Yini ngempela i-Spamming 'i-Ratware'? I-Ratware isebenza kanjani?

"I-Ratware" igama elihle kakhulu kunoma yiliphi isofthiwe ye-imeyili enkulu eyenza, ithumele, futhi ihambise ukuthumela i-imeyili yogaxekile.

I-Ratware iyithuluzi lokuthi abakwa-spammers abaqeqeshiwe basebenzise ukuthumelela nami nge-imeyili e-obnoxious ekhangisa izidakamizwa kanye nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile noma ezama ukusiheha ekungeniseni i-imeyili ukukhwabanisa.

I-Ratware ivame ukuphoqa (" spoofs ") ikheli le-imeyili elivela kuyo elikuthumela ngayo ugaxekile. Lawa amakheli amthombo wamanga azovama ukushaya ikheli le-imeyili lomuntu oyisemthethweni (isib. FrankGillian@comcast.net), noma uthathe isakhiwo esingenakwenzeka njenge "twpvhoeks @" noma "qatt8303 @". Amakheli omthombo we-Spoof ungenye yezimpawu zokutshela ukuthi uhlaselwe yi-ratware.

Izibonelo zemilayezo ye-Ratware Mailout:

• "Sithwala imishanguzo ethandwa kakhulu" (ama-phardling peddling)
• "Uthunyelwe i-Insta-Kiss" (ugaxekile lwephishing ukuze uthathe imininingwane yakho yobunikazi)
• "UMSEBENZI WOKUSEBENZA KWEZIMPILO ZESATSHINI EZIPHILA KUCAMERA" (ukubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile)
• "UMSEBENZI wama-60-wesibili we-MORTGAGE" (ukweba ubunikazi)
• "HLELA isitoko esishisayo mayelana nokuhamba ophahleni" ( ukuphambanisa nokulahla i- imeyili imikhonyovu)
• "Unezithombe ezingu-14 ezisha" (ubugebengu bokuphanga)
• "Ukuphi?" (ukuhamba ngezithombe ezingcolile)
• "Amanani Okuthengiswa Okuhamba phambili kuma-iPhones" (i-scam scam)
• "Wonke ama-oda athunyelwa ezindaweni ezigunyaziwe" (ama-phardling pharmaceuticals)
• I * i g * r * a eshibhile (imithi ehamba phambili)

I-Ratware ikhona ukuze kufinyelelwe izinjongo ezine:

1. Ukuxhumeka ngokuzenzakalelayo kuma-server we-inthanethi noma kumakhompuyutha afihliwe e-intanethi, futhi uthathe izinhlelo zabo ze-imeyili okwesikhashana.
2. Thumela inani elikhulu lama-imeyli ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu kusuka kulawo ma-computer athunyiwe.
3. Ukuze unqamule futhi uhlanganise noma iyiphi indlela ye-digital yezenzo zabo.
4. Ukwenza izenzo ezintathu ngenhla ngokuzenzekelayo nangokuphindaphindiwe.

I-Ratware ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela ne-software ye-botnet yesilawuli kude, isofthiwe yokuvuna nesofthiwe yesichazamazwi. (bona ngezansi)

I-Ratware isebenza kanjani?

I-Ratware idinga ukufakwa, futhi idinga ukufeza imiqulu eminingi yemilayezo. Ukuze uzuze ukufihla nokufihleka, i-ratware isiyisebenzise ngokujwayelekile i-port 25 ngokuphambene namabhuloki amaningi we-ISP. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, i-port 25 manje isiqashwe ngokuqinile futhi ilawulwa cishe yingxenye yabanikeli bezinsizakalo zangasese ezizimele.

Ukuvala phansi i-port 25 kuye kwaba nenkinga, noma kunjalo, ngoba futhi kuvimbela amakhasimende ebhizinisi ukuba asebenze ngamasevisi azo nge-imeyili kubasebenzi bawo. Ama-ISP amaningi namakhasimende amabhizinisi amakhulu akhethe ukushiya i-port 25 evulekile kumakhasimende abo asemthethweni, futhi asebenzise amanye amasu e-firewall ukuvala abakwa-spammers abazama ukwehlisa amanethiwekhi abo bese bethumela ugaxekile.

