Kunemiyalo emibili ewusizo kakhulu ku-Linux okukuvumela ukuba ubone ingxenye yefayela. Okokuqala kubizwa ngokuthi yinhloko futhi ngokuzenzakalelayo, kukubonisa imigqa yokuqala engu-10 efayeleni. Owesibili ngumyalo womsila okuzenzakalelayo okukuvumela ukuthi ubheke imigqa engu-10 yokugcina efayeleni.
Kungani ungathanda ukusebenzisa enye yale miyalo? Kungani ungasebenzisi nje umyalo wekati ukubuka lonke ifayela noma ukusebenzisa umhleli njenge- nano ?
Cabanga ukuthi ifayela olifundayo linamigqa angu-300,000 kuwo.
Cabanga futhi ukuthi ifayela lidla isikhala esiningi sedisk.
Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile komyalo oyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifayela ofuna ukulibuka liyifayela elifanele ngempela. Ungakwazi ukutshela uma ubheka ifayela elifanele nje ngokubona imigqa embalwa yokuqala. Ungakhetha futhi ukusebenzisa umhleli onjengo-nano ukuhlela ifayela.
Umyalo womsila uwusizo ekubukeni imigqa embalwa yokugcina yamafayela futhi kuhle kakhulu uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani efayeleni legi eligcinwe kufolda / var / log .
Lo mhlahlandlela uzokukhombisa ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani umyalo womsila kufaka phakathi zonke izinguquko ezitholakalayo.
Isibonelo Sokusetshenziswa Komyalo Wokusila
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambilini umyalo womsila ngokuzenzakalelayo ukhombisa imigqa engu-10 yokugcina yefayela.
I-syntax yomyalo womsila kanje:
umsila
Isibonelo ukubuka ilogi ye-boot yesistimu yakho ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
umsila we-sudo /var/log/boot.log
Okukhiphayo kungaba into enjengale:
* Ukuqala ukunika amandla amadivaysi okuvimbela ama-boot-time block encrypted [OK]
* Ukuqala ukulondoloza i-udev log nokubuyekeza imithetho [OK]
* Ukumisa ukulondoloza i-udev log nokubuyekeza imithetho [OK]
* inkulumo-dispatcher ivimbelwe; hlela / njll / okuzenzakalelayo / okukhulumayo-inkulumo
Izengezo ze-VirtualBox zikhutshaziwe, hhayi kuMshini Obonakalayo
i-saned ikhubazekile; hlela / njll / okuzenzakalelayo / okunezinhlanzi
* Ukubuyisela isimo se-resolver ... [OK]
* Ukumisa ukuhambisana kwe-System V runninglevel [OK]
* Ukuqala i-MDM Display Manager [Kulungile]
* Ukumisa Thumela umcimbi ozobonisa ukuthi i-plymouth iphezulu [OK]
Indlela Yokucacisa Inombolo Yezimpawu Zokubonisa
Mhlawumbe ufuna ukubona okungaphezulu kwezingu 10 zokugcina zefayela. Ungacacisa inombolo yemigqa ofuna ukuyibona usebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
umsila we-sudo -n20
Isibonelo esingenhla sizobonisa imigqa engu-20 yokugcina yefayela.
Okunye ongayisebenzisa -n ukushintsha ukuze ucacise iphuzu lokuqala efayela. Mhlawumbe wazi imigqa yokuqala engu-30 efayeleni yizimpendulo futhi ufuna nje ukubona idatha ngaphakathi kwefayela. Kulesi simo, ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
umsila we-sudo -n + 20
Umyalo womsila uvame ukusetshenziselwa eceleni komyalo owengeziwe ukuze ukwazi ukufunda ifayela ikhasi ngesikhathi.
Ngokwesibonelo:
umsila we-sudo -n + 20
| Okuningi
Umlayezo ongenhla uthumela imigqa engu-20 yokugcina kusuka kufayela lokufakelwa kanye namapayipi njengomnikelo wokufaka umyalo owengeziwe:
Ungasebenzisa futhi umyalo womsila ukukhombisa inombolo ethile ye-bytes esikhundleni kwemigqa:
umsila we-sudo -c20
Futhi ungasebenzisa inkinobho efanayo ukuqala ukubonisa kusuka enombolweni ethile ye-byte kanje:
umsila we-sudo -c + 20
Indlela Yokuqapha Ifayela Lokungena
Kunezinkripthi eziningi nezinhlelo ezingabonakali esibukweni kodwa zifaka efayeleni yelogi njengoba isebenza.
Kulesi senzakalo, ungase ufune ukuqapha ifayela logi njengoba lishintsha.
Ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo womsila ukuze uhlole ukuthi logi ishintsha kanjani imizuzwana eminingi kangaka:
umsila we-sudo -F -s20
Ungasebenzisa futhi umsila ukuqhubeka uqapha ilogi kuze kube yilapho inqubo ifa kanje:
umsila we-sudo -F -pid = 1234
Ukuthola id inqubo yenqubo ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
ps -ef | uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-grep>
Isibonelo, cabanga ukuthi uhlela ifayela usebenzisa i-nano. Ungathola i-ID yenqubo ye-nano usebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
ps -ef | i-grep nano
Okukhipha kumyalo kuzokunika i-ID yenqubo. Cabanga ukuthi inqubo ye-ID ingu-1234.
Manje ungasebenzisa umsila ngokumelene nefayela elihlelwe yi-nano usebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
umsila we-sudo -F -pid = 1234
Njalo uma ifayela ligcinwa ngaphakathi kwe-nano umyalo womsila uzothatha imigqa emisha ngezansi. Umyalo uyayeka uma umhleli we-nano ivaliwe.
Ukuzama Ukuzama Kanjani Umyalo Womsila
Uma uthola iphutha ngenkathi uzama ukugijima umyalo womsila ngoba awufinyeleleki ngesizathu esithile ungasebenzisa i-parameter yokuzama ukuqhubeka uzama kuze kutholakale ifayela.
umsila we-sudo --re-F
Lokhu kuphela kusebenza ngokuhlanganyela ne--F ukushintsha njengoba udinga ukulandela ifayela ofuna ukuzama futhi.
Isifingqo
Lo mhlahlandlela ubonisa ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile komyalo womsila.
Ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngomyalo womsila ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
umsila womuntu
Uzobona ukuthi ngifake i- sudo ngaphakathi kwemithetho eminingi. Lokhu kudingekile kuphela lapho ungenayo izimvume njengomsebenzisi wakho ojwayelekile ukubuka ifayela futhi udinga izimvume eziphakeme.