Kusukela kokudlala amakhadi ukuya ku-Nintendo Switch
Ukubusa kukaNintendo Corporation embonini yemidlalo akuzange kuqale ngegeyimu ye-Super Mario Bros noma ikhonsoli yabo yokudlala yevidiyo yokuqala. Ngokweqiniso ukuthi base bevele bezenzele njengenkampani yemidlalo yemidlalo cishe eminyakeni engama-70 ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe umdlalo wevidiyo wokuqala. Akukhona kuphela ukuthi iNintendo ibuyisela ukukhishwa kwemidlalo yevidiyo ngemuva kokushona komkhakha ka-1983 , kodwa baqala ukuzibeka ekhulwini le-19 lapho bebuyisela ukudumile kwemidlalo yamakhadi eJapane.
Umlando we-Nintendo
Ngesikhathi iJapane inqamula ubudlelwane bayo neWestern World ngo-1633 kwakuvinjelwe wonke amakhadi okudlala angaphandle njengoba bekhuthaza ukugembula okungemthetho. Ukudlala amakhadi kwakuthandwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi (ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokugembula) ngakho-ke akubanga nje isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba amaJapane aqale ukudala imidlalo yabo yekhadi elikhulile ekhaya. Okuqala kwalokhu kwaklanyelwe umdlalo okuthiwa u-Unsun Karuta, kodwa ekugcineni umdlalo waqala futhi ukusetshenziselwa uhlobo lokugembula, ngakho-ke uhulumeni wawavinjelwa nabo. I-volley yemidlalo yamakhadi amasha, elandelwa ukuvinjelwa kukahulumeni okulandelayo kwabuya emuva nangaphezulu ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka elizayo.
Ekugcineni ngekhulu le-19 umdlalo omusha wekhadi, i-Hanafuda, wasungulwa okwakusetshenziswa izithombe esikhundleni sezinombolo, okwenze kube nzima ukugembula. Uhulumeni ukhululekile imithetho yawo ngokudlala amakhadi avumela amakhadi aseHanafuda ukuba athengiswe. Ngeshwa ukuvinjelwa kwemidlalo yamakhadi kanye nokuntuleka kokugembula kuthatha umonakalo futhi umdlalo omusha wekhadi wathola impendulo yokungahambi kahle, kuze kube yilapho usomabhizinisi omncane, uFusajiro Yamauchi , efika endaweni yesehlakalo.
Ngabe i-Nintendo yasungulwa nini?
Ngo-1889, uFusajiro Yamauchi oneminyaka engu-29 ubudala wavula iminyango enkampanini yakhe uNintendo Koppai, eyakha amakhadi kaHanfuda ezenziwe ngemidwebo emakhadini avela emgodini wesihlahla sikamberry. UFusajiro uthengise amakhadi ezitolo ezimbili zeNintendo Koppai. Ikhwalithi yobuciko nomklamo yenza uHanfuda udume kakhulu futhi wabeka iNintendo njengenkampani ephezulu yokudlala yaseJapane.
Ngonyaka ofanayo uFusajiro waqala uNintendo Koppai, uhulumeni waseJapane wabeka ukhetho lokuqala oluyinhloko lweNdlu yabaMamele baseJapane futhi wamisa uMthethosisekelo woMbuso waseJapan, obizwa ngokuthi uMthethosisekelo waseMeiji. Lezi zinguquko zikahulumeni ziholela ekubuyiselweni kwemithetho eminingi ehlanganisa ukuphumula ukuvinjelwa kwezinhlobo eziningi zokudlala amakhadi. Njengoba iNintendo kwakuyinkampani yamakhadi ethandwa kakhulu bakwazi ukukhulisa ngokushesha kunanoma yimuphi umncintiswano.
Ukuziphendukela Kwemidlalo Yemidlalo Kuthola Ukuthola
Eminyakeni engu-40 eyalandela, ngaphansi kweFusajiro Yamauchi tutelage, uNintendo Koppai wasala inkampani ekhadini eliphezulu eJapane njengoba eqhubeka enezela imidlalo ethandwa kakhulu kanye nokuqamba amaningana eyabo. Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engu-70 ubudala, uFusajiro washiya umhlalaphansi kanti umkhwenyana wakhe owayengumkakhe uSeryo Kaneda (owaguqula igama lakhe nguSekiryo Yamauchi) wathatha ibhizinisi ngo-1929.
