxele linikeza uhlu lwezinhlelo ze database. Ukuchofoza ku-schema kwandisa i-schema ukukhombisa uhlu lwezinto ezigciniwe.
Ibha yezithonjana eziphezulu ikuvumela ukuba uphathe izici ezihlukahlukene ze-MySQL njenge:
- Yolwazi
- Umhleli we-SQL
- Isimo sesiphakeli
- Ama-akhawunti womsebenzisi
- Thumela idatha
- Ngenisa idatha
- Izilungiselelo
- Ukuphendula
- Izinguquko
- Izinhlamvu zibeka
- Ama-engines
- Ama-plugin
08 ngo-08
Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo
Manje ukuthi une-server ye-database esebenzayo ungaqala ukuyisebenzisa ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ezigcwele.
Isiqalo esihle sokufunda i-HTML, CSS, ASP, i-JavaScript ne-PHP yi-W3Schools.
Lewebhusayithi igcwele ngokugcwele ukulandela okufundiswayo eceleni kweklayenti nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu webhusekeli.
Noma ungafundile ngolwazi olujulile uzoqonda ngokwanele izinto eziyisisekelo nemigomo ukuze uhambe endleleni yakho.