Okudingayo ukwazi mayelana nokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber nokuthi ungawavimbela kanjani
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber kungathatha amafomu ahlukahlukene ekunciphiseni ulwazi lomuntu siqu ukuze athole ukulawula kwamakhompyutha futhi afune isihlengo - ngokuvamile esikhokhelwa ngendlela ye- cryptocurrency - ukukhulula lolawulo. Futhi isizathu sokuhlasela lokhu kusakazeka ngokushesha ngoba kungase kube nzima ukubona.
Indlela ukuhlasela kwe-Cyber kwenzeka ngayo
Ukuqonda izinsongo ze-cyber nokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kuphela ingxenye yolwazi oludingekayo ukuze uzivikele. Kumele futhi wazi ukuthi ukuhlasela kwe-cyber kwenzeka kanjani. Ukuhlaselwa okuningi kuyinhlanganisela yamaqhinga we-semantic asetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-syntactically noma, ngokwemibandela elula, umzamo wokushintsha ukuziphatha komsebenzisi wekhompyutha ngokusebenzisa amaqhinga amakhompyutha amasha.
Isibonelo, ama- e-ma-phishing e-e-ma-phishing ashiwo ngezansi. Kokubili ubunjiniyela bezenhlalo kanye nohlobo lwe-software yokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber - amagciwane noma izibungu - zisetshenziselwa ukukukhohlisa ekuhlinzekeni ulwazi noma ukulanda ifayela elitshala ikhodi kwikhompyutheni yakho ukweba imininingwane yakho. Noma iyiphi yalezi zindlela ingachazwa njengokuhlasela kwe-cyber.
Ukuthi ukuhlasela kwe-Cyber kubukeka kanjani
Ngakho, ukuhlasela kwe-cyber kubonakala kanjani? Kungaba umyalezo obonakala uvela ebhange lakho noma inkampani yekhadi lesikweletu. Kubonakala sengathi iphuthumayo futhi ihlanganisa isixhumanisi sokuchofoza. Kodwa-ke, uma ubheka eduze i-imeyili, ungathola izinkomba ezingahle zingabi ngokoqobo.
Hlanganisa i-pointer yakho phezu kwesixhumanisi ( kodwa ungayichofoli ), bese ubheka ikheli lewebhu elibonisa noma ngaphezulu kwesixhumanisi noma engxenyeni engezansi kwesokunxele kwesikrini sakho. Ingabe lokho kuxhumanisa kubukeka kwangempela, noma ingabe iqukethe ama-gibberish, noma amagama ahlobene nebhange lakho? I-imeyili ingabuye ibe ne-typos noma ibonakale sengathi ibhaliwe ngumuntu okhuluma isiNgisi njengolimi lwesibili.
Enye indlela ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kwenzeka khona uma ulanda ifayela eliqukethe ikhodi enonya, ngokuvamile i-worm noma i-Trojan horse. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokulanda amafayela e-mail, kodwa kungenzeka futhi uma ulanda ama-apps, amavidiyo, namafayela womculo ku-intanethi. Izinsizakalo eziningi zokwabelana ngefayela lapho ungalanda khona amabhuku, ama-movie, imibukiso yethelevishini, umculo, nemidlalo yamahhala, ngokuvamile ihloselwe izigebengu. Bazolayisha amafayela amafayela anesifo abonakala sengathi yilokho okucelayo, kodwa uma nje uvula ifayela, ikhompyutha yakho isulelekile futhi igciwane, imbungu, noma ihhashi leThrojani liqala ukusakazeka.
Ukuvakashela amasayithi we-intanethi onegciwane kungenye indlela yokuthatha zonke izinhlobo zokusongela kwe-cyber. Futhi inkinga ngamasayithi anegciwane ngukuthi ngokuvamile ibukeka sengathi i-slick ne-professional njengezingosi ezivumelekile zewebhu. Awusoli ngisho nokusola ukuthi ikhompyutha yakho isulele uma ushaya isayithi noma wenza ukuthenga.