Ngemuva kokuqhubeka nokuqhuba inkampani njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wekhadi laseJapane, u-Sekiryo wazama ukwandisa inkampani futhi wamisa ukuhlanganyela okubambe iqhaza ekwakheni inkampani yama-Yamauchi Nintendo & Company ngo-1933, futhi wakha umthengisi wemidlalo yekhadi okuthiwa i-Marufuku Company, Ltd Lezi zinkampani ezimbili waqhubeka nokwandisa ibhizinisi libe yiqhawe elikhulu. Ngemva kokuqhuba inkampani iminyaka engu-20, u-Sekiryo wabhekana nesifo sohlangothi ngo-1949 wamphoqa ukuba ashiye umhlalaphansi. U-Sekiryo ucele umzukulu wakhe uHiroshi Yamauchi, owayesesikoleni esikoleni ngaleso sikhathi, wamcela ukuba athathe ibhizinisi lomndeni.
Ukuba ngumengameli omusha we-Yamauchi Nintendo & Company kwakuyisikhathi esibuhlungu ku-Hiroshi, owayeka ukuphuma esikoleni eneminyaka engu-21 ukuze athathe ibhizinisi lomndeni. Ukuntula kwakhe okuhlangenwe nakho kwakubangela ukucasuka phakathi kwabasebenzi baseNintendo, kulandelwa isiteleka sebhizinisi. U-Hiroshi washaqeka wonke umuntu ngokudubula bonke abasebenzi ababemdlulile futhi bamisa izinqubomgomo ezintsha ezifuna ukuthi zonke izinto ezikhona kanye nokuzibandakanya ukuze kukhishwe kuqala yedwa. Washintsha igama lenkampani kuNintendo Karuta futhi abuyele kuNintendo Company Ltd. Ngokumangazayo uHiroshi waqala ukuqhubela phambili ngokuphumelelayo. Bahlanganisa:
- Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwamakhadi okudlala entshonalanga, ayengazange athengiswe eJapane kusukela avinjelwe ngo-1633.
- I-deal yokuqala yokulayisensa yamakhadi egeyimu eJapane ne-Disney Company. Ukuphumelela okukhulu, izinhlamvu ze-Disney zivezwe kuma-card of cards oklanyelwe imidlalo yeqembu kanye nomndeni.
- Kuthathe inkampani emphakathini emakethe yesitoko samaJapane.
Ekugcineni uHroshi wanquma ukwandisa inkampani emakethe ehlobene non-game okuhlanganisa service wetekisi, amahhotela, ngisho imboni yokudla, konke okuhlulekile. Lokhu kuhlangene nokuphahlazeka emakethe yamakhadi wegeyimu kubangele ukungabi nosedive kuNintendo inzuzo. Ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa okukhulu kweNintendo yenkampani engozini yokulimala.
I-Ultra Hand yenza i-Nintendo i-Toy Company
Ekuvakashelweni komzila wokukhiqiza umdlalo we-Nintendo we-Nintendo, uHiroshi waphawula ukuthi unogada wezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphansi ogama lakhe linguGupepei Yokoi edlala ngendwangu ephakanyisiwe ayakhele yona. U-Hiroshi wamangala ngendwangu yokukhulisa futhi wasiyala ngokushesha ekukhiqizeni okubizwa ngokuthi i-Urutora Hando aka Ultra Hand.
I-Ultra Hand yaba yimpumelelo esheshayo futhi isinqumo senziwe ukuguqulwa kwe-Nintendo kumkhiqizi wesitokisi. U-Yokoi uthuthelwe kusuka kwesondlo waya enhloko yeMidlalo nokusetha okwakuqondisa ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo. Ukubambisana kuka Yokoi no-Hiroshi kuzobusa uNintendo ukuba abuye abe yisiqhingi esikhulu, okwakungenza uHiroshi abe ngumuntu ocebile kakhulu eJapane, kodwa ekugcineni u-Yokoi.
Ngenkathi imakethe yaseJapane yokudoba isivele ilawulwa yizinkampani ezisemthethweni ezifana noTomy Co noBandi, idijithali ye-Gunpei Yokoi yobunjiniyela yayisiqondisa iNintendo ezweni elivelayo lamathoyizi kagesi . Lezi zinto zokudlala ze-elekthronikhi, zonke ezakhiwe ngu-Yokoi, zazidume kakhulu futhi zavumela uNintendo ukuba ahlukanise niche yawo emakethe yokudlala. Ngokushesha uNintendo wakha ukuhlanganiswa okuhlangene ne-Sony Corporation ukuthuthukisa imidlalo ye-electronic, eyokuqala eyayibizwa nge-Nintendo Beam Gun Game, inguqulo yekhaya ye-arcade gun gun games.
