Incazelo yezinga eliphakeme lezinga eliphezulu kanye nezibonelo zezingxoxo ezijwayelekile zezizinda
Isizinda sezinga eliphezulu (TLD), ngezinye izikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi isandiso sesizinda se-intanethi, yingxenye yokugcina yegama lesizinda se-intanethi, etholakala ngemuva kwephashaji lokugcina, ukusiza ukwakha igama lesizinda elifanelekayo ngokugcwele ( FQDN ).
Isibonelo, isizinda esiphezulu sezinga futhi i-google.com kokubili i-.com .
Iyini Inhloso Yesizinda Esiphezulu?
Izizinda eziphezulu kakhulu zikhonza njengendlela esheshayo yokuqonda ukuthi i-website iyini noma lapho isekelwe khona.
Isibonelo, ukubona ikheli le-.gov , njenge-www.whitehouse.gov , kuzokutshela ngokushesha ukuthi ukwaziswa kwiwebhusaythi kuhlose uhulumeni.
Isizinda esiphezulu se-.ca ku-www.cbc.ca sibonisa okuthile ngaleyo website, kulokhu, ukuthi obhalisiwe yinhlangano yaseCanada.
Yiziphi Izizinda Eziphezulu Eziphezulu?
Kunezizinda eziningana zezinga eliphezulu, eziningi zazo okungenzeka ukuthi wazibona ngaphambilini.
Ezinye izizinda zezinga eliphezulu zivulekile kunoma yimuphi umuntu noma ibhizinisi ukubhalisa, kanti abanye badinga ukuthi izinqubo ezithile zihlangane.
Izizinda eziphezulu kakhulu zihlelwe ngamaqembu: izizinda eziphezulu eziphezulu (gTLD) , izizinda zezinga eliphezulu zezinga eliphezulu (ccTLD) , isizinda sangasese sezinga eliphezulu (arpa) , kanye nezizinda eziphezulu ezingeni eliphezulu (IDNs) .
Izizinda eziphezulu ze-Generic (gTLDs)
Izizinda eziphezulu ze-Generic ziyigama elijwayelekile lesizinda okungenzeka ukuthi uyazijwayele. Lezi zivulekile ukuthi ubani abhalise amagama wesizinda ngaphansi kwe:
- .com (commercial)
- .org (inhlangano)
- .net (inethiwekhi)
- .name (igama)
- .biz (ibhizinisi)
- .info (ulwazi)
Ama-gTLD engeziwe atholakalayo okuthiwa yizizinda eziphezulu ezixhaswe , futhi kubhekwa njengokungavinjelwe ngoba imihlahlandlela ethile kufanele ihlangane ngaphambi kokuba ibhaliswe:
- .int (yamazwe ngamazwe): Asetshenziswa izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ngezinhloso eziphathelene nomhlaba, futhi zidinga inombolo yokubhalisa yezizwe ezihlangene
- .edu (imfundo): Kuncike kwizikhungo zemfundo kuphela
- .gov (uhulumeni): Kuncishiswe izinhlangano zikahulumeni zase-US kuphela
- .mil (ezempi): Kuncike kumbutho wezempi wase-US kuphela
- .jobs (umsebenzi): Kumelwe ubhalise ngaphansi kwegama elisemthethweni lenkampani noma inhlangano
- .mobi (mobile): Kungadingeka ukuthi uhambisane nemikhombandlela esebenzayo
- .tel (i-Telnic): Kuncishiswe ukusingathwa okuhlobene nolwazi lokuxhumana, hhayi amawebhusayithi
I-Country Code Izindawo eziphezulu eziphezulu (ccTLD)
Amazwe kanye nezindawo zinegama eliphakeme lezinga lesizinda elitholakalayo elisekelwe encwadini ye-ISO emibili yezwe. Nazi ezinye zezibonelo zamakhodi aphezulu wekhodi lezwe eliphezulu:
- .us: United States
- .ca: Canada
- .nl: Netherlands
- .de: i- Germany
- .fr: France
- .ch: Switzerland
- .cn: China
- .in: India
- .ru : i- Russia
- .mx: Mexico
- .jp: Japan
- .br: i- Brazil
Uhlu olusemthethweni, oluphelele lwaso sonke isizinda esiphezulu esisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nesizinda sezwe eliphezulu sezinga eliphezulu lihlelwe yi-Inthanethi eyabelwe Amanani Amanani (IANA).
Izizinda Eziphezulu Zezingqalasizinda (arpa)
Lesi sizinda esiphezulu sezinga eliphezulu se- Adress and Routing Parameter Area futhi sisetshenziselwa izinhloso zengqalasizinda yobuchwepheshe, njengokuxazulula igama lomsingeli kusuka ekhelini elinikeziwe le-IP .
Izizinda Eziphezulu Zezinga eliphezulu (ama-IDN)
Izizinda ezisemaphandleni ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziyizizinda eziphezulu zezinga eliphezulu eziboniswa ngolimi-amagama abhali.
Isibonelo,. I-рф iyisizinda esiphezulu se-internationalized level for the Russian Federation.
Ubhalisa kanjani igama lesizinda?
I-Inthanethi ye-Inthanethi yamagama anikezelweyo namanani (i-ICANN) iphethe ukuphatha izizinda ezingeni eliphezulu, kepha ukubhaliswa kungenziwa ngenani lababhalisi.
Amanye ababhalisi besizinda esithandwayo owake wawazwa kuhlanganisa i-GoDaddy, 1 & 1, NetworkSolutions, ne-Namecheap.