Ukuqonda izinsongo ze-Cyber
Enye yezinsiza ezinkulu kakhulu zokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber ukuziphatha komuntu. Ngisho nokuvikeleka kwakamuva, okunamandla kakhulu akukwazi ukukuvikela uma uvula umnyango futhi uvumele isigebengu singene. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinsongo zokusakaza i-cyber, ukuthi ungabheka kanjani ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka, nokuthi uzivikele kanjani.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber kungahlukaniswa zibe amabhakede amabili ajwayelekile: ukuhlaselwa kwe-syntactic nokuhlaselwa kwe-semantic.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber
Ukuhlaselwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene kuyinhlobo ehlukile yesofthiwe enonya ehlasela ikhompyutha yakho ngokusebenzisa iziteshi ezihlukahlukene.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zesofthiwe esetshenziselwa ukuhlaselwa kwe-syntactic zihlanganisa:
- Ama-Virus: I- virus iyinxenye yesofthiwe engakwazi ukuzihlanganisa nakwezinye ifayela noma uhlelo lokuzala. Lolu hlobo lwesofthiwe luvame ukutholakala ekulandeleni ifayela kanye nezinamathiselo ze-imeyili. Uma ulanda okunamathiselwe noma uqala ukulanda, igciwane liyasebenza, liphindaphinda, futhi lizithumela kuwo wonke umuntu efayeleni lakho loxhumana nabo.
- Imivimbo: Izinambuzane azidingi enye ifayela noma uhlelo lokuphindaphinda nokusabalalisa. Lezi zinsimbi ezincane zesofthiwe nazo ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zingakwazi ukuqoqa nokuthumela idatha endaweni ecacisiwe besebenzisa ulwazi mayelana nenethiwekhi. Isibungu siphelela ikhompyutha lapho sithunyelwa ngezinye izingxenye zesofthiwe kunethiwekhi. Yingakho amabhizinisi avame ukuhlushwa ukuhlasela okukhulu kwe-cyber, ngoba imbungu idlulisa nge-inethiwekhi.
- Amahhashi iTrojan: Njengamahhashi eThrojani asetshenziswa amaGreki eHarry War, ihhashi le-trojan yama- cyber libukeka njengento engenangqondo, kodwa empeleni lifihle okuthile okungajabulisi. Ihhashi le-trojan lingase libe i-imeyili elibukeka sengathi livela enkampanini ethembekile, lapho eqinisweni, ithunyelwe yizigebengu noma abadlali ababi.
Ukuhlaselwa Kwama-cyber Semantic
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Semantic kungaphezulu kokushintsha umbono noma ukuziphatha komuntu noma inhlangano ehlaselwa. Kukhona ukugxila okuncane okubekwe kwisofthiwe ehilelekile.
Isibonelo, ukuhlaselwa kwe-phishing uhlobo lokuhlasela kwe-semantic. I-Phishing ivela uma umlingisi omubi ethumela ama-imeyili ezama ukuqoqa ulwazi kumamukeli. I-e-mail ngokuvamile ibonakala ivela kwinkampani owenza ibhizinisi futhi ithi i-akhawunti yakho iye yahlehliswa. Uyalwa ukuba uchofoze ngesixhumanisi bese unikeza ulwazi oluthile ukuqinisekisa i-akhawunti yakho.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Phishing kungahle kwenziwe nge-software, futhi kungabandakanya izimpethu noma amagciwane, kodwa ingxenye enkulu yalezi zinhlobo zokuhlaselwa yi-engineering social - umzamo wokushintsha ukuziphatha komuntu uma uphendula ema-imeyili. Ubunjiniyela bezenhlalakahle buhlanganisa izindlela ezimbili zokuhlaselwa kanye nezokufundisa.