Umlando wegeyimu wevidiyo ye-Nintendo & # 39;
Ngo-1972 iphrojekthi yokuhlolwa kwezempi yase-US, i-Brown Box project yatholwa umphakathi waseMelika njengendlela yokuqala ye-video game console ebizwa nge- Magnavox Odyssey . Ebona ukuthi kungenzeka yini izinyathelo ezilandelayo emidlalweni ye-elekthronikhi, uNintendo wenza i-foray yokuqala emhlabeni wezemidlalo yevidiyo ngo-1975 ngokuthola ilungelo lokusabalalisa lika-Odyssey laseJapane. Le makethe entsha futhi ethakazelisayo yayikhula ekuthandeni futhi ngokuphumelela okulinganiselayo kwe-Odyssey Nintendo yaqala ukuthuthukisa imidlalo yabo kanye nezintuthuzelo ngeSystem TV Game amasistimu .
Umzila weMidlalo we-TV TV wezincomo zasendlini waqala ngo-1977 nge-Color TV Game 6, i-console ezinikezele equkethe imidlalo eyisithupha ehlelwe ngaphambilini eyenzelwe ngendlela efanayo ne -Pong ye-mega . Ethuthukiswe ngokulingana okuncane, uhlelo lubonise isayinwe ngesithembiso futhi ngo-1978 uNintendo walandela i-Color TV Game 15, enye i-console ezinikezele, lona unomklamo okhululekile nemidlalo eyisishiyagalolunye (zonke izinhlobo ze-Pong). Kulo nyaka uNintendo wadedela umdlalo wabo wokuqala wevidiyo owenzelwe i-Arcades ebizwa ngokuthi i-Computer Othello. Nakuba impumelelo, i-Computer Othello ayizange ikhishwe ngaphandle kweJapane.
Futhi ngo-1977, umfundi wesayensi yezobuciko osanda kuqeda uShigeru Miyamoto , ngobudlelwane bukayise noMengameli weNintendo u-Hiroshi Yamauchi, waqashwa njengomculi woMnyango wezokuhlela uNintendo. U-Miyamoto uzobe esengumqeqeshi u-Gunpei Yokoi futhi ekugcineni abe omunye wabadlali abaluleke kakhulu emdlalweni wegeyimu yevidiyo, edala izindawo ezithandwayo kakhulu zeNintendo futhi efunwa ngokuthi "Ubaba Wemiidlalo Yemidlalo Yanamuhla."
Igeyimu ye-Nintendo e-US
Ngomsebenzi we-80s ukhula ngesilinganiso esesabekayo seNintendo kokubili ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Uhlelo lwe-Color TV Games lwalumthengisi ohlala njalo njengoba kwakunjalo ikhathalogi ye-coin-op arcade. Ibhizinisi lakhula laze laqala ukuvula amahhovisi emakethe yabo amabili, enkulukazi, e-United States, eyibiza ngeNintendo of America (NOA).
Enye yezintandokazi ezithandwa kakhulu ze-Nintendo e-Japan okuthiwa i-Radar Scope, yabonisa isithembiso esithile e-United States ngokususelwa ekuhlolweni kwangaphambili, ngakho-ke inani elikhulu lamayunithi lenziwa iNintendo of America. Lapho lo mdlalo ukhululiwe ngokugcwele kwakuyi-flop enkulu, ukuphoqelela ama-unit angadingeki kanye nokulahlekelwa okungaba yingozi ezindleleni zokuqoqa.
Ngesifiso sokufakazela amakhono akhe okuklama imidwebo, uMiyamoto wanikezwa isabelo sokuthuthukisa umdlalo usebenzisa i-Radar Scope injini kanye ne-tech ekwazi ukuguqulwa kalula kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingaphezu kwamanani angeziwe. Ngesabelomali esincane kakhulu uMiyamoto wadala uDonkey Kong . Amayunithi asheshe ashintshwe e-Kong futhi yaba yimpumelelo yomlando osheshayo. Lokhu kwakha uMyamyamoto engumkhiqizi womdlalo we-Nintendo kanye nomthelela omkhulu emakethe ye-arcade yemali.
Igeyimu yokuqala ye-Nintendo Game
Njengoba i-protegé Miyamoto idutshulwa uNintendo empini, uGagpei Yokoi wayesebenzela kabusha imakethe yemidlalo yekhaya ekhaya. Ngemva kokubona ukuthi umuntu webhizinisi uhlambalaza nge-calculator ukuze azithokozise esitimeleni sezindiza, u-Yoko waphefumulelwa ukuba asebenzise ubuchwepheshe obunjalo bokubala ukusetha umugqa wegeyimu yevidiyo ephathekayo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Nintendo Game & Watch (lokhu kuzogcina kube isihlobo esikude ne- GameBoy , esizofika kamuva).
