I-Samba ubuchwepheshe bamakhasimende / iseva obusebenzisa ukwabiwa kwemithombo yenethiwekhi kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza. Nge-Samba, amafayela namaphrinta angabelwa kuwo wonke amakhasimende we-Windows, Mac kanye ne-Linux / UNIX.
Ukusebenza komgogodla we-Samba kuvela ekusebenziseni kwalo umyalezo we-Server Message Block (SMB). I-SMB iklayenti- nokusekelwa kwesokunxele se-server kuhlanganiswa nazo zonke izinguqulo zesimanje ze-Microsoft Windows, i-Linux distribution, kanye ne-Apple Mac OSX. Isofthiwe evulekile ingatholakala nakwi-samba.org. Ngenxa yokungafani kobuchwepheshe phakathi kwalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, ubuchwepheshe buyinkimbinkimbi.
Yikuphi i-Samba engayenza kuwe
I-Samba ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ku- intranet noma amanye amanethiwekhi wangasese, isibonelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Samba zingadlulisa amafayela phakathi kwesiphakeli se-Linux namakhasimende we-Windows noma ama-Mac (noma ngokuphambene nalokho). Noma ubani osebenzisa amaseva we-Web asebenza nge- Apache ne-Linux angase acabange ukusebenzisa iSamba esikhundleni se- FTP ukuze aphathe okuqukethwe kwesikhasi seWebhu kude. Ngaphandle kokudluliselwa okulula, amaklayenti we-SMB angenza futhi izibuyekezo zefayela ezikude.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Samba kusuka ku-Windows ne-Linux Clients
Abasebenzisi be-Windows bavame ukufaka imephu yokushayela ukwabelana ngamafayela phakathi kwamakhompyutha. Ngezinsiza ze-Samba ezisebenza kwi-Linux noma i-Unix iseva, abasebenzisi beWindows bangasebenzisa izakhiwo ezifanayo ukufinyelela lawo mafayili noma amaprinta. Amasheya e-Unix angafinyelelwa kusuka kumakhasimende akwa-Windows ngokusebenzisa iziphequluli zesistimu yokusebenza njenge- Windows Explorer , Network Neighborhood , ne- Internet Explorer .
Ukukwabelana kwedatha ngendlela ehlukile kusebenza ngokufanayo. Uhlelo lwe-Unix smbclient lusekela ukuphequlula nokuxhuma kuma-Windows amasheya. Isibonelo, ukuxhuma ku-C $ kwikhompyutha yeWindows okuthiwa louiswu, thayipha lokhu okulandelayo ku-promx umyalelo we-Unix
smbclient \\\\ louiswu \\ c $ -Ugama lomsebenzisilapho igama lomsebenzisi liyigama le-akhawunti ye-Windows NT evumelekile. (I-Samba izokwenzela iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti uma kunesidingo.)
I-Samba isebenzisa izindlela ze- Universal Naming Convention (UNC) zokubhekisela kubanikazi bezinethiwekhi. Ngenxa yokuthi amagobolondo omyalo we-Unix avame ukuhumusha izinhlamvu zokubuyela emuva ngendlela ekhethekile, khumbula ukuthayipha izimpendulo eziphindaphindiwe njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla uma usebenza no-Samba.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Samba Evela kumakhasimende we-Apple Mac
Inketho yokwabelana ngefayela ekukwabelaneni I-pane ye-Mac System Preferences ikuvumela ukuba uthole ama-Windows namanye ama-Samba amaklayenti. I-Mac OSX iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufinyelela la maklayenti nge-SMB iphinde ibuyele eminye imigomo uma iSamba ingasebenzi. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi bheka kanjani ukuxhuma nge-Shared Sharing ku-Mac yakho.