Kunjalo nakwe-ransomware , uhlobo lokuhlaselwa lapho ikhodi encane ithatha isistimu yekhompiyutha yabasebenzisi (noma inethiwekhi yenkampani) bese ifuna ukukhokha, ngendlela ye-cryptocurrency, noma imali ye-digital, ukuze kukhishwe inethiwekhi. I-Ransomware ivame ukubhekiswe kuma-enterprises, kodwa ingabhekiswa kubantu ngabanye uma izilaleli zikhulu ngokwanele.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kunomshini wokubulala, okuyinto indlela yekhompyutha engamisa umsebenzi wokuhlaselwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kuthatha izinkampani zokuphepha isikhathi-noma kuphi kusuka emahoreni kuya kwezinsuku - emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kutholakala ukuthola inkinobho yokubulala. Yilokho kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye izihlaselwa zifinyelele inamba enkulu yezisulu kanti ezinye zifinyelela ezimbalwa kuphela.
Indlela Yokuzivikela Ekuhlaselweni Kwama-Cyber
Kubonakala sengathi ukuhlasela kwe-cyber okukhulu kwenzeka nsuku zonke e-US Ngakho-ke, uzivikela kanjani? Ungase ungakholelwa, kodwa ngaphandle kokuthi ube ne-firewall enhle ne-antivirus efakiwe, kunezindlela ezithile ezilula zokuqinisekisa ukuthi awunaki isisulu sokuhlasela kwe-cyber:
- Gcina izimfihlo zakho, yimfihlo. Ungabelani ngolwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu ku-intanethi ngaphandle uma uqiniseka ukuthi usebenza nesayithi eliphephile. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokutshela ukuthi isayithi iphephile noma cha ukubuka i- "s" ku-URL (noma ikheli lewebhu) lesayithi ovakashelayo. Isayithi elingaphephile lizoqala nge-http: // ngenkathi indawo ephephile izoqala nge-http s : //.
- Ungacindezeli nje. Ungachofozi izixhumanisi ema-imeyili. Ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi uyazi ukuthi i-imeyili ivelaphi. Futhi, ungalandi amafayela. Okuwukuphela kwalesi simiso ukuthi ngabe ulindele ukuthi othile akuthumelele isixhumanisi noma ifayela. Uma ukhulume nabo ezweni langempela futhi wazi ukuthi isixhumanisi sizohola noma yini ifayela elizoyiqukatha, khona-ke kulungile. Kuzo zonke izimo, nje ungachofozi. Uma uthola i-imeyili evela ebhange noma kwikhamphani yekhadi lesikweletu eyenza uzibuze, vala i-imeyili bese uthayipha ibhange noma ikheli lekampani yekhadi lesikweletu ngqo kwisiphequluli sakho sewebhu. Kungcono nakakhulu, shayela inkampani bese ubabuza ngomlayezo.
- Gcina uhlelo lwakho lusesikhathini. Abaqaphi bangaphila ama-computer aphelelwe yisikhathi futhi angazange abe nezibuyekezo zokuphepha noma ama-patches afakwe isikhathi eside. Baye bafunda izindlela zokuthola ikhompyutha yakho, futhi uma ungafaki izibuyekezo noma izivikelo zokuphepha, uvula umnyango futhi uzivakashele. Uma ungavumela izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo kwikhompyutha yakho, yenze. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke yenza umkhuba ukufaka ngokushesha izibuyekezo nama-patches ngokushesha uma ukwaziswa ukuthi ziyatholakala. Ukugcina isistimu yakho kusesimweni yisinye sezikhali zakho eziphumelela kakhulu ngokumelene nokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber.
- Njalo ube nesipele. Uma konke okuhlulekayo, ukuba ne-backup kuwo wonke amafayela akho kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungabuyela esimweni esivamile. Ukubusa kwesithupha kungukuthi kufanele udale isipele noma nini lapho wenza ushintsho kwikhompyutha yakho, njengokungeza uhlelo olusha noma izilungiselelo zokushintsha, noma okungenani kanye ngesonto. I-backup kufanele futhi igcinwe ihlukile kwikhompyutha yakho. Buyela amafayela akho kuze kube ifu noma i-hard drive ekhishwayo, uma ngabe idatha yakho iphela ngokubethelwa, ungabuyisela kuphela kusuka kusilondolozi sakho futhi ulungile.