Le midlalo ye-LCD ephathekayo ifaka ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bokubukwa njengababalawuli, kuphela ngezinhlamvu ze-graphics ezizenzayo nezinhloso esikhundleni sezinombolo. Ngaphambili nezizinda zangaphambili eziprintiwe ezipakiwe, ihluzo ezilinganiselwe-ezifakiwe zingahanjiswa ngumdlali ngezinkinobho zokulawula ezihlangothini eziphambene zeskrini. Ukuklama kwenkinobho yokunyakaza kuzogcina kuguqukele emklomelo we- Emmy D-Pad (ongase ukwazi ukuthi ungumlawuli wezemidlalo ). Njengoba bekhula ekuthandeni, imiklamo ye-Game & Watch yanda ibe izikrini ezimbili, ezifana neNintendo DS yanamuhla.
I-Game ne-Watch yayingumgogodla futhi maduzane izinkampani eziningi zokudlala zikhulula imidlalo yazo ye-LCD ephathekayo. Ngisho nasezikhundleni zeSoviet Union zezihloko zegeyimu ne-Watch ziphakanyisiwe, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi iNintendo ayivunyelwe ukuthengisa imikhiqizo yabo ngaphakathi kwemingcele ye-USSR. Ngokudabukisayo umdlalo we-Netendo owuthandwa kakhulu yiTetris, uzokwakhiwa yi-Soviet engumshini wekhompyutha u-Alexey Pajitnov.
Imidlalo ye-Super Mario Bros
Ngemuva kokubona impumelelo kanye nokuhleleka kwesistimu ye-console ene-cartridges engaguquguquki, iNintendo ithuthukise uhlelo lwayo lokudlala lwe-cartridge yokuqala ngo-1983, i-8-bit Famicom (ihumusha kumakhompiyutha omndeni), okwethula amageyimu wekhwalithi eduze kwe-arcade ngamandla amaningi kakhulu inkumbulo kunanoma iyiphi i-console yangaphambili emakethe.
Ekuqaleni uhlelo olukhishwe eJapane lube nemiphumela engaphumeleli, kodwa ngokushesha lwabanjwa lapho uMiyamoto eveza umdlalo owathatha uMatrus Bros wakhe odumile ukuze abe nesitayela esisha se-multi-level adventure: Super Mario Bros. Umdlalo wawuyimpumelelo enkulu kangangokuthi uNintendo washeshe wasithatha ngesistimu ye-Famicom, eyayiqhuba ukuthengisa kwe-console njengoba abathengi bathenga nje ukuze badlale umdlalo. Lokhu futhi kwaqala umlando omude kaNintendo wokupakisha imidlalo yabo ethandwayo kanye nezintandokazi zabo zakamuva.
I-Nintendo ibona i-boom emakethe yemidlalo yevidiyo eJapane, kodwa imakethe yezemidlalo yase-US yayisimo esiyingozi. Njengoba i- Atari yayingenayo indlela yokuvimbela iziqu ezingenayo imvume kusukela eklanyelwe uhlelo lwazo, i- Atari 2600 , imakethe yase-US yayigcwele izikhukhula nemidlalo engalungile. Lokho kwenza ukuba yonke imboni ihlupheke ngenxa yedumela elibi.
Ekuqaleni uNintendo wasondela ku-Atari ukusabalalisa i-Famicom e-US, kodwa igazi elibi lalingenesikhathi seminyaka yokuncintisana ngakho uNintendo wajika waya kuSears, owasekela ekuqaleni i-Atari 2600 emakethe. Njengoba ukudayiswa kwegeyimu yevidiyo ye-video futhi kutholakale izimpahla ze-Atari 2600 ezingenakuqondakala, iSears nayo yadlula. Ekupheleni kuka-1983, imakethe yemidlalo ye-video yase - US yaphahlazeka yabangela iningi labadlali abakhulu ukuba baphume kwebhizinisi.
Ukuvuka kweNintendo Entertainment System
Njengoba beqiniseka ukuthi uhlelo lwabo lungahle luqhubekele emakethe yase-US, uNintendo wenza amalungiselelo okukhulula i-Famicom e-US ngokwayo, eqikelela ngokukhethekile ukufunda ukwehluleka kuka-Atari. Njengoba abathengi base-US bevaliwe ukuxhunyaniswa kwesistimu yegeyimu yevidiyo, ukucabanga ngezihloko eziphezulu ezikhishwe ngaphambilini, iNintendo iqambe kabusha i-Famicom njengeNintendo Entertainment System (NES), futhi uyihlele kabusha ukuze ubukeke njengengxenye yendawo yokuzijabulisa.