Izidingo zokuhlela i-Samba
Ku-Microsoft Windows, amasevisi we-SMB akhiwe ngamasevisi ohlelo lokusebenza. Insizakalo yenethiwekhi yeseva (itholakale ngeTebhansela Yokulawula / Inethiwekhi, Amasevisi Wezinsizakalo) inikeza ukusekelwa kwe-SMB yeseva ngenkathi isevisi yenethiwekhi yomsebenzi inikeza ukusekelwa kwekhasimende le-SMB, Qaphela ukuthi i-SMB idinga futhi i- TCP / IP ukuze isebenze.
Kwiseva ye-Unix, izinqubo ezimbili ze-daemon, i-smbd, ne-nmbd, unikezela konke ukusebenza kwe-Samba. Ukuze unqume ukuthi ngabe i-Samba okwamanje isebenza, kuhlobo lwe-Unix umyalo we-prompt
i-ps ax | i-grep mbd | Okuningifuthi qinisekisa ukuthi kokubili smbd kanye nmbd kuvela ohlwini lwenqubo.
Qala futhi umise amademoni e-Samba ngendlela ejwayelekile ye-Unix:
/etc/rc.d/init.d/smb qala /etc/rc.d/init.d/sm stopI-Samba isekela ifayela lokumisa, i-smb.conf. Imodeli ye-Samba ngokwezifiso imininingwane efana namagama wabelana, izindlela zokuqondisa, ukulawula ukufinyelela, nokufaka ukungena kuhilela ukuhlela leli fayela lombhalo bese uqala kabusha ama-daemon. I-smd.conf encane (okwanele ukwenza iseva ye-Unix ibonakale kunethiwekhi) ibukeka kanje
; I-akhawunti yezindwendwe encane /etc/smd.conf [yezwe] = iqembu lokusebenzela elivulekile = i-NETGROUPAmanye ama-Gotchas okufanele uwacabangele
I-Samba isekela inketho yokubethela amaphasiwedi, kodwa lesi sici singavulwa kwezinye izimo. Lapho usebenza namakhompyutha axhunyiwe kumanethiwekhi angaphephile, qaphela ukuthi amaphasiwedi we-text plain anikezwa uma usebenzisa i-smbclient ingabonwa kalula yi- sniffer yenethiwekhi .
Igama lezinkinga ze- mangling lingaba khona uma udlulisa amafayela phakathi kwe-Unix ne-Windows computer. Ngokuyinhloko, amagama efayela afakwe ecaleni elihlangene ohlelweni lwefayela le-Windows angaba amagama kuwo wonke ama-lowercase uma ekopishwa ohlelweni lwe-Unix. Amafayili amaningi kakhulu angahle athole amagama amfushane kuncike kumasistimu amafayela (isib. I-Windows FAT endala) isetshenziswa.
I-Unix ne-Windows izinhlelo zenza ukuphela kwe-line (EOL) umhlangano we-ASCII umbhalo wamafayela ngokuhlukile. I-Windows isebenzisa ukulandelana kwezinhlamvu ezimbili zokubuya komzila / ulayini (CRLF), kuyilapho i Unix isebenzisa umlingisi owodwa (i-LF). Ngokungafani nephakheji le-Unix mtools, i-Samba ayenzi ukuguqulwa kwe-EOL ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwefayela. Amafayela wombhalo we-Unix (afana namakhasi e-HTML) avela njengomugqa owodwa omude owodwa wombhalo uma udluliselwa kukhompyutha ye-Windows ne-Samba.
Isiphetho
Ubuchwepheshe be-Samba bukhona iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 futhi buqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa ngezinguqulo ezintsha ezikhishwe njalo. Izinhlelo ezimbalwa ze-software ziye zajabulela ukuphila okunjalo okude isikhathi eside. Ukuqina kwe-Samba kufakazela indima yayo njengeteknoloji ebalulekile uma isebenza kumanethiwekhi angenakuqhathaniswa afaka phakathi amaseva we-Linux noma i Unix. Ngenkathi iSamba engeke ibe yikhokhnoloji evamile ukuthi umthengi ajwayelekile kudingeka aqonde, ulwazi lwe-SMB no-Samba luwusizo kubasebenzi be-IT nabasebenzi bezinethiwekhi zebhizinisi.