Ngenxa ye-port 25 nezinye izivikelo, abakwa-spammers kuye kwadingeka baguquke kwezinye izindlela zokuthunjwa ukuze bathumele ama-imeyili abo angabonakali. Ama-spammers angu-40% we-ratware aphumelelayo asebenzisa umsebenzi ofanayo wokusebenzisa amakhompiyutha " ama-zombies " no- "bot" ... imishini yabantu abafanelekile okwesikhashana yaba amathuluzi ogaxekile ngokumelene nokwaziswa kwabanikazi babo.

Ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezingenayo "worm" ezinqabile ezifana ne- Sobig , i- MyDoom , ne- Bagle , abagaxekile bangena emakhompyutheni wabantu abayimfihlo bese befaka imishini yabo. Lezi zinambuzane zivula iminyango eyimfihlo evumela ukuthi abaduni be-spammer-balayishwe ukulawula umshini wesisulu bese beyibeka yaba isikhali se-spam robotic. Laba baduni bazokhokhwa noma yikuphi kusukela ngamasenti angu-15 kuya kwamasenti angu-40 kwikhompyutha ngayinye ye-zombie abangayithola kumqashi wabo wogaxekile. I-Ratware iyasuswa ngalezi zimishini zombie.

Ukuze ufeze imiqulu eminingi, i-ratware isebenzisa izinhlelo zokukhiqiza umbhalo ezothatha uhlu olukhulu lwamakheli we-imeyili, bese ubathumela imilayezo yogaxekile. Ngenxa yokuthi ngaphansi kuka-0.25% yama-imeyili ogaxekile aphumelele ekuwuneni ikhasimende noma ekukhohliseni umfundi, i-ratware kumele ithumele ama-imeyili amaningi we-imeyli ogaxekile ngaphambi kokuthi iphumelele. I-batch encane ephumelele yokuthumela ithumele ama-imeyili angama-50,000 ku-single burst. Amanye ama-ratware, kuye ngokuthi izinhlobo zamakhompyutha axhunyiwe, angathumela imiyalezo engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2 ngemizuzu eyishumi.

Kuphela kulezi zinyathelisi ezenza ukugaxekile kuzuzisa ekuhambiseni izidakamizwa zayo, izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, noma izigameko zobugebengu be-phishing.

Uphi I-Ratware Yithola Ikheli Lami Le-imeyili?

Kunezindlela ezine ezingathembeki ukuthi i-ratware ithola amakheli e-imeyili: uhlu lwamakethe omnyama, izinhlu ezivuniwe, izinhlu zesichazamazwi, nokuzikhiphela ohlwini lwezinhlamba. Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole imininingwane ngalezi zindlela ezine ezingathembeki .

Utholaphi i-Ratware Software?

Ngeke uthole amathuluzi we-ratware ngokuHlanganisa iWebhu. Imikhiqizo ye-Ratware iyimfihlakalo, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidalwa abahleli abanamakhono kodwa abangenamthetho. Uma sekudalwa, izinhlelo eziphumelelayo ze-ratware zithengiswa ngasese phakathi kwamaqembu angathembeki, hhayi ngokungafani nabathengisi bezingalo abathengisa izikhali.

Ngenxa yokuthi isofthiwe ye-ratware ayikho emthethweni futhi iphula umthetho we-CAN-SPAM, abahleli ngeke nje banikele i-ratware ngaphandle mahhala. Bayokhipha isofthiwe ye-ratware kuphela kulabo abayokhokha imali eyanele ukuze benze kube kuhle.

Ubani Oye Wafundiswa Ngokusebenzisa I-Ratware Software?

UJeremy Jaynes no-Alan Ralsky bangabantu ababili abadume kakhulu abadlwengula abaye baboshwa. Bobabili bazuze ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1 zamaRandi ngenzuzo engekho emthethweni kusuka kugaxekile.