Ukuze uvimbele ezinye izinkampani ekukhipha imidlalo engagunyaziwe nephansi, iNintendo ithuthukise inqubo yokukhiya ye-10NES evimbela imidlalo engavunyelwe ukusebenza kusukela ohlelweni. Baye bahlela i-Nintendo Seal Quality ukuze babonise imidlalo egunyaziwe futhi evunyelwe ngokomthetho njengempawu yekhwalithi.
Ngo-1985, ukuhlolwa kokuqala kukaNintendo kwathengisa i-NES eNew York, kwaze kwandiswa yafika eLos Angeles, eChicago naseSan Francisco. Lezi ziqaliso zokuqala zaba yimpumelelo futhi iNintendo yandisa ukukhululwa ezweni lonke kuwo wonke ama-United States. Lokhu kuhamba ngokushesha kwalawula imakethe yegeyimu yevidiyo e-United States futhi yasungula khona uNintendo njengelona igama lomkhiqizo omkhulu ebhizinisini.
Isinyathelo Esilandelayo: Gameboy
Kuwo wonke ama-80, iNintendo yaqhubeka ibambelele emakethe yemidlalo yevidiyo ngokukhipha nje imidlalo yemidlalo eyaziwayo, okuhlanganisa ukuqhutshwa okuqhubekayo kwezihloko ezintsha ezakhiwe nguShigeru Miyamoto , kodwa futhi ngokudinga ukuthi iziqu ezivela eceleni zithole imvume eqinile inqubo ngaphambi kokuvumela ukukhululwa ku-NES.
Lokhu kubonise ukuzibophezela komphakathi kukaNintendo ekwenzeni ikhwalithi ngaphezu kwemali. Njengoba idumela labo nokuqashelwa komkhiqizo kwanda uNintendo wahlanganiswa kakhulu emicabangweni yomphakathi ukuthi ekugcineni bakhulule umagazini wabo oshicilelwe ngo-1988, uNintendo Power, osekhulile waba ipodcast.
Ngo-1989 uNintendo wadedela uhlelo lwabo lokuqala, futhi olubaluleke kakhulu, uhlelo lokudlala lomakhalekhukhwini oluphathekayo. Edale ngo-Gunpei Yokoi, i- Game Boy yathatha imakethe ngesiphepho. Ngemiidlalo yevidiyo ye-Game Boy yeka ukubonakala njengabantwana kuphela njengoba abantu abadala beqala ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuzijabulisa ezihamba ngebhasi, ukuqeqesha nezitimela ezincane ngesikhathi sokuhamba okude ukusebenza.
Impi Yemidlalo Yevidiyo
Impumelelo enkulu ye-handheld yenziwa ngenxa ye-Nintendo yokupakisha nge-puzzle yomlutha we-puzzle Tetris, kanye nokugcina ibhalansi yezihloko zomdlalo wezintombi ezibucayi futhi ezinzima, ngisho nokudala izitayela zemidlalo ehlukile kwi-syststem. I-Game Boy ihlala isebenza kakhulu kunazo zonke izinhlelo zegeyimu yevidiyo, futhi imodeli yabo yakamuva, i-Game Boy Advance SP, isadlala zonke iziqu zakudala ze-Game Boy.
Ingxenye yokuphumelela okuqhubekayo kukaNintendo ekunciphiseni umncintiswano ngenxa yezivumelwano ezingabazekayo ezivumela ukulungiswa kwamanani, ukuzibandakanya kwamanye amaqembu kanye nokuthanda ukuthengisa. Izigwegwe eziningana zaqala ukuhamba ngezindiza ezivela kubathengi (ukulungiswa kwamanani) no- SEGA (ukuncintisana kwabo okukhulu) abasolwa ngeNintendo yokuphoqelela i-console yabo, i-SEGA Master System, emashalafini esitolo ngokusebenzisana nezigqila nabathengisi.
Amakhotho athola ukuthi uNintendo unecala futhi udinga ukulungiswa ukubuyisela imali enkulu kubathengi futhi aphule ukusebenzisana okukhethekile nabantu abathintekayo nabathengisi, kepha uNintendo waphela ukuguqulwa kube yinye ukunqoba. Basakaza ukulungiswa kwamanani ngesimo sezinkulungwane zama-rekke zokubuyiselwa kwezikweletu ezingu-R5, ngakho ukusebenzisa abathengi bokuhlala kufanele bathenge imikhiqizo eminingi ye-Nintendo.
Ngo-1990, umncintiswano we-console waqala ukuba yimpi egcwele. Ngokuthandwa okwandayo kwamakhompikhi ekhaya asekhaya angabizi, ukwethulwa kweziduduzi ezingu-16-bit, i-SEGA Genesis ne- TurboGrafx-16 . U-Nintendo wakwazi ukugcina umncintiswano waso ngokukhululwa kwe- Super Mario Bros 3 kaMizyamoto , isihloko esithengisa kakhulu se-NES kumlando wesistimu, ukuthengisa amakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-18 nokushayela ukuthengiswa okungeziwe kwe-NES 8-bit console.
Ukwazi lokhu kwakuyisixazululo okwesikhashana nje kuphela, uNintendo wayeseqalile ukuklama isimiso sakhe se-16-bit, futhi ngonyaka ofanayo wakhululwa i-Super Famicon eJapane. Uhlelo olusha lwaluyimpumelelo ye-monster edayisa amayunithi angu-300,000 emahoreni ambalwa nje. Ngonyaka ozayo i-Super Famicom yakhululwa e-United States njenge Super Nintendo (SNES), kodwa iqalo layo lide ngemuva kokuba umncintiswano usuvele usungula emakethe. Ekugcineni i-SNES ekugcineni izothatha le mboni futhi, nge-SEGA uGenesise efika ku-slot # #.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-PC Technology
Phakathi nama-90s game consoles ayeseqala ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-PC ekuthuthukiseni i-console yesizukulwane esisha sezinhlelo zegeyimu eziphakeme, ikakhulukazi ama - discs amasha we- CD-ROM ashisayo. Lezi diski zingabamba ulwazi oluthe xaxa kuma-discs amancane, okuholela kuhlukumezi eziphakeme, i-gameplay ejulile nokuhlangenwe nakho okubanzi.
Ngokushesha umncintiswano waqala ukukhulula ama-console asekelwe kuma- 64-bit technology . Nakuba uNintendo aphishekele amathuba okukhulula uhlelo lwazo lwama-dis-based, akhetha futhi akhethe ukunamathela kumakhansela emidlalo ngokukhululwa kwe-Nintendo 64 (N64) ngo-1996.
Nakuba ama-cartridges we-N64 ayebiza kakhulu kunezingcingo ze-CD-ROM, izikhathi zokulayisha zanciphisa ngokuphawulekayo njengoba leli khadi likwazi ukuletha ulwazi cishe masinyane. Ama-Discs adinga uhlelo ukuthi luhambise umfundi we-laser kuzungeze i-disk ukuthola futhi ulayishe kancane kancane ulwazi lomdlalo. I-N64 nayo yayiyi-console yokuqala yasekhaya emgqeni we-Nintendo ukuze ifake isimboli se-analog (noma isithupha) kumlawuli wayo.
Ukukhululwa kwe-N64 kwaba okungajwayelekile. Ngenkathi kuthengiswa kahle kakhulu eNyakatho Melika, ngezinyunyana ezingu-500 000 ezinyangeni zayo zokuqala ezine, kwakuyiNintendo console yokuqala ukuthola ukwamukela okubandayo eJapane. Nakuba i-N64 idlula i-console esekelwe i-SEGA, i-Sega Saturn, umlingani wegeyimu we-pre-video no-Nintendo, u-Sony, ukhululile uhlelo lwawo lwegeyimu yevidiyo, i- Sony PlayStation (aka PSOne). Ngezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, amanani entengo aphansi nomtapo omkhulu wezemidlalo, i-PSOne idlulisela i-N64 ngamayunithi angaphansi kwezigidi ezingu-10, okwenza i-PSOne iphumelele ngekhala. Ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wenkampani yeNintendo's console system yehlelwe ku # 2.
I-3D - I-Nintendo Consoles Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sabo
Ngonyaka owodwa ama-N64 akhululwe eJapane, uNintendo wahlushwa ukulahlekelwa enye ne-Virtual Boy. Ukuze uzame futhi usebenzise i-Virtual Reality craze, umdali we-Gunpei Yokoi uhlose ukuthi i-Virtual Boy ibe yindlela yokudlala yokuqala yokuletha isipiliyoni sangempela se-3-D nge-shutter goggles nesistimu yokubukwa kwesibuko. Kusukela ekuqalisweni kwayo i-Virtual Boy yayinenkinga. U-Nintendo waphoqelelwa ukuba Yokoi akhuphule ukukhipha uhlelo, okwenza ukuba kukhonjwe izingqimba eziningi. Ngenkathi ithengiswa njengento ebonakalayo ephathekayo ebonakalayo, yayingekho futhi ibangela abadlali abaningi ukuba bathole ikhanda. Ukuhluleka kwe-Virtual Boy kuqhube umklomelo phakathi kukaJoyi noMongameli weNintendo uJohn Yamauchi, njengoba bobabili bebekwe icala ngomunye wesistimu.
U-Yokoi wahlala noNintendo ngo-1996 ukuze abone ukuqaliswa kwe-Game Boy Pocket, inguqulo encane yesistimu ye-Yokoi's Game Boy. Lapho i-Game Boy Pocket isiqediwe, le ndoda yayibheka uThomas Edison wezemidlalo yevidiyo, yahlukana nobuhlobo bayo obuneminyaka engu-30 noNintendo.
I-Pokemon: Ukubuyisela ukuphumelela kwe-Nintendo & # 39; s
Ngonyaka we-1996, ukuthengiswa kweMdlalo Boy kwahlukunyezwa yi-innovative indlela entsha ye-gameplay. I-Nintendo game designer uSatoshi Tajiri yakha umugqa omusha wemidlalo obizwa ngokuthi i- Pocket Monsters (aka Pokémon) . Ukuthengiswa okusheshayo kwe-Pokémon futhi kwaba yi-franchise enkulu, ngokwenza imidlalo yevidiyo, imidlalo yamakhadi, amathoyizi, uchungechunge lwethelevishini kanye namafilimu wesici.
Iphinda ibuyiselwe ngokuphumelela kwe-Pokémon, kodwa isongelwa izinhlelo zokuncintisana ezisezingeni eliphezulu emakethe, uNintendo wakhiphe i- Game Boy Color (GBC) ngo-1998. Nakuba abaningi bebheka i-GBC njengento engeyona inguqulo ye-Game Boy okwakungokoqobo uhlelo olusha nolwasempumalanga. Akukona kuphela ukuvumela amageyimu aphezulu kunombala, kepha kwakuyihlelo lokuqala lokugcina elihambisanayo, olusebenzisa ukuxhumana okungenantambo ngezinzwa ze-infrared, neyokuqala ukusebenzisa amaklayridges alawulwayo okuhamba phambili okuzogqugquzela i-console ye-Next-Gen ye-Nintendo, I-Nintendo Wii .
Ngemuva kokukhuphuka kweNintendo kanye nokwehla kokubili kwe-console kanye ne-front handheld, ngo-2001 waba ngumnyaka omkhulu wenkampani, njengoba bekhipha izinhlelo ezimbili ezintsha ezithuthukisa zonke amasiko abo akhona. Ngo-Mashi 21, 2001 i- Game Boy Advance iqalele eJapane, futhi ngoSeptemba 14, 2001, i-console yabo yokuqala yokuqala, i-Nintendo GameCube yenza i-start yayo.
Ukuhambisana nemidlalo ye-Nintendo Classic
Kukhishwe iminyaka emibili kuphela ngemuva kwe-GBC, i-Game Boy Advance iletha ikhwalithi ye-console ye-SNES ibe yi-handheld. Uhlelo lokugcina lokukhiqiza yonke imidlalo ye-2D ngesitayela se-classic ibuye ibuyele emuva emuva nayo yonke imidlalo ye-classic evela ku-Game Boy yokuqala. I-GBA ibuye ibambe ngamanye amabhuku amaningi we-Nintendo imidlalo yama-class kunanoma yimuphi omunye uhlelo. Amapayipi wegeyimu avela ku-Nintendo Game & Izihloko ze-Watch ne-NES, ku-SNES nemidlalo ye-arcade yemali. I-GBA ikhiphe noma yimuphi omunye uhlelo lwegeyimu futhi isatholakala nanamuhla.
Phakathi nesikhathi lapho iMicrosoft iqala i-Xbox no-Sony ukukhulula isizukulwane sabo sesibili se-PlayStation, i-PlayStation 2, kokubili okwenziwe njengehlelo lokuzijabulisa elibandakanya ukudlala imidlalo, amaDVD nama-CD.
I-Nintendo inqume ukuthatha indlela ehlukile futhi ikhulule i-GameCube njengeyona kuphela "i-gen gen" yokudlala yemidlalo eyenzelwe ngqo imidlalo yevidiyo, futhi ithengise ngemali ephansi kunokuncintisana. Ngeshwa le ndlela ayizange ibambe futhi i-GameCube yehla iNintendo endaweni yezinombolo ezintathu empi ye-console, ne-PlayStation 2 njenge-# 1 ne-Microsoft ye-Xbox efika ku- # 2.
Esikhundleni sokuvuma ukuhlukunyezwa uNintendo wabuyela ebhodini lokudweba futhi waqala ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ze "Isizukulwane Esilandelayo" esisha futhi esiyingqayizivele se-console yasekhaya. Ngo-2001 i-Nintendo Revolution yakhishwa ngendlela entsha yokuxhumana nemidlalo yevidiyo, ukulawula okugcwele okuhambayo.
NgoMeyi 32, 2002, emva kweminyaka engu-53 eqhuba iNintendo futhi ehola phambili embonini yokudlala, uHiroshi Yamauchi washiya umhlalaphansi esikhundleni sakhe njengoMongameli, waba ngusihlalo weBhodi yabaqondisi beNintendo. Umlandeli wakhe, uSatoru Iwata, oyinhloko yeNintendo's Corporate Planning Division, wabizwa ngokuthi ungumlandeli wakhe futhi waba ngowokuqala iNintendo Present ngaphandle komndeni wakwaMasuchi.
Kusadingeka Ukuqala Namuhla nge-NES Classic ne-Nintendo Switch
Ngaphansi komongameli omusha, uNintendo waqala ukufuna izindlela ezingaphezulu kwebhokisi emakethe, hhayi nje ngokukhulisa izinga lemidlalo, kodwa ukuthi imidlalo idlala kanjani. Okokuqala bakhululwa i- Nintendo DS ngonyaka we-2004, uhlelo lokuqala lokudlala ekhaya lomuntu onesihenqo esibucayi, kanye ne-Nintendo ye-handheld yokuqala yokusebenzisa i-Game Boy moniker kusukela ku-Nintendo Game & Watch.
I-Nintendo ikhishwe i-DS ngokuncintisana ngokuqondile ne-Sony Handheld ye-Sony PSP ne-Nokia N-Gage. Indlela entsha yokudlala i-gameplay yayiwu-hit futhi yahambisa i-DS ku-# 1 yokuthengisa ngesandla, futhi iphula irekhodi lokuthengisa le-Game Boy Advance ngesikhathi esithile.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu yokuhlela i-Nintendo Revolution iqanjwe kabusha nge-Nintendo Wii futhi ikhishwa eNyakatho Melika ngoNovemba 19, 2006, okwenza i-Wii i-Nintendo console yokuqala ithunyelwe e-United States ngaphambi kweJapane. I-Wii inezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezivela ekulawuleni kwayo okuhambayo okuhlukile, ukuhambelana emuva nemidlalo ye-GameCube, ne-Wii Virtual Console equkethe izici eziningi ezibandakanya ukuhlanganisa i -Virtual Console ye-Wii Shop lapho ama-gamers angathenga futhi alandele ama-NES, ama-SNES nezihloko ze-N64 zakudala kanye namageyimu kusuka kumncintiswano wabo wangaphambili njenge-SEGA Master System noGenesise, i-TurboGrafx-16 ne-TurboGrafx-CD, ne-Neo Geo ne-Neo Geo CD. EYurophu eziningi iziqu ezingu-Commodore 64 nazo ziyatholakala, kanye nemidlalo yaseJapane evela ohlelweni lwekhompiyutha lwe-MSX. Zonke lezi zici zihlangene ohlelweni olulodwa lokuthengisa ngezindleko ezansi kunanoma iyiphi enye i-Console-Gen emakethe.
Ukugcina isimo sabo sokuthi i-gameplay ibaluleke ngaphezu kwekhwalithi yegrafu ye-HD enkulu, i-Wii ethengiswe emahoreni ambalwa ekuqalweni kwayo futhi cishe eminyakeni emibili kamuva kusengakapheli ukulandelela phansi ngokufuna okukhula ngokushesha kunokuba iNintendo ingazikhiqiza. Impumelelo ye-Nintendo DS ne-Wii idubule i-Nintendo emuva phezulu emakethe ye-console futhi ibikezela ukuthi bayinqobe yempi ye-console. Ngenxa yalokho, i-Nintendo ibona ukuthandwa kuyi-Nintendo NES Classic Edition, futhi ngokukhululwa kwe- Nintendo Switch ethandwa kakhulu, umdlalo ogcinwe ngesandla usuqinile, futhi.
Ngomnyaka wayo ongu-117 uNintendo uye wabona yonke umlando wegeyimu yevidiyo futhi yiyona kuphela umkhiqizi we-console ukukhulula njalo isistimu yonke isizukulwane se-console yokudlala. Baqhubeka behlala phezulu, manje ngezindlela ezintsha zokuletha imidlalo yama-classic kuzilaleli eziningi.